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Integrating theories about discourse (Discourse Studies; DS) with social science theories allows to grasp the dynamic and fluid co-construction of European identities, both top-down and bottom-up. Such interdisciplinary approaches systematically deconstruct the everyday workings of European institutions and support our understanding of the impact of traditional and social media in their production and reproduction of pro-European or Eurosceptic sentiments and attitudes. In this chapter, I first present some important characteristics of Discourse Studies and Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), specifically of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA). I then, secondly, summarize the most relevant discursive research based on a range of theories and methodological approaches on European integration. Thirdly, I illustrate the interdisciplinary nexus of discourse-oriented European studies with a case study on the mediatization and politicization of the refugee crisis in Austria, from 2015-2016. I specifically focus on legitimation strategies and argumentation schemes which accompany the implementation of ever more restrictive policy decisions.

A review essay on books by (1) Richard Collins, Media and Identity in Contemporary Europe: Consequences of Global Governance (Bristol, UK: Intellect, 2002); (2) Paulette Kurzer, Markets and Moral Regulation: Cultural Change in the European Union (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge U Press, 2001); & (3) Chris Shore, Building Europe: The Cultural Politics of European Integration (London: Routledge, 2000). 7 References. Adapted from the source document.

Examines the political strategies that have led to the continuing integration of the European Union (EU) during the 1980s & 1990s. A prerequisite to these efforts is found in a series of institutional & procedural reforms -- eg, the majority voting procedure, the structure of the resource system, & the Court of Justice -- undertaken within EU institutions in the early 1980s. It is suggested that these reforms led to the passage of the Single European Act, in whose success the strategy of equivalence, the return of a majority voting procedure, & the principle of mutual interests played important roles. These successes, however, were only partly reflected in the Treaty of Maastricht, which has been plagued by a crisis of confidence in the concept of multilateralism & a resurgence of renationalization of policy making. Positive & negative assessments of the new process of complex integration in light of this climate are made. Finally, it is asserted that future integration will take the form of one of two scenarios: either a consolidation of Maastricht, or its quick & sharp revision. D. M. Smith

"Iceland and European Integration" published on by Oxford University Press.

Abstract
The story of European integration has been transformed by recent scholarship, from a heroic and progressive narrative towards a more nuanced version emphasising interaction between individuals, institutions and Member States – with no pre-defined trajectory. This article reviews the key works which have reshaped the historiography of European integration

Intro -- Table of Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures and Tables -- Notes on Contributors -- Introduction: Key Controversies in European Integration -- Can the EU survive? A community between crisis and revival -- The scholarly debate -- Structure and scope of this book -- 1: The European Union: Success or Failure? -- 1.1 Why Europe works -- Europe as a peacemaker -- Europe as a global leader -- Europe as an institutional model -- Conclusion -- 1.2 The rise and fall of the EU -- Historical record: good and bad -- A fatal crisis for the EU -- The end of EU-led integration -- Conclusion -- 2: More Powers for Brussels or Renationalization? -- 2.1 A stronger, more supranational Union -- Two levels of authority -- Conflicts between levels - a renationalization of powers to the member states? -- Conflicts within levels - a return to intergovernmentalism at the EU level? -- Conclusion -- 2.2 The new intergovernmentalism and European integration -- A new intergovernmentalism -- The integration paradox -- Deliberative intergovernmentalism -- A distinct period in EU integration -- Intergovernmentalism and the EU's disequilibrium -- Conclusion -- 3: How Democratic Is the EU? -- 3.1 The inevitability of a democratic deficit -- Democracy 'of' and 'by' the people: 'no demos' vs demos creation -- Democracy 'for' the people: regulatory and deliberative -- Conclusion -- 3.2 A democratic achievement, not just a democratic deficit -- Ought the EU be democratic? -- View 1: Member state democracies could exert more control over the Union -- View 2: The Union's own political system could be more democratic -- View 3: A limited but useful form of democratic control -- Conclusion -- 4: Too Much Power for the Judges? -- 4.1 Understanding the European Court's political power -- The European Court steps into a political vacuum.

Integrating theories about discourse with social science theories allows to grasp the dynamic and fluid co-construction of European identities, both top-down and bottom-up. Such interdisciplinary approaches are able to systematically deconstruct the everyday workings of European institutions, or support our understanding of the impact of traditional and social media in their production and reproduction of pro-European or Eurosceptic sentiments and attitudes. In this chapter, I first present some important characteristics of Discourse Studies (DS) and Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), specifically of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA). I then, secondly, summarize the most relevant discursive research strands on European integration. Thirdly, I illustrate the interdisciplinary nexus of discourse-oriented European studies with a case study on the mediatization and politicization of the refugee crisis in Austria, from 2015-2016

"Switzerland and European Integration" published on by Oxford University Press.

THE AUTHOR LOOKS AT THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS OF THE MEMBER STATES. HE DISCUSSES THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, DIRECT ELECTIONS TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE SINGLE MARKET AND THE SINGLE EUROPEAN ACT, THE TREATY ON EUROPEAN UNION, AND HOW THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS HAVE ADAPTED TO EU MEMBERSHIP. HE HYPOTHESIZES THAT NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS HAVE RESPONDED TO THE CHALLENGES OF EU INTEGRATION BY IMPLEMENTING THEIR OWN INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE.