Suchergebnisse

In questa tesi si analizza la critica sociale nel pensiero di Pier Paolo Pasolini. Lo scopo principale della tesi è mostrare e avvicinare al lettore le idee principali della critica della società di Pasolini e i suoi pensieri originali. La tesi comincia con i fatti biografici di Pier Paolo Pasolini perché la sua vita privata e inseparabile dalla sua vita intellettuale. Dopo si mostra la critica sociale che si basa sul romanzo Teorema, i suoi saggi, articoli giornalistici e interviste dove si mettono in campo i suoi pensieri su (anti)fascismo, capitalismo, potere, politica, alienazione e decadenza dell'uomo e della società e molti altri fenomeni e problemi sociali con i quali si è venuto alle prese. Alla fine si affronta con il problema della critica della borghesia in un modo dettagliato dove si rivelano la miseria e splendore falso, come la borghesia, così tutta la società. ; U ovom radu se analizira društvena kritika u misli Pier Paola Pasolinija. Glavni cilj rada je prikazati i približiti čitatelju temeljne ideje Pasolinijeve društvene kritike i njegove originalne misli. Rad počinje s biografskim podacima o Pier Paolu Pasoliniju jer je njegov privatni život neodvojiv od intelektualnoga. Nakon toga se donosi Pasolinijeva društvena kritika koja se gradi na primjeru romana Teorema, na njegovim esejima, kolumnama, intervjuima u kojima se iznose njegovi pogledi na (anti)fašizam, kapitalizam, moć, politiku, otuđenje i propadanje čovjeka i društva i mnoge druge društvene pojave i probleme s kojima se uhvatio ukoštac. Na kraju rada se detaljnije pristupa problemu malograđanske kritike gdje se otkriva bijeda i lažni sjaj, kako malograđanštine, tako i cijeloga društva. ; This paper analyzes the social criticism and the thoughts Pier Paolo Pasolini. The main aim of the paper is to present and elucidate to the reader the basic ideas of Pasolini's social criticism and his original thoughts. The paper opens with Pier Paolo Pasolini's biographical information since his private life is inseparable from the intellectual. Subsequently, Pasolini's social critique is presented, built on the example of the novel Theorem, his essays, columns and interviews outlining his views on (anti) fascism, capitalism, power, politics, alienation and decay of man and society, and many other social phenomena and problems that he himself has tackled. Later, the problem of the bourgeoisie critique is approached in detail, where misery and false splendour are revealed, both of the bourgeoisie and the entire society.

The research problems of this study are the difficulties in the explanation of the phenomenon of reading in its accelerated transformations by quantitative sociological methods, because of failure to comply with a number of factors: first, the social aspects of the purchase, consumption and possession of reading materials have not yet been reading; second, reading is both asocial and social activity; third, the reader is not social status, social class, social group or social role. Author's hypothesis: the most accessible and authoritative audience methods for study of the reading – sociological research methods, are unable to disclose the specifics of the reader and reading, they provide limited data only on the outer side of the reading activity, for its quantitative indicators but do not reach to the knowledge about the nature and the reasons both for the reading and not reading. The object of this study is the use of sociological research methods in the study of the reader and the reading. The purpose is to reveal the problems generated by the classical sociological research methods, which fed up the mainstream negativity towards the contemporary reading and hinder his objective knowledge. Methodology/approach: The study was conducted by critical analytical and synthetic approach, which involves a systematic review, comparative analysis of terminology and concepts and educational integrated research on the topic "Does my microgroup read?" among Bulgarians over 14 years (2003–2017). Findings: There have been found 15 disadvantages of the sociological methods of the study of reading, as a result of which, science can get a false picture of the reading situation of local and global level. These disadvantages are as follows: 1) research vs. survey, 2) sociological propaganda, 3) the effect of the crowd, 4) fear from the reader, 5) unrecognition of snobbery towards reading and the books, 6) connotations of the word "reading", 7) literature vs. book, 8) the index "free time", 9) reading in the consumer modality, 10) reading as demonstrative consumption, 11) undefined "reader", 12) the respondent lie, 13) the respondent resistance, 14) the prejudice "compulsory for reading", 15) absence of axiological balance. As an alternative to the sociological methods for obtaining of objective results in the study of the reading and the readers is proposed the integrated approach between qualitative sociological methods and the methods of cognitive neuroscience and bibliopsychology.

