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Purpose. The purpose of the article is to define main directions and ways to legitimize philosophical ideas of self-determination as a fundamental global and valuable intention of Western culture in the context of its enlightenment paradigm. Methodology. The research is based on historical and logical methods, which allowed to theoretically reconstruct the cultural and historical context, as well as philosophical and theoretical principles of understanding and recognition of self-determination as a phenomenon of Western culture of the Enlightenment age. The authors have used their own theoretical model similar to the one of "ideal type" by. M.Weber based on the methods of generalization, abstraction and idealization, which allowed to present the phenomenon of individualism in the most general form as a system of value orientations of an individual, whose nature is seeking self-determination and originality. Originality. The historical and philosophical analysis has shoяк.wn how the philosophy of the Enlightenment age created moral principles of European culture advancement, especially through rationalization and the idea of political, economic and moral independence of a personality, recognition of rights for own initiative and sovereignty, individual identity as a public good. Thus, the idea of self-determination in this philosophy is related not only to the recognition of human rights, but also to the search of possible ways for a person to embrace current legislative system, harmony conditions and public interests. Conclusions. The philosophy of the Enlightenment has made a significant step toward further development of self-determination concept and its rationalization – separation of freedom and tyranny, new perception of necessary conditions for free self-determination of an individual as the ability to manage own passions and build own life on some rational principles, to refuse from excessive egoism, combining personal interests with the interests of others and public in generally these ideas were performed in the system of philosophical and legal liberalism, which emerged as a result of the synthesis of individualism and rationality concepts, and became an ideological basis for the modernization of Western civilization.

The aim of the paper is to compare television cultures of Yugoslav republics during socialism. The paper is drawing on the recent comparative studies of socialist television in South and East Europe (Perško et al. 2021; Mihelj and Huxtable 2018; Imre 2016). Following the categories developed by Mihelj and Huxtable (2018) and Imre (2016), Yugoslav television cultures are here analysed in terms of a) generic composition and share of program modes, b) the level of transnationalism, c) the level of openness of television to social critique (semi-publicness), c) focus of television on private life (privatization), d) the gendering patterns, e) temporal orientation, f) characteristics of factual, humorous and history genres. Analysis is based on the data collected for the recently published book by Peruško, Vozab and Čuvalo (2021) and original content analysis of the JRT 79 Television Programme booklet, with a short description and basic info about the program that was shared within the JRT network. The result discerns differences between republic televisions (especially TV Ljubljana, TV Zagreb and TV Novi Sad) in program development toward neo-television, such as the differences in transnational orientation, temporal orientation, gendering patterns.

This article is a literature study (library research), which aims to assess the qualitative description of the basis of Islamic education Axiological if viewed in the perspective of philosophy of education. To obtain the results of the study, the researcher uses several methods, among others: deductive, inductive, historical, and contextual. The type of research using library research (library research) with descriptive-analytic approach to data (primary and secondary) are qualitative. The results obtained is that Islam is the sistem of values that guide the Islamic way of life, in accordance with the guidance of Allah SWT. Axiology cornerstone of Islamic Education with regard to values, goals, and targets to be achieved in Islamic education. Those values must be included in the curriculum of Islamic education, among others: contains instructions morals; efforts for improving the welfare of human life on earth and happiness in the hereafter; contains endeavor to achieve a good life; contains values that can combine the interests of this world and the hereafter. So axiology Islamic education is understood as the value, benefits or educational function of Islam associated with various things in it. Islamic values that can be obtained from two main sources namely the Qur'an and the Sunnah of the Prophet became a reference of the concepts laden education and moral values of humanity itself. So, will created the order of life "future society" is so envisioned as something new to mankind.

