SONER CAGAPTAYIslam, Secularism, and Nationalism in Modern Turkey. Who Is a Turk? (London/New York: Routledge, 2006). Pp. 282. $115.00 cloth
In: International journal of Middle East studies: IJMES, Band 39, Heft 2, S. 324-326
ISSN: 1471-6380
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In: International journal of Middle East studies: IJMES, Band 39, Heft 2, S. 324-326
ISSN: 1471-6380
In: International journal of Middle East studies: IJMES, Band 38, Heft 1, S. 157
ISSN: 1471-6380
In: International journal of Middle East studies: IJMES, Band 36, Heft 1, S. 155-157
ISSN: 1471-6380
In: Slavic review: interdisciplinary quarterly of Russian, Eurasian and East European studies, Band 61, Heft 4, S. 834-836
ISSN: 2325-7784
In: The journal of military history, Band 65, Heft 3, S. 771-775
ISSN: 0899-3718
In: The Middle East journal, Band 54, Heft 4, S. 658-659
ISSN: 0026-3141
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 32, Heft 3, S. 787-789
ISSN: 1747-7379, 0197-9183
In: The Middle East journal, Band 52, Heft 4, S. 618-619
ISSN: 0026-3141
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 32, Heft 3, S. 787-789
ISSN: 0197-9183
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 470-473
ISSN: 1747-7379, 0197-9183
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 477-478
ISSN: 0197-9183
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 470-473
ISSN: 0197-9183
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 31, S. 477-478
ISSN: 0197-9183
In: International migration review: IMR, Band 31, S. 470-473
ISSN: 0197-9183
In: Nationalities papers: the journal of nationalism and ethnicity, Band 23, Heft 4, S. 725-749
ISSN: 1465-3923
In May 1989, two series of demonstrations in Turkish villages of northeast Bulgaria was followed by a massive gathering of more than 50,000 Muslim Turks in the town of Shumnu in the same area. The Turks had converged to Shumnu from the surrounding villages and smaller towns in order to protest the forced changes of names and the bulgarization imposed by the government of Todor Zhivkov, then undisputed ruler of Bulgaria. The demonstration was put down in the usual brutal Bulgarian way; some twenty to thirty-five demonstrators were killed and hundreds were injured. However, the Turks had made their point; they were not going to give up, however fierce the official terror, their Islamic identity and culture.