Suchergebnisse

In the article the analysis of problems in the field of political management in modern Russia is carried out. Initially, the author considers the possibility of explaining the nature of these problems through the theory of the "Resource curse", but it allows only updating the vulnerable areas of the system of political governance in our country, without identification of their nature. The author highlights such aspects of the current state of the political system of Russia, as ethno-federalism, its risks in modern conditions, state capitalism and examines its manifestations in the economy and politics of the country. From the author's point of view, the analyzed theory of "resource curse" cannot fully explain and solve the multidimensional problems of political management of modern Russia. There are deeper and more systematic characters than a statement about possession of hydrocarbon resources, the sale of which is in the ground budget replenishment. The attention is focused on the fact that one of the weak points in the political management of modern Russia is a decreased credibility and role of the Parliament, as well as the weak institutionalization of small and medium businesses. The factor causing destabilization of social relations and inefficiency of the system of state administration in the Russian Federation is an established model of ethno-federalism - "Matreshka". Such system of administrative and territorial structure of the country decreases the values of the statehood. The author highlights that the article largely reflects the positions of those political scientists who try to go beyond logical, but at the same time limited postulates of liberal theories when searching for a way out from difficult socio-political situation in the country. These concepts are ideologized and cannot escape the temptation of stigmatization of Russia as a country "cursed" by its natural resources. (author's abstract)

This article attempts to use three case studies of labor organizations to explain the uncertainty of informal politics in China. Because informal rules are naturally vague and uncertain, the tactical interactions between government agencies and civic groups become unbalanced. Uncertainty in informal politics in China is almost inevitable.

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies and The Division of Languages and Literature of Bard College.

The rising importance of dimensions such as age, gender, nationality, ethnicity, political attitudes, and multiple choices to organize the notion of "life course" has made the older class concept appear obsolete to the research sociologist. My thesis is that the current expanding discussions of life styles are not necessarily a substitute but a valuable supplement to social stratification theory. Life style research can contribute to the question of the relevance of the class concept. The result of my investigation shows that life style research, when connected to the writings of Thorstein Veblen, Georg Simmel, and Max Weber, can enrich research in the social sciences.

A longitudinal study of 25 families, with children aged 14 months—5 years, in joint custody, is reported. Varying motivations that lead divorcing parents to undertake and sustain joint custody are discussed, together with the stresses and gratifications of these arrangements for the parents and children. Findings are that where both parents are motivated primarily by interest in the child, where the parenting is sensitive and where the child is shielded from interparental conflict, young children do well. Such families were not the majority in this study. Significant differences emerged in the adjustment of the 1–3 age group as compared with the 3–5 age group which point to greater difficulties for the 3–5 year‐olds.

International audience ; Military vehicles carry out defence and training functions; however, they also participate extensively in military operations apart from war, such as supporting citizens in emergency situations. Nonetheless, they continue to contribute to pollution, and carbon emissions in Chile have doubled in recent years. Thus, this study seeks a partial solution to this problem, extending the useful life of an archetypal military vehicle, i.e. AIL Storm internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), 4.0L gasoline, through its conversion into an electric vehicle (EV) using lithium-ion batteries. AIL Storm ICE emissions are compared with an equivalent EV conversion prototype, analysing the CO2 emissions of the EV charged from the Chilean electricity grid or from a solar photovoltaic charging station, taking advantage of the high levels of solar radiation in Chile. This studied model obtains a travel cost of 0.04USD/km in the "electric grid charge mode" and 0.02USD/km in the "Solar power station charge mode", affecting the environment with 155kgCO2 emissions per year of use. In the future, technologies to manufacture or assemble lithium batteries must be developed in the Chilean market. Given the availability of this mineral in Chile, this step would reduce costs and make electric mobility more attractive and affordable.

International audience ; Military vehicles carry out defence and training functions; however, they also participate extensively in military operations apart from war, such as supporting citizens in emergency situations. Nonetheless, they continue to contribute to pollution, and carbon emissions in Chile have doubled in recent years. Thus, this study seeks a partial solution to this problem, extending the useful life of an archetypal military vehicle, i.e. AIL Storm internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV), 4.0L gasoline, through its conversion into an electric vehicle (EV) using lithium-ion batteries. AIL Storm ICE emissions are compared with an equivalent EV conversion prototype, analysing the CO2 emissions of the EV charged from the Chilean electricity grid or from a solar photovoltaic charging station, taking advantage of the high levels of solar radiation in Chile. This studied model obtains a travel cost of 0.04USD/km in the "electric grid charge mode" and 0.02USD/km in the "Solar power station charge mode", affecting the environment with 155kgCO2 emissions per year of use. In the future, technologies to manufacture or assemble lithium batteries must be developed in the Chilean market. Given the availability of this mineral in Chile, this step would reduce costs and make electric mobility more attractive and affordable.

