Suchergebnisse

Snitching -- Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Real Deal -- I. Anatomy of an Informant Deal -- II. Implications of Informant Practices -- Chapter 2: To Catch a Thief -- I. Creating and Rewarding Criminal Informants -- II. Using Informants as Investigative Tools -- III. Defendant Rights against Official Informant Use -- IV. Legal Limits: What the Government Can't Do -- V. Informant Use in Comparative Perspective -- VI. American Informant Law -- Chapter 3: Beyond Unreliable -- I. Lying Informants -- II. Law Enforcement Dependence on Informants -- III. Juries -- IV. When the Innocent Plead Guilty -- V. The Important but Limited Role of Procedural Protections -- Chapter 4: Secret Justice -- I. Investigation -- II. Plea Bargaining -- III. Discovery -- IV. Public Transparency and Executive Accountability -- V. Informants and the Internet -- Chapter 5: Snitching in the 'Hood -- I. More Snitches -- II. More Crime -- III. More Violence -- IV. Racial Focusing -- V. More Tension between Police and Community -- VI. More Distrust -- VII. Snitching as a Costly Social Policy -- Chapter 6: "Stop Snitching" -- I. "In the Game" -- II. Distrust of the Police -- III. Witness Intimidation -- IV. The Role of Rap and Hip Hop -- V. What Does "Stop Snitching" Mean? -- Chapter 7: How the Other Half Lives: White Collar and Other Kinds of Cooperation -- I. FBI Informants and Organized Crime -- II. Political Informants -- III. White Collar Crime and Cooperation -- IV. Terrorism -- Chapter 8: Reform -- I. Defining Informants -- II. Data Collection and Reporting on Informant Creation and Deployment -- III. Informant Crime Control and Reporting -- IV. Protecting Informants -- V. Defense Informants -- VI. Police Investigative Guidelines -- VII. Prosecutorial Guidelines -- VIII. Heightened Judicial Scrutiny -- IX. Criminal Procedure Reforms -- X. Improving Police-Community Trust and Communication -- Conclusion -- I. Governing through Crime, Governing through Informants -- II. Implications -- Notes -- Index -- About the Author

Die Arbeit sucht nach Kriterien, die den Vergleich von und die Wahl zwischen kriminologischen Theorien ermöglichen. Ausgangpunkt ist die merkwürdige Lage der deutschen kritischen Kriminologie. Kapitel 1 diskutiert den Positivismusstreit und seine Konsequenzen für die Kriminologie. Kapitel 2 widmet sich der Paradigmendebatte. Kapitel 3 und 4 setzen sich mit den Mainstream-Theorien - sowohl konventionellen wie auch kritischen - auseinander. Die Schlussbemerkungen (Kapitel 5) behandeln ethische, politische und epistemologische Standards der kriminologischen Theoriebildung und Forschung. Die Arbeit ist kein voreingenommenes pro domo für die kritische Kriminologie, sondern eine relativ kühle Betrachtung der gegenwärtigen Theorien. Sie zielt nicht auf eine Lösung von deren Problemen ab, sondern nur auf den Nachweis, dass kritische Kriminologie, wissenschaftstheoretisch betrachtet, nicht aus dem Spiel ist, sondern eine realistischere und legiti-miertere Alternative zum Mainstream. Diese Alternative stellt sich selbst – auf der Grundlage von Bruno Latour und Steve Fuller - als Teil einer umfassenden sozialen Kritik dar, die aber deswegen nicht weniger wissenschaftlich ist. Kritische Sozialtheoretiker streben nach Theorien, die Erklärung und Kritik verbinden können und deswegen nach Theorien, die sowohl normative als auch erklärende Eigenschaften beinhalten. Sie schließt sich nicht dem Chorus des "sterilen Selbstmitleids desillusionierter Ministranten" an, sondern versucht, mit wissen-schaftstheoretischen Mitteln zu zeigen, dass man sich für die kritische Kriminologie rational entscheiden kann. ; Starting point of the argument is the peculiar situation of German criminology. The dissertation is dedicated to the search for criteria within the realm of the theory of science that would make it possible to make an informed choice between different criminological theories. The main study object, therefore, are the respective patterns used to legitimate various conventional and critical criminological theories. The first chapter discusses the famous "Positivismusstreit" and its consequences for criminological theory. The second chapter takes a look at Kuhn's theory of paradigms and again, at consequences for criminology. The next chapters are discussing the mainstream theories in conventional and critical criminology. The work is not a pro domo for critical criminology, but a quite realistic consideration of the epistemological standards of criminology and of its legitimising patterns. In the light of theory of science and taking into consideration the peculiarities of criminology as a cultural phenomenon, there are good reasons for considering critical criminological approaches to be a more suitable way of coping with the cultural phenomena of crime and criminalisation.

