Suchergebnisse

AbstractSocial Impact Bonds (SIBs) have alternatively been portrayed as a promising tool to improve the functioning of welfare systems, or as an instrument of neo‐liberalism that threatens to undermine them. Recently, a more nuanced understanding of the promises as well as pitfalls of SIBs has developed, as both practical experiences and published empirical evidence about implemented SIBs have increased in number. We aim to contribute to the development of such an understanding by analyzing practitioner reports on SIBs. We identify two key paradoxes of SIBs. These paradoxes centre on statements that cannot both hold true for the very same SIB: (1) flexible but evidence‐based services; and (2) cost‐saving risk transfer to private investors. We conclude by discussing how those paradoxes have been resolved in existing SIBs, which strategies of de‐paradoxification may turn out to be paramount in future, and how positive aspects of SIBs can be preserved while defusing their more problematic ones.

Resumen La finalidad del Trabajo Social es promover cambios que mejoren la calidad de vida de las personas y su entorno. Esto se concreta en la intervención social que mayoritariamente reacciona ante un problema emergente o existente que afecta tanto a personas individuales como a familias, grupos y comunidades. En cambio, la prevención va más allá de la atención inmediata y se basa en diagnósticos prospectivos sobre las vulnerabilidades y riesgos de las personas y su entorno para impedir que sufran los efectos de los mismos o que estos se agraven. Con estas premisas, en este estudio se ha perseguido el objetivo de analizar las características de la intervención social según las publicaciones de Trabajo Social, focalizado en distinguir entre los dos tipos de intervención, como respuesta a problemas ya presentes o bien tratando de impedir que surjan. Para ello se ha realizado una revisión de 29 artículos publicados entre los años 2000 y 2019 en revistas científicas. Entre los resultados se ha observado que la mayoría de los estudios están basados en experiencias de intervención reactiva y son pocos los referidos a la prevención. Se plantean recomendaciones para la práctica y la investigación del Trabajo Social con un enfoque preventivo. ; Abstract The purpose of Social Work is to promote changes that improve the quality of life of people and their environment. This is reflected in social intervention that mostly reacts to an emerging or existing problem that affects individuals as well as families, groups and communities. Instead, prevention does not stay in immediate care, but relies on forward-looking diagnostics about the vulnerabilities and risks of people and their environment to prevent them from suffering the effects of them or from aggravating them. With these assumptions, this study has pursued the objective of analyzing the characteristics of social intervention according to the publications of Social Work, focused on distinguishing between the two types of intervention, in response to problems already present or well trying to prevent them from resuing. For this purpose, a review of 29 articles published between 2000 and 2019 has been carried out in scientific journals. Among the results has been observed that most studies are based on experiences of reactive intervention and few are related to prevention. Recommendations for the practice and research of Social Work are raised with a preventive approach.

Autoethnography is an innovative approach to inquiry in which the researcher is also the subject of the research. Using scholarly and literary devices, the researcher/subject explores the social and cultural contexts of meaningful life experiences and their implications for the present. Eschewing the restrictions of conventional research writing, autoethnography generates substantial and meaningful knowledge for social workers and professionals in related fields. Researchers describe social issues from the inside out, producing narratives that reflect the messy, experiential encounters of eve

The examination of social questions is a relatively new development in goegraphy, but social geography has now blossomed into a fully fledged sub-discipline which has in fact influenced significantly all other areas of geography. This book, first published in 1987, presents an overview of recent developments in all the major branches of social geography. As such it provides a valuable introduction to te subject, a review of the latest state of the art and a pointer to future research directions

One of the focal points of social networks research has been the process by which individuals utilize information and cues from their social networks and communities to form political attitudes and make decisions about how and when to participate in politics. Not all individuals, however, have large social networks or are strongly connected to their local social environments. Furthermore, despite concerns about rising social isolation in American society, the role that relatively socially disconnected individuals play in politics is not well understood. Using a nationally representative data set with information about communities, social networks, and individual-level variables, this paper examines social connectedness and political behavior. Those who are more socially isolated, it is found, are neither more conservative nor liberal on any particular political issues, but clearly participate in politics less than individuals who are well connected to those around them. Finally, while individual political ideology is not correlated with isolation, the contextual influence of the local environment on individual preferences is correlated with social connectedness. When compared with well connected citizens, individuals who are more isolated are less likely to have their vote choices influenced by those around them. Individual social connectedness conditions the effect of contextual social influence.

Front Matter -- Dedication -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction: The Representative Payee Program -- 2 Representative Payees and Their Beneficiaries -- 3 Performance of Representative Payees -- 4 Defining and Discovering Misuse -- 5 New Approaches to Detect Misuse -- 6 Program Policies and Practices -- References -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Westat Survey Methodology and Survey Questionnaires -- Appendix B Program Questions to and Answers from the Social Security Administration -- Appendix C Guardianship Questions to and Responses from the Social Security Administration -- Appendix D In-Depth Study of Misuse -- Appendix E Current Annual Accounting Form -- Appendix F Proposed Representative Payee Annual Report -- Appendix G Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Staff.

El Derecho Social a la Información y el Derecho de Opinión, de todos los sectores e individuos de una sociedad, constituyen dos de los principales pilares de la democracia contemporánea. Las luchas sociales por la democracia involucran, en la dinámica que les es inherente, el derecho de estar informado, el derecho de saber lo que está aconteciendo a su alrededor, porque sin ese acceso al hecho histórico, el hombre no pasará a ser el protagonista de la acción social.

A common view is that an individual delinquent can be rehabilitated in a "home" in the countryside, away from his or her original urban social ties. An ironic result is new social ties with other juvenile delinquents as they spend a considerable amount of time together at a secluded institution. Drawing on ethnographic studies in residential care institutions, this article discusses two aspects to consider when analyzing social ties in such settings: the institutional prerequisites for and the everyday achievement of isolation and intimacy.

The article by Victor Gerdes on 'Precursors of Modern Social Security in Indigenous African Institutions' in thisJournal, Vol. XIII, No. 2, June 1975, is timely in raising the question of the interrelationship between 'modern' social security schemes, implanted comparatively recently in most African countries, and their traditional precursors. The description of a range of indigenous Ethiopian institutions which, to some extent at least, perform the functions of social security schemes, is a valuable addition to the published material in this field.