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Although a master category of contemporary social and political thought, the conceptual import of colonialism has long been contested. Turning to the political thought of Jawaharlal Nehru, this article reconstructs the surprising, and often surreptitious, intellectual transformations that rendered colonialism into a generic name for European rule over Asia and Africa. It demonstrates how the dual claims of colonialism—a historical reference for the global event of European expansion and a threadbare analytical definition for a particular form of rule—generated a powerful framework in the anticolonial age. While the expanded juridical uses of colonialism in the Cold War era undermined its historical claims, the priority would reverse with its postcolonial re-signification as a shorthand for studying the paradoxes of global modernity. Reframing these debates, this article argues that reflexive navigation between the dual claims of colonialism is key to a capacious appreciation of its historical and normative contentions.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse (2020) reported 85% of the U.S. prison population had a substance use disorder (SUD) or was incarcerated for drug-use crimes. Applying Comprehensive Opioid, Stimulant, Substance Use Program funds, the Palm Beach County Office of Behavioral Health, and SUDs developed a comprehensive person-centered, recovery-oriented approach. This mixed-methods study (N= 36) examined how social capital, housing stability, and recovery-oriented care impacted personal capital, rearrest, and housing stability in criminal-justice-involved individuals with SUDs. Of the 36 participants, 86% (n= 31) did not have a rearrest, and 70% of participants were then employed shortly after their Comprehensive Opioid Stimulant Substance Use Program enrollment. Three major themes emerged from the interviews (n= 8): beginning recovery, peer navigation, and housing stability. This study demonstrates that housing stability, peer-support specialists, and care coordination are vital to increase recovery capital, aiding recovery, and reducing recidivism.

The use of smart technology (ST) has dramatically increased in recent years, with smartphones and tablets affording use in all locations and for innumerable purposes. Consequently, we relate differently to our surroundings – a condition we refer to as 'offline neglect'. This paper reports the results of a qualitative, small-scale project investigating how informants from three European capital cities, Vilnius, Lithuania, Madrid, Spain, and Copenhagen, Denmark, perceive the changes associated with ST-induced offline neglect in the daily navigation of their physical and social environments. Our informants were generally quite verbose about the unwanted side effects of excessive phone use, especially on social relations. Nevertheless, most informants reported experiencing trouble with limiting their ST use although they did point to avoidance strategies. Based on our data, we introduce and discuss the concept of 'reachability' as crucial to understanding the effects of ST use on the social environment.

Abstract
This article analyzes the structure of socially embedded exchange under uncertainty in the context of a community currency system in Germany. We discuss three relational and path-dependent mechanisms—experience-based trust, networked reputation and public reputation—which serve as navigation practices to mitigate uncertainty. We furthermore associate these mechanisms with observable structures of exchange, namely repeated transactions and reciprocity, transitivity and provider activity, and discuss differences in product-inherent uncertainty as a source of variation in network structure. Based on original observations of more than 4000 transactions over a period of 8 years, we use relational event models to demonstrate that the history of transactions exhibits structure consistent with the three hypothesized mechanisms, with some variation across different types of transactions. This variation is partly in line with differences in product-inherent uncertainty, but we also discuss alternative sources of variation related to organizational and institutional conditions of the exchange system.

This article provides a critical analysis of the evolution of the policy, institutional and legislative frameworks impinging on the livelihoods of pastoral communities in the different flanks of the Mediterranean, and of the underpinning narratives, with a view to support a better informed and more consistent policy framework. The Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union is paramount in defining evolving and shrinking pastoralists' room for manoeuvre, not only in Europe but also in its neighbouring regions. In Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, despite a quite un-harmonised and diversified ideological and institutional setting, agricultural policies in the different countries seem to converge to a very similar and consistent framework. Throughout the Mediterranean, the growing compliance with policy measures, institutional regulations and legislative rules have exposed agro-pastoral farms to increasing degrees of uncertainty and dependence on public subsidies, loan schemes and market prices, making their navigation decreasingly sustainable.

The article reveals the main scientific and methodological approaches to solving the problem of successful socialisation of low-mobility categories of children and youth using information educational technologies. The principles of the application of information training technologies for the design and implementation of social and navigation content aimed at the successful socialisation of children and youth in the digital space are substantiated. The importance of creating an information system of tutor support for low-mobility categories of children and youth is shown. The model of the social navigator game content is presented, which includes the implementation of a three-level game educational space – full, reduced and in-depth. The educational material in the social navigator game content model is provided and adapted for low-mobility categories of children and youth in various forms – pictorial, numerical, symbolic and verbal. According to the results of the study, the functions and content components are determined.

AbstractThis article examines the legal and sociopolitical position that Scots held in the English Atlantic world from the union of the crowns in 1603 to the restoration of the Stuart dynasty in 1660. It demonstrates that Scots gained access to colonial opportunities through the royal patronage of James VI and I and Charles I. The policy of those monarchs also largely supported Scottish endeavours in the transatlantic arena: in land ownership, commerce, and colonial leadership. The Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the Commonwealth, and the Protectorate disrupted the colonial opportunities that were opened to Scots in the preceding decades. They lost their access to royal patronage, and the concept of Commonwealth subjecthood displaced the earlier concept of postnati subjecthood. By tracing how concepts of subjecthood developed in this period, the article contextualises the Restoration period when Scots were labelled as aliens in the English Navigation Acts to restrict their access to the English Atlantic.

