Suchergebnisse

Buruh kereta api merupakan indikator penting dalam kelancaran aktivitas perkeretaapian. Untuk itu, diperlukan organisasi sebagai penyalur aspirasi buruh. Organisasi buruh kereta api yang terbentuk setelah masa kemerdekaan adalah Persatuan Buruh Kereta Api (PBKA) dan Serikat Buruh Kereta Api (SBKA). SBKA berafiliasi dengan Sentra Organisasi Buruh Seluruh Indonesia (SOBSI) yang berada di bawah pengaruh Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI). Sedangkan, PBKA berafiliasi dengan Kongres Buruh Seluruh Indonesia (KBSI) yang berada di bawah pengaruh Partai Sosialis Indonesia (PSI). Dua organisasi buruh tersebut memiliki rasa permusuhan sejak 1949, sehingga terjadi konflik antara PBKA dan SBKA tahun 1949-1965.Rumusan masalah yang akan dibahas adalah 1) bagaimana latar belakang konflik ideologi buruh kereta api tahun 1949-1965, 2) apa dampak konflik ideologi buruh kereta api tahun 1949-1965, 3) bagaimana upaya penyelesaian konflik ideologi buruh kereta api tahun 1949-1965. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode sejarah. Tahap pertama adalah heuristik, untuk mengumpulkan sumber-sumber. Tahap kedua adalah kritik, untuk menyeleksi sumber yang valid. Tahap ketiga adalah interpretasi yang dilakukan dengan mengaitkan dan menganalisis sumber. Tahap terakhir adalah historiografi, untuk melakukan penulisan kembali hasil interpretasi dalam bentuk skripsi ini.Berdasarkan hasil analisis sumber menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang konflik ideologi buruh kereta api adalah kondisi politik ekonomi Indonesia yang tidak stabil, berdampak pada perkembangan kondisi perusahaan kereta api, sehingga perusahaan kereta api kurang membangun hubungan baik dengan organisasi buruh kereta api. Selain itu, konflik ideologi juga dilatar belakangi oleh keadaan buruh setelah kemerdekaan dimana buruh dipengaruhi oleh ideologi dan partai politik. Kondisi tersebut juga terjadi pada buruh kereta api. Terdapat pengaruh ideologi sosialisme dan komunisme serta partai politik PKI dan PSI.Dampak konflik ideologi adalah hubungan sekunder antara PBKA dan SBKA, rasa permusuhan yang diungkapkan dengan sikap menyalahkan kelompok lain, dan pengembangan media majalah dan surat organisasi sebagai alternatif ungkapan permusuhan yang terlihat pada konflik gagalnya fusi PBKA dan SBKA, isu pemogokan buruh kereta api, dan tuntutan pembubaran PBKA dan pembubaran SBKA. Dampak-dampak tersebut adalah dampak positif karena ketegangan konflik bersifat rendah dan diungkapkan dengan cara yang tidak mengancam dan tidak merusak. Upaya penyelesaian konflik ideologi buruh kereta api dilakukan dengan keputusan sepihak oleh pemerintah dan perusahaan kereta api, sehingga tidak ada perundingan konflik dari PBKA dan SBKA. Konflik ideologi buruh kereta api tidak menimbulkan dampak negative bagi perusahaan kereta api, hal tersebut dapat dilihat bahwa perusahaan kereta api tetap mempertahankan eksistensinya hingga sekarang. Kata Kunci : Konflik Ideologi, Buruh Kereta Api, SBKA, PBKA