Ehrenamtlichkeit en vogue ? ExpertInnen-Diskurs am Beispiel der ehrenamtlichen psychosozialen Sozialbegleitung des Vereins pro humanis leben.helfen.Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Stellenwert des Ehrenamtes in der Steiermark. Fakt ist, dass in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen Menschen zu finden sind, die ehrenamtlich tätig sind. Politik, Religion, Sport, Katastrophenhilfe, soziale Dienste sind nur ein paar Gebiete unserer Gesellschaft, in denen man sich freiwillig engagieren kann und es auch viele Menschen in Österreich machen. Die Mikrozensus-Zusatzerhebung von Statistik Austria im 4. Quartal 2006 ergab, dass etwas mehr als 3 Millionen Menschen in Österreich ihr Engagement unentgeltlich anderen zu Gute kommen lassen (vgl. Rameder/More-Hollerweger 2009, S. 51). Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist, einerseits die Position des Ehrenamtes in der Gesellschaft des Landes Steiermark allgemein festzustellen. Andererseits zielt die Forschung darauf ab, den Stellenwert der ehrenamtlichen Sozialbegleitung für Menschen mit psychosozialen Problemen anhand des gemeinnützigen Vereins pro humanis leben.helfen. heraus zu finden. Anhand von ExpertInnen-Interviews, mit VertreterInnen des Landes Steiermark, SozialarbeiterInnen und FachärztInnen bzw. TherapeutInnen, und Gruppendiskussionen mit ehrenamtlichen SozialbegleiterInnen des Vereins pro humanis leben.helfen. wird im zweiten Teil der Arbeit der Stellenwert des Ehrenamtes und der ehrenamtlichen Sozialbegleitung im Land Steiermark geklärt und Theorien gegenübergestellt, die im ersten Abschnitt der Arbeit dargelegt wurden. ; Volunteering en vogue ? experts discourse on the example of voluntary psychosocial social support of the association pro humanis leben.helfen.This master thesis is dealing with the importance of volunteering work in Styria. It is a fact that volunteers are working in various areas of society. Politics, religion, sports, emergency relief or social work are only a few areas in our society, where volunteers can become active.The micro census additional elevation of statistics Austria in the 4th quarter of 2006 resulted that more than 3 million people in Austria are volunteering in their leisure time to support other people (Rameder/More-Hollerweger 2009: 51). On the one hand it is the aim of this thesis to research the importance of volunteer work in the society of Styria. On the other hand the research also tries to find out the importance of voluntary social support for people with psychosocial problems from the organization pro humanis leben. helfen. The importance of volunteer work and social support in Styria ? as second part of the thesis ? will be discussed with the help of interviews from experts such as representatives of the Styrian government, social workers and medical specialists as well as therapists and group discussions of volunteers of the association pro humanis leben.helfen. The second part of this work clarified the importance of volunteering and voluntary social support in Styria. In this part theories from the thesis? first section will be compared and furthermore discussed. ; vorgelegt von Sigrid Lauko ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache ; Graz, Univ., Masterarb., 2012 ; (VLID)224734

Manchester, England, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, are what sociologist Jerome Hodos calls second cities & mdash;viable alternatives to well-known global cities such as London and New York. In Second Cities, Hodos considers how Manchester and Philadelphia have confronted problems of globalization over the past two centuries. This thought-provoking, comparative look at these cities examines their histories, economies, migration patterns, cultural innovations, transportation planning, and self-identities. Hodos demonstrates not just how the two cities are positioned in global flows of capital, go

Die Arbeit enthält Aussagen zum Umfang und Niveau des Geschichtsbewußtseins der Jugendlichen in der zweiten Hälfte der 80er Jahre sowie seiner Bedingungen und Beziehungen zu anderen relevanten Einstellungs- und Verhaltensbereichen der jugendlichen Persönlichkeit. In die Pilotstudie wurden 394 Lehrlinge, v.a. aus der metallverarbeitenden Industrie und der Energiewirtschaft, darunter 97 Lehrlinge mit Abiturausbildung einbezogen und 106 Studenten der Sektionen Journalistik und Wissenschaftlicher Kommunismus als Kontrastpopulation. Schwerpunkte der Untersuchung sind: (1) politische Interessen und politisches Denken bei Lehrlingen; (2) politische Ereignisse und Prozesse, die die Lehrlinge und Studenten besonders bewegen; (3) Perspektivbewußtsein der Lehrlinge; (4) persönliche Erfahrungen der Lehrlinge; (5) DDR und BRD im Vergleich bei den Lehrlingen. Die Arbeit zeigt Probleme der befragten Lehrlinge auf und leitet Konsequenzen für die politisch-ideologische Erziehung der Jugend ab. (OC)

