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"This book provides emerging research on the modern effects of media on cultures, individuals, and groups. While highlighting a range of topics such as social media use and marketing, media influence, and communication technology, this book explores how these advancements shape and further the global society. This book is an important resource for media researchers and professionals, academics, students, and communications experts seeking new information on the effective use of modern technology in communication applications."

This review of empirical research into the effects of media violence examines what has been learned from evidence and to what extent the evidence can be accepted at face value. This article reexamines debates about different data types, different methodologies, theoretical and explanatory models, directions of effect, and value of aggregated data sets. Limitations and weaknesses are identified in relation to the various methodological approaches and sources of evidence that have been featured in academic discussions and debates about media policy and content regulation. Although not dismissing the empirical research on this subject as valueless, this critique advises caution in accepting blanket conclusions about harmful effects of media violence, instead calling for a targeted approach that recognizes that some media consumers may be more susceptible than others to media effects and that media depictions of violence can vary in the risks they represent as potential triggers of unpleasant or harmful reactions among media consumers.

For years, research concerning masculinities has explored the way that men have dominated, exploited, and dismantled societies, asking how we might make sense of marginalized masculinities in the context of male privilege. This volume asks not only how terms such as men and masculinity are socially defined and culturally instantiated, but also how the media has constructed notions of masculinity that have kept minority masculinities on the margins. Essays explore marginalized masculinities as communicated through film, television, and new media, visiting representations and marginalized identi

The article examines the processes of media development in the conditions of Bulgaria's post-communist transformation. The authors notes ambiguous, complex and contradictory of its process. He stresses that the process of post-communist Bulgarian media had a significant impact, non-transparent privatization, tough confrontation between the major political forces of society, inadequate media legislation ; В статье анализируется процесс развития средств массовой информации в условиях посткоммунистической трансформации Болгарии. Отмечается его неоднозначный, сложный и противоречивый характер. Авторы подчеркивают, что на процесс посткоммунистического развития болгарских СМИ существенное влияние оказали непрозрачный характер их приватизации, жесткая конфронтация между основными политическими силами общества, несовершенство медийного законодательства ; У статті аналізується процес розвитку засобів масової інформації в умовах посткомуністичної трансформації Болгарії. Відмічається його неоднозначний, складний та суперечливий характер. Автори наголошують, що на процес посткомуністичного розвитку болгарських ЗМІ суттєвий вплив справили: непрозорий характер їх приватизації, жорстка конфронтація між основними політичними силами суспільства, недосконалість медійного законодавства

Intro -- RESEARCH IN MEDIA EDUCATION -- RESEARCH IN MEDIA EDUCATION -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- MEDIA EDUCATION: CHANGING ROLES IN CHANGING TIMES -- INTRODUCTION -- EARLY BEGINNINGS: IN POLITICS, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES -- The Instrumental Approach -- The Educational Approach: The Inoculation Paradigm, the Popular Arts Paradigm and the Representational Paradigm -- THE PRESENT: INTERDISCIPLINARY MEDIA EDUCATION AND ITS GROWING IMPORTANCE IN THE WORLD -- Media Education around the World -- The Interdisciplinary Nature of Media Education -- EMERGING THEMES IN MEDIA EDUCATION -- Media Education and Citizenship -- Media Education and Public Health -- Media Education and Consumer Culture -- FUTURE EXPECTATIONS: CROSS-CURRICULAR MEDIA EDUCATION AND THE NEED FOR A SHIFT TOWARDS A PREPARATORY PARADIGM -- New Media Technologies -- Developing Online Sense, Participation and Activism -- Media Education, Changing Curriculum and Teacher Requirements -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- MEDIA LITERACY IN CANADA: TOWARDS THE RESOLUTION OF THE TENSIONS IN MEDIA EDUCATION -- INTRODUCTION -- A CANADIAN PERSPECTIVE ON MEDIA EDUCATION -- ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT PRACTICES -- Methodology -- Survey Results -- MOVING BEYOND MEDIA DECONSTRUCTION -- MEDIA RISK REDUCTION PILOT PROJECT -- Methodology -- Results of Media Risk Reduction Pilot Project -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- WHAT IS MEDIA LITERACY: A STUDY OF TEACHERS' PERCEPTIONS OF MEDIA LITERACY EDUCATION IN TAIWAN -- INTRODUCTION -- The Contexts - Two Driving Forces of Media Education -- Media Environment -- The Education Reform -- Discourses of Media Education: Setting the Framework -- The Global Scenarios of Media Literacy Education -- THE LOCAL CONTEXT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE WHITE PAPER ON MEDIA LITERACY EDUCATION -- RATIONALES, RELEVANT RESEARCH AND THE RESEARCH QUESTIONS -- Rationales -- Relevant Research.

Why increase media literacy? -- How to think about media literacy -- Mass media industries: historical perspective -- Mass media industries: the economic game -- Mass media audience: industry perspective -- Mass media audience: individual perspective -- Mass media content -- Mass media effects -- Springboard

