Suchergebnisse

Рассматриваются проблемы восстановления в постсоветской России сервитутов как правового института, связанного с частной собственностью на землю. Анализируются различия частных сервитутов, которые являются способом сосуществования частных лиц обладателей недвижимости в условиях плотной застройки и публичных сервитутов. Рассматривается возможность использования земельных участков без их предоставления и без установления сервитута (новация законодательства 2014 года). Делается заключение о том, что сервитут это не благо, а определенное условие, чреватое возникновением конфликтов при сосуществовании владельцев в условиях «стесненности» землепользования, и если имеется возможность обеспечить надлежащую эксплуатацию участка, не ущемляя прав соседних землепользователей, то следует стремиться избегать установления новых сервитутов. ; The problems of reconstruction in post-Soviet Russia easements as a legal institution, associated with private ownership of land. The differences of private easements, which are a way of coexistence of individuals owners of real estate in a dense housing and public easements. The possibility of using land without them and without granting the easement (innovation legislation in 2014). It is concluded that the easement it is not good, and a certain condition, potential for conflict in the coexistence of owners in a «constraint» land use, and if it is possible to ensure the proper operation of the site, without prejudice to the rights of neighboring land users, you should try to avoid the establishment of new easements.

This report proposes to explore partnership dynamics territory labeled on « Politique de la Ville ». From a mission consisting of a diagnosis of youth policies in the territory of Haut-du-Lièvre in Nancy, the author tried to identify issues and constraints around these partnership dynamics. The purpose of the research has focused on understanding the actors of these modes of intervention, the reality of their cooperative practices and relationships / interactions at work in the partnership framework. It appears from the analysis that the intervention context evolving affects collaborative modes and that they are also closely related to the way actors are adapting to it. ; Ce mémoire se propose d'explorer les dynamiques partenariales sur un territoire labellisé Politique de la ville. A partir d'une mission consistant en un diagnostic des politiques jeunesse sur le territoire du Haut-du-Lièvre à Nancy, l'auteur a tenté de dégager les enjeux et contraintes autour de ces dynamiques partenariales. L'objet de la recherche a porté sur la connaissance des acteurs de ces modes d'intervention, de la réalité de leurs pratiques coopératives et des relations / interactions à l'oeuvre dans le cadre partenarial. Il ressort de l'analyse que le contexte d'intervention en constante évolution a des incidences sur les modes de collaboration et que celles-ci sont également étroitement liées à la manière dont les acteurs s'y adaptent.

Arabic language education is the compulsory subject of madrasah. Therefore, it shows there are many innovations to create joyful learning in fulfill students' language competency. This article addresses the dynamic of Arabic teaching and learning in madrasah of Muslim minority environment. With its unique condition, it stimulates efforts to accelerate learning process in bridging the needs of community and class understanding. This article shows that there are three types Arabic language learning. Firstly, the classes were implemented curriculum model which formulated from government policy. Indeed, there are many determinations to enrich learning material to lengthen students' competency. Secondly, the learning applied learning material that constructed through teacher experiences during pre-class observation. Furthermore, they accelerate the current condition through reading and grammar extension outside classroom. Finally, the combination between formal curriculum and textbook enlarge learning opportunity. These three types of experiences constructed due to institutional condition and objectives formulation. The Arabic teaching and learning is a pillar to support other subjects. Moreover, through the acceleration of subjects, Arabic is a foundation to maintain the acquisition of learning material. This article concludes that minority Muslim environment extend opportunities to learn Arabic. On the other hand, teachers and books constraint is not the main difficult. They solve those challenges through collaboration and innovation inter-institution.

A workshop held at the University Medical Center in Groningen, The Netherlands, aimed at discussing the nutritional situation of the population in general and the role diet plays during critical windows in the life course, during which the body is programmed for the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). NCDs are increasingly prevalent as our society ages, and nutrition is well known to play an important role in determining the risk and the time of onset of many common NCDs. Even in affluent countries, people have difficulties to achieve adequate intakes for a range of nutrients: Economic constraints as well as modern lifestyles lead people to consume diets with a positive energy balance, but low in micronutrients, resulting in increasing prevalence of obesity and suboptimal nutritional status. Information about nutrient density, which refers to the content of micronutrients relative to energy in food or diets, can help identify foods that have a low calorie to nutrient ratio. It thus allows the consumption of diets that cover nutritional needs without increasing the risk of becoming obese. Given the impact a nutrient dense, low energy diet can have on health, researchers, food industry and governments jointly should develop options for affordable, appealing nutrient-rich food products, which, in combination with physical activity, allow for optimal health throughout the life-course.