Der Ort der evolutionären Psychologie im Spannungsfeld zwischen Wissenschaft, Gesellschaft und Ethik wird erörtert. In verschiedenen evolutionären Ansätzen wird versucht, menschliches Verhalten, Denken und Erleben als funktionale Größe zu erklären, die unter evolutionshistorischen Bedingungen durch Selektion als adaptive Struktur entstanden ist; überdauert haben jene Merkmale, die am besten zur Weitergabe von Genen unter gegebenen Umweltbedingungen und in erfolgreicher Anpassung an diese beitragen konnten. Dieses Forschungsparadigma stieß auf Kritik. Auseinandersetzungen werden anhand der Untersuchung von Lüge und Moral bei Tier und Mensch (Sommer), der ethnologischen Forschung zu Aggressivität bei Stammesgesellschaften (Chagnon) und der Forschung über Geschlechtsbeziehungen (Trivers/Buss) exemplifiziert. Als Auslöser werden die Übersetzung von Gut-Schlecht-Sollens-Dichotomien in evolutionshistorische und funktionale Wahr-Falsch-Erklärungs-Dichotomien und der ubiquitäre Erklärungsanspruch herausgearbeitet. Probleme, Grenzen und Chancen evolutionärer Ansätze werden aus binnen- und metawissenschaftlicher Perspektive diskutiert.

Der Autor kommentiert die Referate und Diskussionen auf dem 21. Deutschen Soziologentag in Bamberg, die sich in der These zusammenfassen lassen, dass auf der Ebene konkreter empirischer Analysen die Existenz einer gesellschaftlichen Strukturkrise keineswegs evident, aber auch nicht ganz auszuschließen ist. So lassen sich in vielen gesellschaftlichen Teilbereichen gegenwärtig Entwicklungen mit einem beträchtlichen Krisenpotential beobachten, die es möglich machen, dass Prozesse sozioökonomischen Strukturwandels, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten relativ spannungsfrei abliefen, in Zukunft deutlich größere Friktionen, Probleme und Konflikte erzeugen werden. Die Krisenpotentiale von Entwicklungen in wichtigen Teilbereichen (oder auch im Verhältnis zwischen verschiedenen Teilbereichen) der Gesellschaft können nach Meinung des Autors zwar als Illustration für die These eines historischen Strukturbruchs im Sinne einer Krise der "Arbeitsgesellschaft" oder des "Vollbeschäftigungskapitalismus" genutzt, aber keineswegs als Beweise hierfür herangezogen werden. Der Autor diskutiert vor diesem Hintergrund die Zukunftsperspektiven von soziologischer Forschung und Theoriebildung. (ICI2)

Musculoskeletal discomforts and disorders cause serious health related problems that affect the mental well-being of farmers reducing their work efficiency and thus, hindering to achieve a sustainable agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the discomfort levels of farmers in Indian agriculture leading to mental stresses, and for this, the discomfort questionnaire has been applied after carrying out a detailed literature review. With the help of discomfort questionnaire and "Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)", the farmers discomfort levels and their mental stress levels were evaluated. Further by the application of ANFIS, an effort has been made to predict the mental stress of farmers during their work activities in hot-climatic conditions based on the associated parameters like "kcal burnt, Pulse rate, High BP, Low BP, and Temperature", respectively.

Tourism growth has led to a number of environmental damages, with the degradation of the natural heritage, and tourist taxes have become popular to address these environmental problems. This study aims to ascertain if tourists are aware of sustainable tourism issues and willing to pay more for sustainable destinations. To answer this purpose, an empirical study was developed in the Serra da Estrela Natural Park, given its touristic relevance and its contribution to the regional development. The data were obtained through a questionnaire survey. The findings show that tourists are predisposed to pay more for sustainable tourism. These results can help government to define the fiscal policy of the tourism sector in Portugal. They even contribute to the scarce literature that exists on the analysis of tourists' concerns about sustainability and taxation questions.

This article probes the contradictions and unacknowledged risks inherent in the notion of citizenship today. We explore the possible fault lines that citizenship places on the notion of universality, namely the anthropology of contexts in which citizenship and biological self-preservation are being radically decoupled as well as the policies, techniques, and media (biological, health, juridical) through which such decoupling takes place. What concepts have anthropologists brought to the fore to address the emerging "fault lines of survival" embodied in the term citizenship? How have these concepts been taken up, becoming vehicles for resisting, or at least assessing, what has become of citizenship? Moving beyond narrowly conceptualized policy problems and calculations, this article also considers alternative pathways through which the "political" is being mobilized and through which a new politics of rescue appears.

