Suchergebnisse

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to present the differentiation in the level of economic development among the EU Member States in the context of the progress in implementing the concept of sustainable development. Design/Methodology/Approach: The time scope of the analysis involved the years 2014 and 2019, and the territorial one covered 27 EU countries. The research procedure used data from Eurostat and methods of descriptive statistics were applied, i.e. minimum value, maximum value, average, coefficient of variation. Findings: The discussion led to the identification and application of indicators that enable describing economic development in the context of sustainable development of the EU-27 countries in 2014 and 2019. Based on the presented results, it can be concluded that positive changes are taking place in many countries that are getting closer to the implementation of the sustainable development paradigm, which is one of the main priorities of the Europe 2020 Strategy: the long-term socio-economic program of the EU. Practical Implications: The results of the analysis conducted may contribute to the assessment of the effects of the development policy pursued in the EU-27 countries so far. Originality/value: Indicator analysis of the economy development of EU countries in the context of the implementation of the concept of sustainable development is not often undertaken in scientific research. ; peer-reviewed

First published in 1998, this volume describes and analyses organizations of social security claimants and their position in the field of force of the national welfare state in six European countries: representing a diversity of welfare state regimes. The authors analyse these organizations, and their strengths and weaknesses, from a variety of theoretical perspectives: such as the opportunity structures of welfare states and national political relations, the fragmentation of the social movements of social security claimants along ideological and categorical lines, the (im)possibilities of organizing socially highly marginalized groups etc. The volume also contains an introduction and an epilogue, as well as a chapter dealing with the relations between collective and individual forms of social resistance.

"In European policy-making, the Nordic countries are often viewed as a relatively coherent bloc; in international and European affairs the Nordic position has traditionally been conditioned on being different from and better than Europe. This book offers a coherent, original and systematic comparative analysis of the relationship between the Nordic countries and the European Union over the past two decades. It looks at the historical frame, institutions and policy areas, addressing both traditional EU areas such as agriculture and more nascent areas affecting the domestic and foreign policies of the Nordic countries. In doing so, it examines how the Nordic approach to European policy-making has developed and explains why the Nordic countries are similar in some respects while differing in others when engaging with EU institutions. In highlighting the similarities and differences between the Nordic countries it explores what lessons -- positive and negative -- may be drawn from this approach for the Nordic countries and other small states. This book will be of interest to scholars, students and practitioners engaged with the Nordic Countries, EU politics and policy-making, European politics and comparative politics."--Provided by publisher

"This book provides the first comprehensive review of the European Union's role in military conflict management beyond its borders and makes an important contribution to debates on the EU's role in global security governance. The EU has launched five military operations within the framework of its Common Security and Defence Policy with the explicit purpose to help manage violent conflicts beyond its borders. This book develops a definition and a set of criteria for success in military conflict management and applies this new analytical framework in a comparative case study of the five EU military operations undertaken in Macedonia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Chad and the Central African Republic. Having evaluated their success the book goes on to explore the conditions under which military conflict management operations conducted by international organizations are successful and explores the implications of its findings for the future theory and practice of military conflict management. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of security studies, conflict studies, European Union politics and foreign policy and global security governance"--

Also discusses the Caribbean and Pacific states.

"Conforming neither to the hierarchical and bureaucratic organization of the European nation-state nor the anarchical structure of international organizations, The European Union (EU) and its predecessors provide an exemplary site for developing a decentred approach to the study of governance. The book offers an analysis of the formation and transformation of the EU as an example of governance above the nation-state and is framed by the recognition that the construction of the EU has resulted in variegated and decentred forms of governance. The chapters look at distinct aspects of EU governance to bring to light the influence of elite narratives, scientific rationalities, local traditions and meaningful practices in the making and remaking of European governance. As such each chapter offers a unique contribution to the study of the EU. In doing so, the book challenges dominant narratives of European integration and policymaking that appeal to reified rationalities and social structures and uncovers the contingency and conflict endemic to European governance. This text will be of key interest to scholars and students of European Union politics, European politics/studies, governance and more broadly to public management, international organisations, anthropology, and sociology"--

The substantive law in Europe -- The significance of substantive law background for private international law -- General remarks on insurance conflict of laws -- Admission of insurance and reinsurance services and products to the EU market : conflict of laws issues -- The special rules of the Brussels Regulation and Lugano Convention for insurance and reinsurance disputes -- Recognition and enforcement of judgments in insurance and reinsurance matters -- Forum shopping -- The 1980 Rome Convention and the law applicable to insurance and reinsurance contracts -- The choice of law rules in the second and third non-life directives -- Applicable law under the second and third-life assurance directives -- The implementation of the EC choice of laws provisions for insurance contracts in the United Kingdom -- The EC choice of law rules for compulsory insurance contracts : the general rules -- The EC choice of law rules for motor vehicle insurance contracts -- Electronic commerce law in Europe -- Insurance and reinsurance contracts concluded by electronic means : jurisdictional and applicable law problems -- Choice of law in relation to insurance and reinsurance contracts concluded by electronic means.

As a major foodborne pathogen, Campylobacter is frequently isolated from food sources of animal origin. In contrast, human Campylobacter illness is relatively rare, but has a considerable health burden due to acute enteric illness as well as severe sequelae. To study silent transmission, serum antibodies can be used as biomarkers to estimate seroconversion rates, as a proxy for infection pressure. This novel approach to serology shows that infections are much more common than disease, possibly because most infections remain asymptomatic. This study used antibody titres measured in serum samples collected from healthy subjects selected randomly in the general population from several countries in the European Union (EU). Estimates of seroconversion rates to Campylobacter were calculated for seven countries: Romania, Poland, Italy, France, Finland, Denmark and The Netherlands. Results indicate high infection pressures in all these countries, slightly increasing in Eastern EU countries. Of these countries, the differences in rates of notified illnesses are much greater, with low numbers in France and Poland, possibly indicating lower probability of detection due to differences in the notification systems, but in the latter case it cannot be excluded that more frequent exposure confers better protection due to acquired immunity.