The paper focuses on an analysis of the political project of Belgrade Waterfront as a drastic case of usurpation of formal planning procedures and the role of experts in the creation of planning solutions. As a campaign tool of the ruling political party, this project has evolved into an urban plan of national importance, and substantial modifications to the existing planning system in Serbia have been made to allow it to be achieved. In a completely non-transparent manner, and without professional involvement, changes have been made to the legal framework, system planning hierarchy, competences for planning decision-making, as well as to planning constraints for the site in question. Notwithstanding all these issues, there was no broad-based reaction by experts. The primary objective of this study is to analyse the tone of day-to-day media reporting so as to determine the main stakeholders and how they speak about the project, and, having recognised these interests and power distribution, identify the real views of the profession about the project. Emphasis is placed on discovering the cause behind the lack of response by the profession, in particular in the context in which the planning system operates. Results of this research should indicate the main problems facing the system and, consequently, produce guidelines for its improvement.

This paper analyzes the performance of Tourism Industry in Tanzania based on the Model of Tourism Destination Competitiveness and Attractiveness (TDCA) as proposed by Vangesayi, S (2003). TDCA Model has been derived from the theory of Demand and Supply. The paper used desk research to collect and analyze data. Different information has been extracted from Tanzania Bureau of Statistics and papers from different sources to come out with results presented in this paper. The paper found that Tanzania's Tourism Industry is not absolute attractive and competitive despite of being among world's top seven destinations with abundant in natural resources. Poor tourist infrastructures, poor health services, poor hygienic environment, poor human resource development, less price competitiveness and poor diversification of tourist products are among the factors which constraints the performance of the tourist industry in Tanzania. The paper suggests on diversification of tourist products from Wild Safari in Northern Circuit and pays attention to develop other products such as cultural tourism, beaches, urban tourism found in Southern Circuit. Government of Tanzania should set aside enough funds to develop tourist infrastructures such as roads and airport which seemed to be critical challenges. Promotional campaign should not only focus Europe and United States but also Middle East and Asia and Pacific region.

This study investigated the extent of IFRS compliance and challenges face SACCOS in compliance with IFRS in Tanzania particularly in Shinyanga region. The study was motivated by fact that, since 2004 when Tanzania adopted IFRS to date, cooperative stakeholders are complaining on inability of SACCOS to comply with IFRS. The study used a case study design whereby seven SACCOS were selected from Shinyanga Urban and three SACCOS were selected from Shinyanga Rural, making a total of ten SACCOS surveyed by the study. A total of 80 respondents were selected with each SACCOS being represented by eight respondents.The findings show that there is a high rate of noncompliance of IFRS in SACCOS. Some of the challenges hindering SACCOS to comply with IFRS include; lack of professional accountants, lack of awareness on IFRS requirements, poor legal support, financial constraints and complexity of IFRS.To overcome these challenges, the study recommends the following: the NBAA should establish an awareness programme on IFRS, empower COASCO to conduct monitoring activities on IFRS compliance in SACCOS and encourage SACCOS to employ professional accountants. On other hand, training institutions like MUCCoBS should prepare manuals on IFRS compliance in SACCOS to help SACCOS' staff and members to be conversant with IFRS. Furthermore, the government should establish a legal framework which compels SACCOS to comply with IFRS.

South Sudan faces serious problems of food insecurity due to low per capita levels of domestic food production, periodic droughts, widespread poverty, political unrest, and since late 2013, renewed armed conflict. Agricultural productivity is low, and the country is highly dependent on private-sector imports of cereals (maize, sorghum, wheat, and rice) from Uganda to supply domestic markets. National household survey data indicate substantial diversity in consumption of cereals across households, and our econometric estimates suggest highly price- and income-inelastic demand for the two major cereals, sorghum and maize. Drawing on a review of international experience and the constraints facing South Sudan, we conclude that a national food security reserve (NFSR) system with a small national food security stock is feasible for South Sudan. Cereal stocks would be kept mainly for targeted safety nets and emergency distribution, and market interventions would be limited in scope, in keeping with a long-run goal of market development. Nonetheless, even with a functioning NFSR, promotion of private-sector domestic and import trade will remain crucial for ensuring adequate supplies of grain and food security ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; E Building Resilience; C Improving markets and trade; CRP2; Strategic Food Reserve ; DSGD; MTID; PIM ; CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

[EN] The hypothesis of architectural restoration wants to ensure the conservation and the use of the Royal Citadel through a conscious reinterpretation of the work and a cautious operation of image reintegration. The Royal Citadel of Messina, wanted by the King of Spain Charles II of Habsburg, was designed and built, at the end of the XVII century, by the military engineer Carlos de Grunenbergh. It is a "start fort" located at the entrance of its natural Sickle port, that is a strategic place for controlling the Strait of Messina, the port and especially the people living here. The project is neither retrospective or imitative of the past forms, nor free from the constraints and guidelines resulting from the historical-critical understanding, but conducted with conceptual rigor and with the specific aim of transmitting the monument to the future in the best possible conditions, even with the assignment of a new function. ; Armaleo, F.; Bonna, M.; Bruno, MGI.; Bucca, S.; Cutropia, V.; Fazio, N.; Felice, L. (2015). The Royal Citadel of Messina. Hypothesis of architectural restoration for the conservation and use. En Defensive architecture of the mediterranean: XV to XVIII centuries. Vol. I. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 11-18. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2015.2015.1716 ; OCS ; 11 ; 18