▪ Abstract  This review examines current research in the subfields of anthropology and related disciplines on the biocultural process of breastfeeding and broader questions of infant and young-child feeding. The themes of sexuality, reproduction, embodiment, and subjective experience are then linked to the problems women who breastfeed face in bottle-feeding cultures. Anthropologists have contributed to policy-relevant debates concerning women's work and scheduling in relation to infant care and exclusive breastfeeding. The extensive ethnographic work on children's transition to consuming household foods demonstrates the need to integrate research on breastfeeding with research on complementary feeding. Current debates around HIV and chemical residues in breastmilk call for a critical examination of the effects of globalization and corporate control on infant feeding practices. The literature shows how the narrow specialty of infant feeding has broad implications for the discipline.

"SPSS 11.5 and later releases offer a two step clustering method. According to the authors' knowledge the procedure has not been used in the social sciences until now. This situation is surprising: The widely used clustering algorithms, k-means clustering and agglomerative hierarchical techniques, suffer from well known problems, whereas SPSS TwoStep clustering promises to solve at least some of these problems. In particular, mixed type attributes can be handled and the number of clusters is automatically determined. These properties are promising. Therefore, SPSS TwoStep clustering is evaluated in this paper by a simulation study. Summarizing the results of the simulations, SPSS TwoStep performs well if all variables are continuous. The results are less satisfactory, if the variables are of mixed type. One reason for this unsatisfactory finding is the fact that differences in categorical variables are given a higher weight than differences in continuous variables. Different combinations of the categorical variables can dominate the results. In addition, SPSS TwoStep clustering is not able to detect correctly models with no cluster solutions. Latent class models show a better performance. They are able to detect models with no underlying cluster structure, they result more frequently in correct decisions and in less biased estimators." (author's abstract)

Introduction: Crisis Conditions Require Bold Tactics -- Part I. What is Mutual Aid? -- 1. Three Key Elements of Mutual Aid -- One. Mutual aid projects work to meet survival needs and build shared understanding about why people do not have what they need. -- Two. Mutual aid projects mobilize people, expand solidarity, and build movements. -- Three. Mutual aid projects are participatory, solving problems through collective action rather than waiting for saviors. -- 2. Solidarity Not Charity! -- 3. We Get More When We Demand More -- Part II. Working Together on Purpose -- 4. Some Dangers and Pitfalls of Mutual Aid -- Deservingness Hierarchies -- Saviorism and Paternalism -- Co-optation -- Characteristics of Mutual Aid vs. Charity -- 5. No Masters, No Flakes -- Group Culture -- Making Decisions Together -- Leadership Qualities That Support Mutuality and Collaboration -- Handling Money -- Burnout -- Conflict -- Working with Joy -- Perfectionism -- Mad Mapping -- Conclusion: Everything Is at Stake and We're Fighting to Win -- Resource List.

There are numerous challenges that economies face today. Unemployment has many negative outcomes, with poverty and social exclusion being among the most severe. Due to the pronounced instability of economies in the world, generally as a consequence of the pandemic, the consequences of the war in Ukraine, currency changes, and other social issues, the question is raised as to how many employees are under the potential threat of some type of poverty or unemployment. People who do not have enough resources to meet their material needs can be considered to be living in poverty. Therefore, unemployment is not only a cause but also a consequence of poverty and social exclusion. Social exclusion implies the inability to participate in social, economic, cultural, and political life and can be considered a multifaceted process in which a person's opportunities for employment, access to health care, inclusion in social networks, and other social processes are reduced. This paper aims to analyse the share of people living in poverty and social exclusion in the Republic of Croatia for the period from 2015 to 2021. It also aims to analyse the most frequently used topics discussed in the fields of unemployment as a macroeconomic field and social work as a social field. In that manner, an interdisciplinary approach has been taken. The paper will analyse the trends of the unemployed as a part of the population that, due to non-participation in the labour market, is in potential danger of poverty and social exclusion. Therefore, the tools used in the Republic of Croatia in order to influence the reduction of poverty and social exclusion of unemployed persons are analysed as well as the disproportion expressed at the county level in the Republic of Croatia. Special emphasis is placed on the role of the social work profession in advocating for and representing vulnerable groups and on the measures by which the social welfare system responds to the problems of poverty, social exclusion and, indirectly, unemployment. The paper presents comments and recommendations for potential successful tools for reducing the problem of poverty and social exclusion.