Frontmatter -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Translations of Nietzsche's Writings -- References to Nietzsche's Writings -- Abbreviations and References for Nietzsche -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 The Art of Limited Warfare: Nietzsche's Hammer and the Need to Find a Limit in Negation -- Chapter 2 Nietzsche's Agon and the Transvaluation of Humanism -- Chapter 3 Performing the Agon: Towards an Agonal Model for Critical Transvaluation -- Chapter 4 The First Transvaluation of All Values: Nietzsche's Agon with Socrates in The Birth of Tragedy -- Chapter 5 Agonal Configurations in the Unzeitgemässe Betrachtungen: The Problem of Origins, Originality and Mimesis in Genius and Culture (Nietzsche and Kant) -- Chapter 6 Of (Self‐)Legislation, Life and Love -- Chapter 7 Law and Community in the Agon: Agonal Communities of Taste and Lawfulness without a Law -- Chapter 8 Nietzsche's Agon with Ressentiment: Towards a Therapeutic Reading of Critical Transvaluation (Nietzsche and Freud) -- Chapter 9 Umwertung: Nietzsche's 'War-Praxis' and the Problem of Yes-Saying and No- Saying in Ecce Homo -- Agon-Related Publications by the Author -- Bibliography -- Name Index -- Subject Index

In this highly original study, Nuccio Ordine uses the figure of the ass as a lens through which to focus on the thought and writings of the great Renaissance humanist philosopher Giordano Bruno. The donkey played a prominent role as a symbol in sixteenth-century literature, and for Bruno the ass and human asininity became a recurring motif in his writings. Ordine offers the first analysis of Bruno's use of this complex symbol, which encompasses contradictory characteristics ranging from humble and hardworking to ignorant and idle. The result is a deeper understanding of Bruno the philosopher, along with a stronger appreciation of Bruno the literary artist.Ordine looks especially closely at Bruno's use of the figure of the donkey in his attacks on the theologies of both the Reformation and the Counter Reformation, and in issues that have become modernist concerns. Ordine's analysis sheds light on each of the major themes of Bruno's philosophy: science and knowledge, myth and religion, language and literature.Widely acclaimed when it was first published in Italian in 1987, Ordine's book is now available in English for the first time, bringing his intriguing insights to a new readership

Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1: Is There a French Philosophy of Technology? General Introduction -- 1.1 We Have Never Been Philosophers of Technology -- 1.2 Technique and Technology -- 1.3 An Emerging Community -- References -- Part I: Negotiating a Cultural Heritage -- Chapter 2: Philosophy and Technology in the French Tradition. The Legacy of François Dagognet -- 2.1 Practices and Objects -- 2.2 A Historical Turn -- 2.3 Humans As Technicians -- 2.4 From Technologies to Fine Arts and Social Risks -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: On the Current Uses of Simondon's Philosophy of Technology -- 3.1 Techno-Sciences -- 3.2 Techno-Aesthetics -- 3.3 Techno-Politics -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4: Christianity and the Philosophy of Technology in France -- 4.1 Jacques Ellul's Theory of the Autonomy of "la Technique" -- 4.1.1 Ellul's Aspirations -- 4.1.2 Technique and Disincarnation -- 4.2 Technique and Spiritualization: Marie-Dominique Chenu and Emmanuel Mounier -- 4.2.1 You Said Incarnation? -- 4.2.2 The Spiritualizing Potential of Techniques -- 4.3 Technique and Desire in the Writings of Jean Brun -- 4.3.1 The Technological Spirit -- 4.3.2 From Fascination to Demythification -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 5: Rise of the Machines: Challenging Comte's Legacy with Mechanology, Cybernetics, and the Heuristic Values of Technology -- 5.1 Non-Comtean Insights at the IHST -- 5.2 The Inductive Value of Cybernetics in Postwar France -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: We Have Never Been Wild: Towards an Ecology of the Technical Milieu -- 6.1 Ecology of Nature, Ecology of Technology -- 6.1.1 Two Traditions? -- 6.1.2 Centrality of the Milieu -- 6.1.3 Ecology Against Nature? -- 6.2 From Technical Milieu to Political Ecology (1945-1970) -- 6.2.1 Milieu vs. Environment.

