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Armed groups have played a predominant role in the violations of international humanitarian law and international human rights law committed in conflict settings. The increase in the number of non-international armed conflicts during the past decades has emphasised the need to address the multiple legal challenges posed by the actions of armed groups. In particular, there is considerable uncertainty regarding the framework of responsibility for armed groups in international law. While much has been written regarding their international (primary) obligations, the possibility of developing a responsibility framework for armed groups under international law has been underexplored. Consequently, the aim of this book is to examine how the principles of international responsibility could be developed and adjusted to account for armed groups as collective entities.00This general aim has been divided into three specific objectives. First, the book analyses the concept of responsibility in international law and assesses the legal and practical reasons in favour of developing such a regime for armed groups. Second, it examines the viability of establishing a responsibility regime for armed groups based on rules of attribution. Third, it explores the possible legal consequences of responsibility applicable to armed groups, with a particular focus on the obligation to provide reparations to victims. In doing so, this book will argue that certain non-traditional sources of international law could be used to interpret and adapt international law to the current conditions of contemporary armed conflict

In Seeking Refuge: Central American Migration to Mexico, the United States, and Canada, María Cristina García evaluates the United States' response to political and military upheavals in Central America in the 1980s. García explains that both international and domestic law demanded that the United States provide refugee status to individuals with a "well-founded fear of persecution." She suggests that, because it played a significant role in creating these refugees, the United States had an even greater responsibility to provide for their refuge. This Book Review evaluates the failure of U.S. law and policy to realize even the minimal standards established under international agreements with regard to the protection of refugees. In examining the situations in Central America in the 1980s and Iraq now, it concludes that the United States must fulfill its obligations under international law without regard to whether the United States contributed to the refugee-creating crisis.

The State of Qatar, the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee (AALCC), in cooperation with the Secretariat of the United Nations and Frère Cholmeley (Paris) organised the Conference on International Legal Issues Arising under the United Nations Decade of International Law in Doha, Qatar on 22--25 March 1994. Around 60 speakers and 200 participants from more than 40 nations freely expressed their views on the progressive development of international law and its codification with a view to States' actions in the future adhering to the principles of international law as enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations. The subjects dealt with by the Conference had one thing in common: they were all topical issues or, in French, `des questions d'actualité', and will remain thus throughout the United Nations Decade of International Law. The various themes were Environmental Law, the Law of the Sea, the Settlement of Disputes, Humanitarian Law, and the Rio Conference, Post-Rio and the New International Economic Order. This book which contains the Conference proceedings will be of great interest to lawyers specializing in international law. The book is not only a photograph of some very important issues as they existed and were perceived in 1994, it will also serve as a reference book and a unique tool which will be indispensable to understanding some of the most crucial legal problems with which the world community is faced today

Preliminary Material /Ying-Jeou Ma --Prompt Release of Fishing Vessels: The Hoshinmaru and Tomimaru Cases (Japan v. Russian Federation) and the Implications for Taiwan /Yann-huei Song --Adapting to the New System: Taiwanese Political Parties' Legislative Candidate Selection in 2008 in Comparative Perspective /Dafydd Fell --Coalition-Building as Taiwan's Strategic Option in the WTO Lawmaking Negotiations /Hsu-hua Chou --The Diplomatic Batt le between Beijing and Taipei in Latin America and the Caribbean /Mario Esteban --Free Trade Agreement between the Republic of China (Taiwan), the Republic of El Salvador and the Republic of Honduras /Kevin Chun-Ming Chen --A Comparative Study of Fair Use between Taiwan and the United States and Future Legislative Suggestions to Taiwan /Kuang-Wei Chueh --Kuang Hua Liao (Kokaryo) Case /Chun-i Chen --International Humanitarian Law: Contemporary Issues and New Challenges, September 29, 2007 /Pasha L. Hsieh , Max Liu , Tsung-Hui Danny Wu , Pei-Lun Tsai , and Ta-Chuan Tseng --Contemporary Practice and Judicial Decisions of The Republic of China Relating to International Law, 2007 /Chun-i Chen , Pasha L. Hsieh , Chun-Liang Lai , I-Hon Hsiao , Yun-Pei Tu , Ta-Chuan Tseng , and Yufan Li --Treaties/Agreements and Official, Semi-Official or Unofficial Agreements Concluded by The Republic of China with Other Countries in 2007 /Chun-i Chen and Ta-Chuan Tseng --Table of Cases /Ying-Jeou Ma --Index /Ying-Jeou Ma --Guidelines for Submitting Articles to The Chinese (Taiwan) Yearbook of International Law and Affairs /Ying-Jeou Ma.

This book studies the Irish law dating from AD 697, called Lex Innocentium or the Law of the Innocents. It is also known as Cáin Adomnáin, being named after Adomnán (d. 704), ninth abbot of Iona, who was responsible for its drafting and promulgation. The law was designed to offer legislative protection for women, children, clerics and other non-arms-bearing people, primarily though not exclusively, in times of conflict. It will be of interest to historians, both professional and lay, in many fields, with special relevance for historians of warfare, the laws of war, and of attitudes towards violence in general. The study seeks to identify the place of this law in the history of the laws of war and, in so doing examines many of the relevant sources in the Christian West, with conclusions that some will find surprising