Abstract Government effort to develop marine potency in Indonesia constitutes as a breaktrough program that has been waiting for decade. Considering broad of sea region about 70% from total of Indonesian region, it is reasonable that the future of Indonesia economy is in the sea. One of potencial sector that can be developed is sea transportation sector as sea vehicle (ship). A number of national commerce ships was developed significantly more than 100% from about 6,000 units in 2006 to about 12,500 units in 2013. In the future, this may increase faster because of Government policy to strengthen the development of marine economy, to develop marine axis and to develop sea toll. These programes have to be supported by developing shipping industries, in which they can build new ships and for maintenance. To speed up the increase of roll of shipping industries, the cluster of shipping industry may be needed to be developed in some regions. This cluster consists of several related industries that are core industries, supporting industries and related industries. The development of ship industry clusters have to consider potency of region, region development program, value chain industries, and human resources. Government has to give special policies such as fiscal policy and incentive to develop priority industries and ship industry cluster. Abstrak Usaha pemerintah dalam mengembangkan potensi maritim Indonesia, merupakan suatu program terobosan yang telah ditunggu-tunggu sejak lama. MemperhatikaN luas wilayah laut Indonesia yang meliputi +70% luas wilayah nusantara, maka beralasan bahwa masa depan ekonomi Indonesia ada di laut. Salah satu sektor yang sangat strategis dalam pengembangannya adalah sektor transportasi laut yaitu pengembangan industri perkapalan. Jumlah kapal niaga nasional berkembang dari +6.000 unit pada tahun 2005 dan menjadi +12.500 unit tahun 2013 meningkat lebih dari 100%. Hal ini akan meningkat lebih pesat lagi dengan adanya kebijakan pemerintah memperkuat ekonomi maritim, poros maritim dan tol laut. Peningkatan ini harus didukung juga oleh peningkatan industri galangan kapal baik itu untuk keperluan pembangunan kapal baru maupun untuk perawatan dan perbaikan kapal-kapal yang ada. Untuk mempercepat peningkatan peran industri galangan kapal, maka diperlukan pembentukan klaster industri kapal dalam beberapa wilayah. Klaster ini merupakan sekumpulan industri yang terkait baik berupa industri inti, industri pendukung dan industri terkait. Pembentukan klaster industri perkapalan harus mempertimbangkan potensi wilayah, program pengembangan kawasan, rantai nilai, kesiapan SDM. Pemerintah harus memprakarsai kebijakan khusus diantaranya berupa kebijakan fiskal dan insentif untuk mengembangkan industri prioritas dan klaster industri perkapalan.

Eksistensi masyarakat hukum adat telah menjadi bahan perdebatan luas dan menarik perhatian termasuk di kalangan para pakar. Upaya untuk menggali dan menunjukkan kebangkitan masyarakat hukum adat, akan bertolak dari hukum adat itu sendiri yang dalam perkembangannya sebagai salah satu sistem hukum di Indonesia dihadapkan pada tantangan berat. Eksistensi hukum adat cukup lama termarjinalisasi oleh berbagai kebijakan Pemerintah, termasuk dalam peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai hukum positif sekarang ini, bahkan dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut di atas, yang melatarbelakangi permasalahan dalam penulisan ini yakni bagaimana eksistensi masyarakat hukum adat di Indonesia, serta bagaimana penguatan Desa Adat pada Desa, Bentenan, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Dijelaskan bahwa pada penelitian hukum normatif, bahan pustaka merupakan data dasar yang dalam ilmu penelitian digolongkan sebagai data sekunder. Sumber data pustaka atau data sekunder diperoleh dari berbagai bahan hukum yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier atau bahan penunjang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi hukum adat cukup lama termarjinalisasi oleh berbagai kebijakan Pemerintah, termasuk dalam peraturan perundang-undangan sebagai hukum positif sekarang ini. Penghapusan Pengadilan Adat dipertegas pula dengan penghapusannya sebagai Peradilan Negara dalam sistem peradilan di Indonesia, serta menjadi bukti nyata dari politik hukum nasional yang telah menghancurkan eksistensi Hukum Adat sebagai suatu sistem hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia. Di kalangan masyarakat Desa Bentenan, aspek penguatan budaya dan kemasyarakatan tidak lagi dalam kerangka dan struktur sebagai Sistem Hukum Adat yang bertumpu pada adanya Masyarakat Hukum Adat, melainkan lebih memperhatikan aspek Masyarakat Adat belaka. Keberadaan Adat Istiadat sebagai identitas baik identitas budaya maupun warisan nenek moyang yang masih dominan di kalangan masyarakat Desa Bentenan menunjukan penguatan status Desa Bentenan menjadi Desa Adat. Dari hasil penelitian dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pengaturan konstitusional terhadap Masyarakat Hukum Adat dan hak tradisionalnya membangkitkan kehendak untuk kembali mengangkat dan memperjuangkan eksistensinya Masyarakat Hukum Adat sebagai bagian dari Sistem Hukum Nasional. Pengakuan dan pengaturan Desa Adat sebagai jenis Desa di samping Desa itu sendiri dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa kurang mendukung penguatan dan perwujudan eksistensi Hukum Adat. Status Desa Adat dimungkinkan berubah menjadi Desa, sedangkan perubahan status Desa dari Desa menjadi Desa Adat dipersulit oleh peraturan perundangan tentang Desa. Untuk itu keberadaan Adat Istiadat sebagai identitas baik identitas budaya maupun warisan nenek moyang yang masih dominan di kalangan masyarakat Desa Bentenan Kecamatan Pusomaen Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara menunjukan penguatan status Desa Bentenan menjadi Desa Adat.