Contributor Biographies -- Introduction / Carola Richter and Claudia Kozman -- 1. Lebanon: A Faltering Mesh of Political and Commercial Interests / Sarah El-Richani -- 2. Syria: A Fragmented Media System / Yazan Badran -- 3. Palestine: Resilient Media Practices for National Liberation / Gretchen King -- 4. Jordan: Media's Sustainability during Hard Times / Basim Tweissi -- 5. Iraq: Media between Democratic Freedom and Security Pressures / Sahar Khalifa Salim -- 6. Saudi Arabia: From National Media to Global Player / Marwan M. Kraidy -- 7. United Arab Emirates: Media for Sustainable Development / Mohammad Ayish -- 8. Qatar: A Small Country with a Global Outlook / Ehab Galal -- 9. Bahrain: Media-Assisted Authoritarianism / Marc Owen Jones -- 10. Kuwait: From "Hollywood of the Gulf" to Social Media Diwaniyas / Fatima Alsalem -- 11. Oman: Time for Fundamental Changes / Abdullah K. Al-Kindi -- 12. Yemen: Unsettled Media for an Unsettled Country / Abdulrahman M. Al-Shami -- 13. Egypt: A Divided and Restricted Media Landscape after the Transformation / Hanan Badr -- 14. Sudan: Media under the Military-Democratic Pendulum / Mahmoud M. Galander -- 15. Libya: From Jamahirization to Post-Revolutionary Chaos / Carola Richter -- 16. Tunisia: The Transformative Media Landscape after the Revolution / Noureddine Miladi -- 17. Algeria: The Costs of Clientelism / Nacer-Eddine Layadi and Abdelhak Bouifer -- 18. Morocco: Competitive Authoritarianism in Media Reforms / Bouziane Zaid and Mohammed Ibahrine -- Conclusion / Carola Richter and Claudia Kozman -- Acknowledgements -- Index.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- The Authors -- Table of Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- General Introduction -- 1. General Background of the Country -- I. Political and Legal System of the Country -- A. State -- B. Provincial, Municipal and Regional Self-Government -- 1. Municipalities -- 2. The Åland Islands -- 3. The Sámi People -- II. Geography, Population, and Culture -- 2. The Media Landscape -- I. Historical Background -- A. The Press -- B. Broadcasting -- II. Overview of Media Markets and Main Actors -- III. Infrastructure -- IV. Developments on the Media Markets -- V. The Social Media Landscape -- 3. Sources of Media Law -- I. Legislation: Finland -- A. Constitution -- B. Legislation -- C. International Conventions -- D. Court Practice -- 1. General Information -- 2. Supreme Court -- 3. Supreme Administrative Court -- 4. The Parliamentary Ombudsman -- 5. Finnish Legal Science -- Part I. Freedom of Expression -- Chapter 1. General Introduction -- 1. Constitutional Framework -- 2. Restrictions -- Part II. Regulation of Journalism and (Print) Media -- Chapter 1. The Profession of Journalism and Technology Neutrality -- 1. Notion -- 2. Subsidies to the Press -- Chapter 2. The Rights of Journalists -- 1. Role of Journalists as Watchdogs of Society -- 2. The Independence of Journalists -- 3. Journalists' Right to Protect Their Information Sources -- Chapter 3. The Liability of Journalists -- 1. Normal Criminal Liability -- 2. Dissemination of Information Violating Personal Privacy -- 3. Defamation -- 4. Ethnic Agitation -- 5. Editorial Misconduct -- 6. Web Discussion Forums -- 7. Instigation and Abetting -- Chapter 4. Right of Reply -- 1. General Introduction -- 2. Right of Reply -- 3. Correction -- 4. Common Issues on Right of Reply and Correction.

Ovaj rad pruža detaljnu analizu teorija medijskog izbora informacija, istražujući kako različiti aspekti unutar medijskih organizacija utječu na selekciju i prezentaciju vijesti. Fokus je na tri glavna pristupa: gatekeeping teorijama, teorijama o informacijskoj vrijednosti vijesti i framing konceptima. Gatekeeping teorije istražuju ulogu pojedinaca unutar medijskih kuća (npr. urednika, novinara) koji odlučuju o sadržaju koji će biti objavljen. Teorije o informacijskoj vrijednosti vijesti koncentriraju se na karakteristike koje informaciju čine privlačnom za javnost, poput aktualnosti, geografske blizine, i značaja događaja. Framing koncepti bave se interpretativnim okvirima kroz koje medijski djelatnici odabiru i oblikuju informacije, oslanjajući se na zajedničke društvene i kulturne obrasce. Rad naglašava da nijedan od ovih pristupa samostalno ne može objasniti složenost medijskog izbora informacija. Integracija različitih teorijskih pristupa pruža bogatiji uvid u mehanizme koji oblikuju medijske sadržaje, reflektirajući složenu dinamiku između individualnih, institucionalnih, sadržajnih i društveno-kulturnih faktora. Kroz ovu sintezu, rad ukazuje na ključnu ulogu medijskih organizacija u oblikovanju informacija koje dosežu javnost, te na njihov utjecaj u oblikovanju društvenih i kulturnih narativa.

This essay analyzes the body politics at the center of both business services outsourcing labor (also termed affective, immaterial, or communicative labor) and the value-adding digital image in contemporary Indian media. The author uses a "media assemblage" method in this analysis, which brings together a critique of emerging forms of communicative labor, digital image technologies, and the changing capacities of the body, or affect. This paper is concept, following the critical approach methodology, and interprets findings rather than predicts them. Numerous feminist investigations analyzing the potentials within what has been designated traditionally as women's work, have grasped affective labor with terms such as kin work and caring labor. Through an analysis of the Hindi-Bollywood film No Smoking (Kashyap, 2008), and the documentary Office Tigers (Mermin, 2006), the author explores the emergence of a digital vision in the South Asian context through pervasive processes that are "informatizing" various forms of life and work. They correlate the function of this digital vision in both business outsourcing and digital media through analyses of two key modalities: the evolving functionality of information in computer technology; and the modulation of subjectivity in the capacities of attention and sensation of value creation.

The author offers an analysis of forms of U.S. mass culture that support, parallel, or critique official national, regional, and intergovernmental peace policy, prevention, and peacemaking. Major popular culture forms such as film, television, news media, peace parks and public memorials, and peace and justice movements are considered as public discourses influencing and reflecting public understanding of peace and war themes. The discussion includes events following September 11, 2001. World Peace, Mass Culture, and National Policy takes a critical and analytical approach to Washington foreig