Abstract
This article considers memories, mementos, and memorialization in stories by unaccompanied young people and their journeys within Europe. It looks at their 'navigation' of remembering and forgetting and how this intertwines with movement and stillness. It is based on a study about Afghan males aged 15–24 years in Norway and Greece. Participants differed in terms of their backgrounds, migration projects, and their legal status. In their various circumstances, their narratives point to how memories unfold, are shared, must be negotiated, and sometimes, forgotten as they navigate towards a sense of safety and a sustainable future. They also point to how mementos may take different forms while on the move, as traces along the migration trail that have the potential to become part of the memories of others who come across them. Finally, their narratives point to practices of memorialization, and how they too are intimately connected to remembering and forgetting.

Newcomers experience a variety of barriers to healthcare services. The study objective is to identify newcomers' healthcare barriers. During 2014-2015, we conducted in-depth interviews with service providers, and newcomer parents who had been in Saskatchewan for under 5 years. Primary themes include: 1) navigation difficulty, 2) limited awareness, 3) language, 4) interpretation and translation, 5) health benefits, 6) service limitations and stigma, 7) gender and cultural concerns, 8) health attitudes and beliefs, and 9) work demands. The results exposed service gaps and suggest options to improve access to healthcare. Consideration should be given to the development of formal processes to ensure the provision of information concerning healthcare and health benefit programs, as well as responsive healthcare services, including convenient primary healthcare sites that offer comprehensive care in a culturally responsive manner with embedded interpretation services to ensure that the Saskatchewan healthcare system does not perpetuate or create health disparities.

Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) and Automatic Radar Plotting Aids (ARPA) are commonly used to detect targets for collision avoidance. However, AIS cannot detect targets without AIS transmitters and ARPA has limitations due to blind sector and small targets may not be detected. Advances in computer performance and video-based detection generated much interest in developing intelligent video surveillance systems to achieve autonomous navigation. To develop a reliable collision avoidance system, we propose the use of a visual camera for real-time object detection and target tracking. Moreover, the system should follow the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) to avoid catastrophic accidents. In this paper only a part of the system is presented. For real-time object detection, the You Only Look Once (YOLO) ver. 3 convolutional neural network is used, and the target tracking filter based on a Kalman filter with built-in estimated relative position and velocity.

We use end-of-life decision making as a case for examining processes of gatekeeping in medical settings. End-of-life is an exemplar in a broader context of research in professionalized and institutionalized medical settings. Influences of biomedicalization, increases in consumer (patient) options, decreases in physician authority, and a proliferation of treatment options all contribute to a context in which ethnographic study of medical settings is more complex, more urgently needed, and potentially more difficult at the same time. Building on existing literature, we suggest that gaining access to a research site is less a matter of entrée through a gate and more a long-term navigation of a dynamic social web of actors, relationships, and organizations. Further, we borrow from Nader's (1974) concept of 'studying up' to examine how elite power processes may be reflected in gatekeeping. Our discussion of lessons learned considers methodological and conceptual implications with broad relevance for qualitative researchers.

The article's aim is to illustrate the intersection of Sport Diplomacy and Sport for Development approaches. The value of exploring this relationship is to realise the potential contribution of sport diplomacy to the practitioners and policy makers within the sportscape, including those addressing Sport for Development SfD, in providing the skills and tools to critically reflect on their own practices and more effectively operate in the diplomatic realm. Sport diplomacy provides a set of navigation skills to enhance practitioner's abilities to operate across the sportscape. The practice of sport diplomacy aggregates different stakeholders and their non-aligned goals into contextually defined and aligned purposes. It recognises simultaneous relationships across several realms, and provides a principal explanatory tool for previously unrealized discourses across a network of networks. The article's analysis demonstrates the coexistence of complimentary and conflictual interests and practices: challenges arise, as well as opportunities for future alignments and complimentary practices.

This project follows the story of Reira Isla, a princess coming of age in an isolationist, and very conservative, kingdom. Her tale explores the expansive effects of religion on society and how it is capable of influencing social norms, relationships, and politics without directly intending to. The goal of writing Reira and the society she inhabits is to deconstruct biases related to religion and analyze how it influences all aspects of life. This, in turn, will bring awareness of these issues in the real world to the audience. The major focus of the story involves closely following characters and their navigation of their identities in relation to the world around them. While religious bias is the main theme, religion also bleeds into social issues related to race, gender, and the LGBT+ community. Reira's story, in particular, focuses on how a queer, mixed race woman in a position of power navigates her identity through social expectation and prejudice.

In the process of the continuous development and improvement of modern military systems, military unmanned vehicles play an important role in field reconnaissance and strategic deployment. In this paper, the precise tracking algorithm of a military unmanned vehicle, based on GPS navigation, is studied. Firstly, the optimal preview point is obtained according to the data points of a differential GPS signal. Secondly, the pure tracking algorithm is used to calculate the demand steering angle, and a variable universe fuzzy sliding mode controller is designed to control the lateral motion of the vehicle, which is verified by the joint simulation platform of Simulink and CarSim, under multiple working conditions. Finally, the actual vehicle is verified by using the Autobox platform. The results show that the lateral motion control of path tracking designed in this paper can achieve an accurate and effective control effect, and has real-time performance for engineering applications.

In mobile robotics research, the exploration of unknown environments has always been an important topic due to its practical uses in consumer and military applications. One specific interest of recent investigation is the field of complete coverage and path planning (CCPP) techniques for mobile robot navigation. In this paper, we present a collaborative CCPP algorithms for single robot and multi-robot systems. The incremental coverage from the robot movement is maximized by evaluating a new cost function. A goal selection function is then designed to facilitate the collaborative exploration for a multi-robot system. By considering the local gains from the individual robots as well as the global gain by the goal selection, the proposed method is able to optimize the overall coverage efficiency. In the experiments, our CCPP algorithms are carried out on various unknown and complex environment maps. The simulation results and performance evaluation demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed collaborative CCPP technique.