BACKGROUND: Military operations and training in hot environments present a special set of challenges to medical personnel who must support them. METHODS: Various meteorological parameters such as relative humidity (RH), ambient air temperature (Ta) and radiant temperature (Tg), were evaluated at training sites in a desert region. Development of a colour coded Heat Stress Prevention Decision Aid Tool was done using an existing guideline chart. RESULTS: Temperatures were being recorded routinely by ordinary meteorological instruments mounted within a Stevenson Screen. Onsite measurements with a USB datalogger was found to be relevant in making a decision on suitability of weather for conduct of training. Heat casualties occur when the stresses imposed by some combination of environment, work, and clothing combine to exceed individual tolerance limits. Personnel may encounter high environmental heat loads while working outdoors; during road marches; and while carrying loads or undertaking mechanical maintenance activities. Preventive strategies cannot be expected to eliminate heat stress but should minimize its impact on training while preserving the health of personnel to the extent possible. CONCLUSION: It is recommended that onsite measurement of meteorological parameters should be done, and a decision tool should be utilized for arriving at a spot decision by junior leaders.

We seek to explore the hiring and separation rates in Tunisia before and after the Arab Spring based on quarterly business level data for 503 firms over the span of January 2007 to December 2012. Furthermore, we examine whether employers are willing to dismiss older workers to trigger an effective increase in mobility that will open new opportunities for the youth community. We build our analysis upon six main empirical models to study employment decisions reflected by major indicators such as the number of hiring, number of separations, total employment effects, male-female ratio, age cohorts, labour mobility and net employment. The results show that the Arab Spring has created structural unemployment trends. In addition, we note that the 2008 global turmoil has fostered the firing level of employment. Our conclusions also indicate that the response of Tunisia's government to high unemployment rates caused by the financial meltdown in 2008 and the events in 2011 was not sufficient to remove the attached lingering effects that still distress the country's labour market. In addition, our findings emphasize the significant challenges faced by Tunisian youth that could be mitigated by efficient policy actions to incentivize training and development geared towards the private sector.

Issue ownership theory suggests that candidates should focus on the issues that are owned by—or associated with—their parties and mostly avoid issues that are owned by the opposing party. Doing so allows them to focus on their own party's strengths rather than on their weaknesses. Despite this expectation, contemporary research finds that candidates discuss both their own party's issues and trespass by talking about issues owned by the opposing parties. I argue that issue ownership cues—subtle information cues linking candidates to parties through the discussion of party-owned issues—should have heterogeneous effects across partisan groups. Using a survey experiment, I show that copartisans prefer candidates who focus on issues owned by their parties while opposing partisans prefer candidates who trespass; independents' preferences do not appear to shift in response to these cues. It thus appears as if cuing people to connect candidates to one party or the other can inform citizens' levels of support for those candidates. Depending on the composition of the electorate, trespassing can be an advantageous strategy for candidates.

Abstract
Emirati students at public universities have a wide demographic of faculty members teaching them courses in their second language, English. These faculty members bring with them their own cultural assumptions, epistemologies and use of language which at times are in stark contrast to those of the students.
The aim of the research is to shed light on the effects that a multicultural faculty have on a monocultural student body and vice versa. This study looks at both faculty and students' perceptions of public tertiary education in the UAE. Namely, the research questions surround themes regarding the benefits and pitfalls of multiculturalism in a university environment.
Contentions are made based on qualitative data received regarding the levels of intercultural competence of both faculty and students. Noted are the importance of intercultural competence, how and why it is significant to have not only as a globalized member of a multicultural teaching faculty but how and why it is a central skill the fresh graduates must develop during their undergraduate careers.