It is commonly observed fact that women, half of the human resource, have been deprived of the opportunities. Recognizing the need of involving women in the political system and ensuring their participation in political process the introduction of reservation policy in favour of women in the Panchayati Raj Institutions has, therefore, been an important government intervention for maximizing the women participation and thereby to improve their status. Hence this paper examines the role awareness, participation process of elected women members, familial support received, the way they manage their household responsibilities, possible areas of blocks and constraints in performing their roles, the awareness on the local self governance and various developmental programmes/schemes , exposure to the capacity building and its impact on their role performance, the nature of public relationship established by them in the public and also their vision on the developmental aspects and suggestions to improve their functioning. 50 women representatives (members) drawn from various Gram Panchayaths in Puttur Taluk are taken through the simple random sampling method for the study. The study revealed that most of the women representatives joined politics who lack previous experience in this domain and thereby find it difficult to make balance between the household chores and tasks at Panchayath. Inadequate political knowledge in roles and communication skill deficiency add to the problem. Better political orientation and training are suggested.

Abstract Militancy has become the major security challenge to Pakistan. Religious, sectarian and ethnic based militancy not only proliferated in the tribal regions of Pakistan but also affected the urban centres. In order to counter the acts of militant, military operations were launched by Pakistan army. In this context, the increasing pace of militancy and counter militancy measures taken by Pakistan since 2003 had a profound influence on Pakistan's relation with Afghanistan, US and India. On the other hand, it also created some incentives and opportunities at the foreign policy and security front in the shape of aid and assistance and its coalition with US. The present study will focus on some research questions. How the issue of militancy affected Pakistan foreign policy? What incentives and constraints were developed on Pakistan's foreign policy due to counter militant measures taken by Pakistan in its tribal areas? How the issue of internal security influence the external relations of Pakistan? How the outcome of militancy and counter-militant measures affected Pakistan's foreign policy? Research suggests Pakistan should highlight its counter militancy measures in international community by media campaign, effective diplomacy at UN and speedy trial of militants in courts to give them a strong message.Key words: Militancy, Counter Militancy, Security, Inter security, Zerb-e-Azb

Good governance developments in Indonesia, further encouraging improvements in many areas of government in Indonesia. One important thing that can be done in the development of good governance is the renewal of the public service. One of the values of good governance is essential to be implemented in the public service is service quality. As with any promotion services provided by the Regional Employment Board of Gunung Mas, good service quality are the expectations of the service users are civil servants who proposed the promotion. Research, seminars and writings of experts on service delivery promotion of civil servants are good quality and havemany. The issue of promotion services qualified civil servants are still not running as it shauld. For the research conducted at the Regional Employment Board Gunung Mas is to see how the quality of service of civil servants promotions given and what are the constraints in service promotion. The maincore of service delivery promotion of civil servants is the timeliness quality of service, things that need to be considered here related to the waiting time and processing time, then the accuracy of service, relating to service reliability and error-free service as well as Ease of Getting Care, associated with a service, a serving officer/administrative staff, support facilities are like computers and others.

In this study, we examine the connection between economic growth and debt, with the question in mind -"Is debt a burden and bad for economic growth? Employing several sophisticated statistical approaches to investigate the problem and to assess the impact of debt on economic growth in 48 countries of Sub-Saharan Africa from 1995 to 2012, we find evidence of Granger causality between debt and economic growth in 8 out of the 48 sub-Saharan countries during the period of study and validate for the existence of "Debt Laffer Curve." We also study the relationship between debt and economic growth rate in Granger causality and Dynamic Arellano-Bond panel data estimation frameworks, and find evidence of a negative correlation between the two variables (Debt and GDP) and confirm the findings by testing several versions of the models. Political decision and economic policy are intertwined and need to be examined carefully when implemented for economic growth and our findings lend credence to the politically unpopular austerity measures (constraints on government spending financed by borrowing). There is a limit to the economic growth rate that the government financed expenditure can bring. If the burden of debt is too high then there is a negative impact of debt on the economic growth.Keywords. Economic Growth, Debt, Laffer curve and Investments.JEL. E20, E60, E24.

Since the beginning of the latest and most convincing phase of transition, Myanmar has emerged as the new possible frontier of economic development in Southeast Asia. Investors, political analysts, businessmen and NGOs alike have all rushed to the country in search of a new El Dorado. Are these hopes justified? Can Myanmar—one of the poorest countries in Asia—start a new phase of economic development which would not only benefit the owners of global capital, but also lift Myanmar's population from poverty? Drawing on the literature on the political economy of institutions and some field research, the paper assesses whether policy choices made by the new government are heading the country in a direction which could generate a 'new miracle' in East Asia. To this purpose, domestic institutional constraints and the system of patronage are examined. Looking beyond the democracy vs dictatorship debate, the paper finds that Myanmar could well start a new phase of economic growth, provided that the government builds a strong vertical and horizontal institutional capacity. However, a more open political environment, and the consequent multiplication of economic interests, could hijack the reform plan the government has adopted, unless these stakeholders are inserted into a coordinated framework revolving around a transformational project of national development.