Abstrak Menurut angka kemiskinan BPS saat ini di Indonesia masih mencapai 11,7% dengan indeks kedalaman kemiskinan meningkat dari 1,75% (Maret 2013) menjadi 1,89%. Kemudian indeks keparahan kemiskinan meningkat dari 0,43% (Maret) ke 0,48%. Garis kemiskinan selama periode dari bulan Maret sampai September 2013 meningkat sebesar 7,85%. Penelitian perlu dilakukan untuk mempercepat proses pengentasan kemiskinan melalui penggunaan teknologi informasi untuk identifikasi dan pemetaan (mapping) berdasarkan Sistem Informasi Geografis (GIS) ke daerah-daerah yang berpotensi orang-orang miskin. Peta visual yang digunakan diambil dari data geospasial Indonesia, Ina Geoportal-(tanahair.indonesia.go.id) yang merupakan solusi dari peta untuk Indonesia dan didukung oleh Pemerintah. Metode Identifikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan AHP (Analytical HierarchyProcess).Desain sistem yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi masyarakat miskin dan penentuan program penanggulangan kemiskinan untuk wilayah di Kabupaten Bantul dan akan divisualisasikan dalam bentuk pemetaan potensi daerah miskin berbasis sistem informasi geografis (SIG) disajikan secara online melalui web. Sistem ini adalah untuk mengoptimalkan dampak program pengentasan kemiskinan yang disediakan oleh pemerintah dan swasta sehingga peningkatan ekonomi dapat dicapai danKemiskinan akan berkurang hingga dibawah 10%Kata kunci: AHP, Bantul, pemetaan wilayah, identifikasi kemiskinan, SIG.Abstract According to current BPS poverty rate in Indonesia is still reached 11.7% with poverty depth index increased from 1.75% (March 2013) to 1.89%. Then the poverty severity index increased from 0.43% (March) to 0.48%. Poverty lines throughout the period from March to September 2013 increased by 7.85%. Research needs to be done to accelerate the process of poverty reduction through the use of information technology for the identification and mapping (mapping) based on Geographic Information System (GIS) to areas that potentially have the poor. Visual maps used are taken from Indonesian geospatial data, Ina-Geoportal (tanahair.indonesia.go.id) which is a solution of the map to Indonesia and supported by the Government. Identification method is done by using AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process).The design of the system resulting from the research is believed to be used for identifying the poor and the determination of appropriate poverty reduction program for the region to be visualized in the form of mapping potential areas of poverty-based geographic information system (GIS) is presented online via the web. This system is to optimize the impact of poverty alleviation programs provided by the government and private sector so that economic improvement can be achieved and poverty will be reduced to below 10 percent.Keywords: AHP, Bantul, territory mapping, identification of poverty, SIG.