PurposeThis study aims to examine the performance of environmental, social and governance (ESG) equity indices in Latin America (LA), evaluating their risk-return characteristics in comparison to conventional benchmark indices.Design/methodology/approachUsing a quantitative empirical approach, the authors analyze ESG equity indices from Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Peru and Colombia, employing metrics such as Sharpe, Sortino and Omega ratios to measure risk-adjusted returns. Regression analysis is employed to assess the replicability of ESG indices by benchmark indices. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to explore the potential increase in risk-adjusted returns when ESG equity indices are incorporated into portfolios.FindingsThe study addresses critical questions for investors: Can ESG indices outperform their benchmarks? Can these ESG indices be replicated by benchmark counterparts? Do ESG equity indices enhance portfolio diversification? The findings reveal that investing in ESG indices has the potential to enhance risk-adjusted returns and portfolio diversification.Research limitations/implicationsWhile this study focuses on various LA economies, it's important to note variations in currency and volatility.Practical implicationsFor investors in LA, this study highlights the importance of considering ESG indices as part of their investment strategies. While not all ESG indices outperform conventional ones, some may improve diversification and risk-adjusted performance. Investors should carefully assess market-specific conditions and national factors when making investment decisions.Originality/valueThe primary contribution of this study is its focus on LA countries in the examination of diverse portfolios. The research provides valuable insights into the performance of ESG indices in this region compared to conventional benchmark indices. This approach addresses an important gap in the existing literature and offers a more comprehensive perspective on ESG investing and portfolio diversification.

Section- I- Introduction: 1: Urbanism and Sustainable Development: A Dynamic Approach: Vasco Barbosa, Aldo Alvarez Risco -- Section-II –Urban and Smart Cities Land use Dynamics and Changing Biodiversity: 2: Problems of Habitat Destruction and Shrinkage of Wetlands, Change in Forest Cover: Nestor Asiamah,James Hayes -- 3: Resource Allocation, Depletion and Changing Urbanization and Future Smart Cities: Mohamed Elhoseny, Beata Wieteska-Rosiak -- 4: Urban and Smart Cities Changing Bio-diversity related to Water Scarcity and Flood using of geospatial technology- Case Study: Rostam Saberifar -- 5: Remote sensing and GIS-based study on Soil Erosion, Land Contamination, Land Degradation and Smart Cities: Narsimha Adimalla -- Section-III –Climate Change and Urban and Smart Cities Health and Waste Management: 6: Web-based Analysis of Air, and Water Pollution in Urabn and Smart Cities- Case Study: G.K. Panda, Sailesh Samanta -- 7: Smart Cities and Associates Solid Waste, Bio medical Waste, E-Waste issues and Management: Md. Atiqur Rahman,Jogesh Laishram -- 8: Smart Cities and Associated Problems of Temperature increase and heat island, Issues Related with Global Warming using spatial information: Abul Basar, Nils Ruther, Ashwani Tiwari -- Section-IV –Advances on Urbanism and Smart Cities Socio-Environmental Perspectives -- 9: Urban Population Growth, Urban Sprawl, Smart City and Associated Problems: Meysam Argany, Clement Chipenda -- 10: Artificial Intelligence and Urban Hazards, Smart City Environment and Societal impact: V.Kasthuri Thilagam,Uday Chatterjee, B. Chakraborty -- 11: Using Geospatial Application and Urban/Smart CityEnergy Conservation- Case study: Scott Berson, Jorge Cerda -- Section -V –Urban Environmental Management, Solutions, and Sustainable Smart Cities: 12: Urban Ecosystem Services, Environmental Planning, and Smart Cities Management: Jay Mittal, Madhuri Sharma -- 13: Smart Cities Urban Governance, Green Space and Policy Planning to Achieve Sustainability: Anthony Mushinge, V.Kasthuri Thilagam -- 14: Smart City Planning and Management and Internet of Things (IoT): Somnath Ghosal, V.R. Sumathi -- 15: Sustainable Smart City Planning, Innovation, and Management: Adekunle Olusola Adeyemo, R.M.K.Ratnayake -- 16: Future Strategy for Sustainable Smart Cities: Dinesh Kumar Kandaswamy, Ahmed Alhuseen, Amir Shakibamanesh -- Section-VI- Conclusions: 17: Concluding Chapter: Uday Chatterjee, Madhuri Sharma, Sushobhan Majumdar, Jay Mittal.

Multiple regression procedures were used to assess the unique and incremental variance in job satisfaction and life satisfaction that could be accounted for by different sets of variables. A probability survey of 1041 adults indicated that work-related variables influence general life satisfaction and that extra-workplace variables influence job satisfaction.

In China there is less inequality in the fortunes than in the conditions of men. Property in land has been divided into very moderate parcels, by the successive distribution of the possessions of every father equally among his sons. It rarely happens that there is but one son to enjoy the whole property of his deceased parents; and from the general prevalence of early marriages, this property is not often increased by collateral succession. These causes constantly tend to level wealth; and few succeed to such an accumulation of it as to render them independent of any efforts of their own for its increase. It is a common remark among the Chinese that fortunes seldom continue [to be] considerable in the same family beyond the third generation.