This study, which deals with the author, is the manifestation of scientific and methodological criteria on which formed Ukrainian legal culture. The methodological base regarding the study of philosophy, legal political ideological and theoretical positions were the subject of modern scientific research in the field of philosophy, political science and cultural studies that formed the scientific categories and methods of philosophical and legal analysis. Categorical principle that was the basis for this study is historical - cultural analysis, which specifies the topic of spiritual research side, maturing Ukrainian culture right in the historic plane and using philosophical and methodological apparatus. It was drawn to the factor that the members of the Cyril and Methodius laid the principles of legal culture in Ukraine. Indicated that they perceived critically civilization and its pryvady who poured on people's minds and changed their culture. The forms of social life are the basic features of social and collective coexistence, rationality in household and personal culture of Ukrainian as the root principles of democratic governance, with the right people had a higher law than the decisions of the individual leader, in this world, the person is a civil person who is the political basis for the rule of law. Ukrainian Legal awareness is a hot topic of modern philosophical studies in crisis social and political phenomena. ; Тема данного исследования заключается в проявлении характерных факторов, на основе которых формируется правосознание украинских людей со стороны приобщения методологических, средств в рассмотрении данной темы. Методологической основой изучения философских, юридических политических, исторических принципиально идейно-теоретических положений этой тематики стали труды современных исследователей отечественной философии и культуры, которые формировали научные категории и методики историко-философского и юридического анализа. Методологический принцип, который лег в основу данного исследования, называется логико-исторический анализ, который характеризует рассмотрение темы исследования с позиции духовно-культурного взгляда формирования правосознания украинцев в историко-культурной плоскости и с использованием философско-методологического аппарата. Была обоснована инновационная идея о том, что члены Кирило-Мефодиевского общества создавали теоретическую основу гражданского общества в Украине из элементами форм духовно-моральных стоимостей. Формы общественного сознания имеют элементарные черты общественно-коллективной жизни, рациональности в бытовой и личной культуре среди украинцев, которые обозначились в принципах демократического управления. При этом право народа должно быть высшим законом, чем решения отдельной руководящей личности, ведь личность есть гражданским лицом для создания правового государства. Правосознание украинцев есть актуальной темой философских исследований в условиях кризисных социально-политических условиях. ; Дане дослідження, яким займається автор, полягає у вияві науково-методичних критеріїв, на основі яких формується правова культура українців. Методологічною базою, стосовно вивчення філософських, юридичних політичних ідейно-теоретичних положень цієї тематики стали наукові роботи сучасних дослідників у сфері філософії, політології та культурології, які формували наукові категорії та методики філософського і юридичного аналізу. Категоріальний принцип, який був покладений в основу даного дослідження, є історико - культурологічний аналіз, який конкретизує дану тему дослідження з духовного боку, визрівання правової культури українців в історичній площині та з використанням філософсько-методологічного апарату. Було звернуто увагу на той фактор, що члени Кирило-Мефодіївського товариства заклали принципи правової культури в Україні. Зазначено, що вони критично сприймали цивілізацію та її принади, які впливали на свідомість людей та міняли їх культурне життя. Форми суспільного буття мають елементарні ознаки суспільно-колективного співжиття, раціональності в побутовій та особистій культурі серед українців як укорінення принципів демократичного управління, при цьому право народу повинно бути вищим законом ніж рішення окремої людини-лідера, при цьому, особистість є громадянською людиною, що є політичною базою для створення правової держави. Правосвідомість українців є актуальною темою сучасних філософських досліджень в умовах кризових соціально-політичних явищ.

The school's main core business is teaching and learning. A quality curriculum and effective instructionare key elements to ensure successful teaching and learning in schools (Grigsby et. al. 2010). Thus,various activities and resources established in the schools should be optimized to ensure that teachingand learning are implemented effectively. From the human resource perspective, the main drivers ofsuccessful teaching and learning are teachers. Hence, quality teachers who can perform theirresponsibilities with commitment are prerequisites for successful and excellent education.