Management of Foreign Capital Investment establishment in export trading service in Indonesia is referred to Republic Indonesia Act Number 25 of 2007 concerning Foreign Capital Investment in Chapter IV Legal Formation, Position and Area Business, as listed in Article 5 point 2 mentioned that: the company intended in Article 1 which runs its business wholly or mostly in Indonesia as a unit of company must be in the form of legal body of Indonesian law and has its registered office in Indonesia. The legal body existing in Indonesia as listed in Article 1 of RI Act Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Partnership is defined as legal body established based on agreement that conduct business activity where its all basic capital divided into dividend and fulfills requirement as determined in this Act as well as implementation regulation.The policies of legal instruments done by BKPMD/BPM in increasing foreign capital investment climate in the field of export trade, the policies taken by BPM Bali Province for the sake of attracting investors for their investment in Bali in general, so BKPMD Bali Province still refers to Deputy Letter of National Entrepreneurship Development, BPM Number S-35/DU-5BKPM/2001 such as: in promotion and international cooperation of capital investment, covering: promotion implementation of local capital investment both domestic and foreign ones, material availability of local capital investment in term of printing media, collaboration between provincial and center government in implementing local capital investment, partnership implementation, cooperation with third parties as the step promotion to abroad, mission delivery to abroad, acceptance of capital investment mission from other areas and abroad, collaboration with foreign countries as long as no violation to center government, agreement preparation for the sake of sub regional cooperation, socialization to government staff and business body in term of capital investment, other authorities as long as no violation with policy of center and local governments. The field of license service of capital investment covers: agreement given to all projects and expansion of PMDN under responsibility of provincial and center governments, agreement given to PMDN project amendment, license issuance, vacancy license given for foreigners who work in a city or regency, incentive given limited to authority, implementation of other authority, in addition there is another step taken by BPMD of Bali Province in increasing investment is through creation of healthy investment competition, especially in trading conducted by tariff deduction and less administration as well as conducting illumination.

Indonesia, as a developing country, is currently facing a tremendous challenge. Global era can be an opportunity, a challenge, as well as a threat. In this globalization era, known as economic liberalization or free trade in services in particular labor. Indonesian workers are expected to be able to compete with workers from other countries. To meet the challenges of globalization workforce, the government has prepared MP3EI (Master Plan for the Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia's Economic Development) which is not based on common business. MP3EI is a government program that is made by considering the various advantages and potential, as well as the development challenges that Indonesia must face. However, in the implementation of the strategic role of MP3EI, there are still problems in terms of human resources, science and technology. Education focuses mainly on Java, less access to education, use of science and technology training, lack of infrastructure investment training. Therefore, we need a concrete solution in optimizing regional autonomy to address the education gap in each corridor, develop the concept of "one corridor, one potential school corridor". This concept is expected to optimize each economic corridor, regeneration and gradual training for cadres training centers, increasing government and private partnership (PPP) in infrastructure investment in training through the implementation of regional autonomy.Indonesia sebagai bangsa yang sedang membangun, saat ini sedang menghadapi tantangan yang luar biasa. Era global dapat menjadi peluang, tantangan, sekaligus juga menjadi ancaman. Dalam era globalisasi yang dikenal dengan liberalisasi ekonomi atau perdagangan bebas khususnya bidang jasa tenaga kerja. Tenaga kerja Indonesia dituntut harus mampu bersaing dengan tenaga kerja dari negara lain. Untuk menjawab tantangan globalisasi tenaga kerja yang ada, pemerintah telah menyiapkan MP3EI (Masterplan Percepatan dan Perluasan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia) berbasis not business as usual. Dimana MP3EI merupakan program pemerintah yang dibuat dengan mempertimbangkan berbagai keunggulan dan potensi yang dimiliki, serta tantangan pembangunan yang harus Indonesia hadapi. Akan tetapi dalam pelaksanaan peran strategis MP3EI ini masih terdapat kendala dalam segi kemampuan SDM dan IPTEK seperti, masih terfokusnya pendidikan di koridor ekonomi Jawa, masih lemahnya akses pendidikan di masing-masing koridor, rendahnya kaderisasi pelatihan, rendahnya pengunaan IPTEK dalam pelatihan, rendahnya investasi infrastruktur pelatihan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan solusi nyata seperti optimalisasi otonomi daerah untuk mengatasi kesenjangan pendidikan di masing-masing koridor, mengembangkan konsep "one corridor one potential school" untuk mengoptimal­kan masing-masing koridor ekonomi, regenerasi kader dan pelatihan bertahap untuk calon kader pelatih balai latihan kerja (BLK), meningkatkan kerja sama pemerintah dan swasta (KPS) dalam investasi infrastruktur pelatihan melalui implementasi otonomi daerah.

The Mw = 9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 generated a tsunami that affected the entire Indian Ocean region and caused approximately 230 000 fatalities. In the response to this tragedy the German government funded the German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) Project. The task of the GEOFON group of GFZ Potsdam was to develop and implement the seismological component. In this paper we describe the concept of the GITEWS earthquake monitoring system and report on its present status. The major challenge for earthquake monitoring within a tsunami warning system is to deliver rapid information about location, depth, size and possibly other source parameters. This is particularly true for coast lines adjacent to the potential source areas such as the Sunda trench where these parameters are required within a few minutes after the event in order to be able to warn the population before the potential tsunami hits the neighbouring coastal areas. Therefore, the key for a seismic monitoring system with short warning times adequate for Indonesia is a dense real-time seismic network across Indonesia with densifications close to the Sunda trench. A substantial number of supplementary stations in other Indian Ocean rim countries are added to strengthen the teleseismic monitoring capabilities. The installation of the new GITEWS seismic network – consisting of 31 combined broadband and strong motion stations – out of these 21 stations in Indonesia – is almost completed. The real-time data collection is using a private VSAT communication system with hubs in Jakarta and Vienna. In addition, all available seismic real-time data from the other seismic networks in Indonesia and other Indian Ocean rim countries are acquired also directly by VSAT or by Internet at the Indonesian Tsunami Warning Centre in Jakarta and the resulting "virtual" network of more than 230 stations can jointly be used for seismic data processing. The seismological processing software as part of the GITEWS tsunami control centre is an enhanced version of the widely used SeisComP software and the well established GEOFON earthquake information system operated at GFZ in Potsdam (http://geofon.gfz-potsdam.de/db/eqinfo.php). This recently developed software package (SeisComP3) is reliable, fast and can provide fully automatic earthquake location and magnitude estimates. It uses innovative visualization tools, offers the possibility for manual correction and re-calculation, flexible configuration, support for distributed processing and data and parameter exchange with external monitoring systems. SeisComP3 is not only used for tsunami warning in Indonesia but also in most other Tsunami Warning Centres in the Indian Ocean and Euro-Med regions and in many seismic services worldwide.