Address before the Am. association for the advancement of science, Boston, Dec. 28, 1946.

This article seeks to outline a contemporary anthropological approach to crime and criminalization, an "anthropological criminology 2.0". This is an anthropological criminology which distances the subfield from its social Darwinist connotations and instead etches itself clearly onto a social and political anthropological tradition. In doing so, the article moves from Malinowski's initial functionalist and localist approach to present-day political and global orientations. It offers five distinct propositions for anthropological criminology to engage with in future: Five propositions, which we believe to be essential for future anthropological studies of crime and criminalization. With these as guidelines, our hope is to fully revive a much-needed dialogue between criminology and anthropology. As we shall see, anthropological and ethnographic insights are currently in demand as global, yet poorly understood, forms of crime are developing alongside ever more crude and amplified reactions to them.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Theories of Youth Homicide -- Chapter 2: Studying Youth Homicide -- Chapter 3: The Role of Early Childhood Experiences -- Chapter 4: Lessons Learned in Adolescence -- Chapter 5: Homicides in Context -- Chapter 6: Charged and Convicted: Experiences in Custody and the Community -- Chapter 7: Conclusion -- Appendix A: Youth Homicide Study Questionnaire -- Appendix B: Youth Homicide Study Informed Consent Form -- References

Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- PROLOGUE Jekylls and Hydes -- CHAPTER 1 Impostors and Incorrigible Rogues -- CHAPTER 2 Measuring the Criminal Body -- CHAPTER 3 Native Prints -- CHAPTER 4 Degenerate Fingerprints -- CHAPTER 5 Fingerprinting Foreigners -- CHAPTER 6 From Anthropometry to Dactyloscopy -- CHAPTER 7 Bloody Fingerprints and Brazen Experts -- CHAPTER 8 Dazzling Demonstrations and Easy Assumptions -- CHAPTER 9 Identification at a Distance -- CHAPTER 10 Digital Digits -- CHAPTER 11 Fraud, Fabrication, and False Positives -- CHAPTER 12 The Genetic Age -- EPILOGUE Bodily Identities -- NOTES -- Credits -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Index

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction -- PART I. Smuggling in the Drug War Zone -- Introduction: Drug Trafficking—Studies and Sources Relevant to the Mexican-American Drug War Zone -- La Nacha: The Heroin Queen of Juárez -- The Roots of Contraband Smuggling in El Paso -- Female Drug Lord -- Community-Based Drug Use, Smuggling, and Dealing in the 1970s and 1980s -- Selling Drugs in Downtown Juárez: Juan and Jorge -- A Young Smuggler and His Family -- Blaxicans: The Life of a Chicano Smuggler and Musician on the Borderline of African American and Mexican American Culture -- Drug Addiction and Drug Trafficking in the Life of an Anarchist -- Drug Smuggling through Tunnels: The Tale of a Scuba-Diving Instructor -- Witness to a Juárez Drug Killing -- PART II. Law Enforcement in the Drug War Zone -- Introduction: Ethnographic Dimensions of Law Enforcement in the Drug War Zone -- Undercover Agent on the Border: Cultural Disguises -- The Death of Francisco -- A Juárez Policeman Fighting Drug Traffickers -- Journalism and Drug Trafficking: Covering the Narco Beat on the Border -- Patrolling the Drug War Zone: A Border Patrol Agent in the War on Drugs -- Intelligence and the Drug War: Commander of an Antidrug Task Force on the Border -- Excerpt from Weed: Adventures of a Dope Smuggler, by Jerry Kamstra -- Agent against Prohibition -- Epilogue and Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Index

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- 1. Introduction: Youth Crime and Youth Justice -- 2. Why Have a Separate Youth Justice System? -- 3. The Youth Justice System and Very Young Children -- 4. The Nature of Youth Crime -- 5. Youth Crime, Special Issues: Gangs, Schools, and Recidivists -- 6. Trends in Youth Crime: Has Youth Crime Increased in the Past Few Years? -- 7. Getting the Case to Court -- 8. Transfers to Adult Court: Treating Children as Adults -- 9. Sentencing of Youths -- 10. The Impact of Custody -- 11. Conclusion: How Do We Best Approach the Problem of Youth Crime? -- References -- Index