This three page document titled "Philosophy of Physical Education" was written by Dr. Peter V. Karpovich in 1937. The document talks about the necessity of Physical Education. He outlines how if one is to prepare for life, to become a "perfect man", one needs both physical and mental growth, and the physical educator can help achieve this. He also talks about how physical activity can stimulate growth, happiness, and circulation. ; Peter V. Karpovich (1896-1975) was born in Russia and trained as a medical doctor at the State Military Academy of Medicine in Petrograd (St. Petersburg), Russia in 1919. Under increasing political and professional turmoil, he fled to Latvia in 1922. In Latvia, Karpovich worked at the Riga YMCA. In 1925, he traveled to the United States to research at Springfield College. While there, he enrolled as a special advanced student and earned a master's degree in physical education. In 1927, while completing his studies, he became a professor of physiology at the college. In the late 1940s, he met and married his second wife, Josephine Rathbone, an acclaimed scholar of physical education and relaxation. From 1961 to 1969, he served as the director of the physiology research laboratory at Springfield College, where he published several seminal books. Karpovich was a founding member of the American College of Sports Medicine and a consultant to many government, private and educational organizations. He remains an internationally recognized pioneer in physical education.

Aus anthropologischer Sicht wird sich mit soziologischen Kulturtheorien auseinandergesetzt. Ausgehend von der Glaubwürdigkeit von wissenschaftlichen Prognosen über die Entwicklung der Biosphäre (Ausdehnung des Ackerlandes, Abholzung der Wälder, Trockenlegung von Feuchtgebieten) werden Aussagen über die kulturelle Entwicklung und Typolisierung thematisiert. Die These ist, daß sich die Ansichten über die ökologische Entwicklung polarisieren. Die Idee ist, diese Ansichten über die Entwicklung der Natur bei der Debatte über die Kultur miteinzubeziehen. Anhand ihrer Stellung zu Entwicklung und Natur sollen die Soziologen sich selbst analysieren und diese Selbstsicht bei der Analyse des Sozialen und der Kultur berücksichtigen. (GF)

A review essay on 7 books about Cold War culture focuses on cultural activities in GB & the US, 1940-early 1960s. Theatrical, cinematic, literary, & broadcast propaganda are analyzed to explore the complex links among government, private business, education, labor, & the media. Differences between Western countries & the Soviet bloc are pointed out, emphasizing the dangers of viewing Western culture only from a Cold War perspective. Although all of the books increase understandings of specific episodes, those based on newly declassified archival materials are especially valuable, & the books by Scott Lucas & Frances Stonor Saunders are particularly effective in shedding new light on the intersection of foreign policy making, domestic politics, propaganda, & culture. Taken together, these volumes show there was little East-West difference in the state's awareness of the importance of culture as a weapon. Although culture was not as tightly controlled, Western governments were ready to spend a great deal of money, time, & energy to shape a cultural landscape that complemented their diplomatic & military actions. J. Lindroth

Within the framework of the INTERACT project, this paper aims to shed light onto a specific facet of the role of sending countries in migrants' integration processes: culture. Culture is analysed as one of the tools that both migrants and countries of origin resort to in order to maintain reciprocal ties after migration. Following a brief presentation of the anthropological and sociological definitions of culture and the consequent notion of 'cultural identity' on which the analysis builds, we study the concrete implementation of these dynamics. In particular, our attention is deployed at three levels: the level of migrants' everyday practices (including the use of the origin language); the policy level (pertaining to both diaspora and integration); and the association level (cultural centres in particular). Through the study of several transversal examples, we consider the broader issue at stake in this paper: the possible connection between migrants' performance in the culture of their country of origin and integration processes. We take into account the European legal framework within which both migrants and national governments function, and the influence it has on discourses and national and international policies addressing integration issues. We reach the conclusion that no causal or univocal link can be established between cultural practices and integration, for several reasons: a variety of factors are at play in integration processes within multi-cultural urban spaces, including socio-economic issues and power relations, which are crucial; culture itself is a changing and combined set of behaviours which determine dynamic and multiple belongings and which need a comprehensive approach; and identities shape the interaction among cultures - which is why we finally state the usefulness of the notion of 'ethnicity'.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Translator's Preface -- Translator's Introduction: A Transcendental Critique of Mythical-Religious Consciousness: Identity-Thinking, the Natural Attitude, and an Immanence in the Sacred Sense of Life -- Translator's Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Introduction: The Problem of a "Philosophy of Mythology" -- Part One: Myth as Thought-Form -- I The Character and Basic Tendency of Mythical Object Consciousness -- II The Individual Categories of Mythical Thinking