The Mw = 9.3 Sumatra earthquake of 26 December 2004 generated a tsunami that affected the entire Indian Ocean region and caused approximately 230 000 fatalities. In the response to this tragedy the German government funded the German Indonesian Tsunami Early Warning System (GITEWS) Project. The task of the GEOFON group of GFZ Potsdam was to develop and implement the seismological component. In this paper we describe the concept of the GITEWS earthquake monitoring system and report on its present status. The major challenge for earthquake monitoring within a tsunami warning system is to deliver rapid information about location, depth, size and possibly other source parameters. This is particularly true for coast lines adjacent to the potential source areas such as the Sunda trench where these parameters are required within a few minutes after the event in order to be able to warn the population before the potential tsunami hits the neighbouring coastal areas. Therefore, the key for a seismic monitoring system with short warning times adequate for Indonesia is a dense real-time seismic network across Indonesia with densifications close to the Sunda trench. A substantial number of supplementary stations in other Indian Ocean rim countries are added to strengthen the teleseismic monitoring capabilities. The installation of the new GITEWS seismic network – consisting of 31 combined broadband and strong motion stations – out of these 21 stations in Indonesia – is almost completed. The real-time data collection is using a private VSAT communication system with hubs in Jakarta and Vienna. In addition, all available seismic real-time data from the other seismic networks in Indonesia and other Indian Ocean rim countries are acquired also directly by VSAT or by Internet at the Indonesian Tsunami Warning Centre in Jakarta and the resulting "virtual" network of more than 230 stations can jointly be used for seismic data processing. The seismological processing software as part of the GITEWS tsunami control centre is an enhanced version of the widely used SeisComP software and the well established GEOFON earthquake information system operated at GFZ in Potsdam (http://geofon.gfz-potsdam.de/db/eqinfo.php). This recently developed software package (SeisComP3) is reliable, fast and can provide fully automatic earthquake location and magnitude estimates. It uses innovative visualization tools, offers the possibility for manual correction and re-calculation, flexible configuration, support for distributed processing and data and parameter exchange with external monitoring systems. SeisComP3 is not only used for tsunami warning in Indonesia but also in most other Tsunami Warning Centres in the Indian Ocean and Euro-Med regions and in many seismic services worldwide.

Indonesia ranks 124th out of 180 countries in the 2019 Global Press Freedom Index, West Papua (meaning the two provinces of Papua and West Papua) as the most closed region to foreign media coverage. There are patterns of threats that implicate the safety and security of local journalists in the territory. A clearing house, an intricate red-tape system, was re-introduced in May 2019 to screen foreign journalists coming to the region of West Papua. Once a permit is granted, security forces supervise the selected journalists during their work in the region. Over the past 10 years, there have been two deaths, multiple assaults, arrests on local journalists and deportations of international journalists. Most of the cases remain open with no clear investigation process. Disinformation using bogus online media disrupts the work of legitimate news sources. There is no freedom of expression or freedom of information in West Papua.

There have been debates on how political corruption may affect foreign direct investment (FDI) attractiveness. Some scholars argue that corruption increases economic uncertainty due to arbitrariness and thereby affects FDI negatively. On the other hand, another group of scholars contends that corruption leads to greater FDI because it can create a business environment that is more friendly to foreign investors. In this article, we empirically test the relationship between the level of corruption and FDI attractiveness in eight non-OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) Asian countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Thailand) using data for the perceived corruption level (according to the International Country Risk Guide data set) available from Political Risk Services, a private international investment risk service company, for 1984-2004. The analysis reveals that corruption in non-OECD countries in Asia generally harms FDI attractiveness. Adapted from the source document.

Drawing on fieldwork in Iraq, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines, Nationalism, Language, and Muslim Exceptionalism compares the politics of six Muslim separatist movements, locating shared language and print culture as a central factor in Muslim ethnonational identity.

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This week in Australian foreign affairs: Albanese off to Indonesia, the Philippines, and India next month; Pacific Rugby League Championships established; Australia hosting Exercise Malabar for the first time; Japan-Australia RAA enters into force; and more.

In response to the ongoing COVID-19 surge in Indonesia, President Joko Widodo has enacted the strictest lockdown policy since the pandemic began 18 months ago. Jokowi seems increasingly concerned that the surge could threaten his political legacy.

Bemerkenswert ist, dass die PDIP (Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan — Megawati Sukarnoputri) im Vergleich zur Parlamentswahl 1999 circa 15 Prozent der Stimmen verloren hat. Im Gegensatz dazu konnte Golkar (Golongan Karya — Wiranto) ihren Stimmanteil fast halten und hat nur 0,88 Prozent abgeben müssen. Damit ist Golkar mit 21,57 Prozent stärkste Partei im Parlament.