Ethnicity, Urbanity and Political Tolerance in Malaysia
In: International journal of Asian social science, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 12-20
ISSN: 2224-4441
4743 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: International journal of Asian social science, Band 8, Heft 1, S. 12-20
ISSN: 2224-4441
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of the Western Political Science Association and other associations, Band 66, Heft 4
ISSN: 1938-274X
The exploration of the religious underpinnings of intolerance has long focused on the effects of religious behaviors and beliefs, but has ignored a variety of important facets of the religious experience that should bear on tolerance judgments: elite communication, religious values about how the world should be ordered, and social networks in churches. We focus on the communication of religious values and argue specifically that values should affect threat judgments and thus affect tolerance judgments indirectly. We test these assertions using data gathered in a survey experiment and find that priming exclusive religious values augments threat and thus reduces tolerance. Adapted from the source document.
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of the Western Political Science Association and other associations, Band 54, Heft 2, S. 379
ISSN: 1938-274X
In: Social science quarterly, Band 91, Heft 3, S. 724-740
ISSN: 1540-6237
In: The journal of conflict resolution: journal of the Peace Science Society (International), Band 66, Heft 7-8, S. 1208-1234
ISSN: 1552-8766
How does terrorism influence citizens' willingness to deny basic liberties to domestic groups alleged to be "fellow travelers" of the perpetrators of terrorism? Based on intergroup threat theory and social identity theory, we hypothesize that political intolerance toward fellow traveler groups is determined by three factors: (1) the level of terrorism, (2) the degree to which domestic outgroups are alleged to be demographically or politically associated with terrorist groups, and (3) whether individuals identify strongly with the political Right. Consistent with our hypotheses, we find that higher levels of terrorism in Israel over a thirty-year period produce a "diffusion of political intolerance" among Israeli Jews on the Right that extends to domestic groups distant from the perpetrators of terrorism. Our findings have important implications for the study of terrorism, democracy, and political tolerance.
In: American journal of political science: AJPS, Band 36, Heft 2, S. 560
ISSN: 0092-5853
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of the Western Political Science Association and other associations, Band 66, Heft 4, S. 768-780
ISSN: 1938-274X
The exploration of the religious underpinnings of intolerance has long focused on the effects of religious behaviors and beliefs, but has ignored a variety of important facets of the religious experience that should bear on tolerance judgments: elite communication, religious values about how the world should be ordered, and social networks in churches. We focus on the communication of religious values and argue specifically that values should affect threat judgments and thus affect tolerance judgments indirectly. We test these assertions using data gathered in a survey experiment and find that priming exclusive religious values augments threat and thus reduces tolerance.
In: Political behavior, Band 17, Heft 1, S. 23
ISSN: 0190-9320
In: Political behavior, Band 17, Heft 1, S. 23-48
ISSN: 1573-6687
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of Western Political Science Association, Pacific Northwest Political Science Association, Southern California Political Science Association, Northern California Political Science Association, Band 66, Heft 4, S. 768-780
ISSN: 1065-9129
In: Political behavior, Band 13, Heft 3, S. 191-212
ISSN: 1573-6687
In: Political behavior, Band 13, Heft 3, S. 191-212
ISSN: 0190-9320
An exploration of the elitist theory of democracy -- that the commitment of elites to democratic values, eg, political tolerance, is much stronger than is that of the majority of ordinary citizens, & that elites gain this tolerance through various processes: political practice & socialization, resocialization, & experience. These & other hypotheses drawn from elitist theory are tested via analysis of opinion survey data obtained in 1988 by the European Community in 12 member nations (total unweighted N = 9,310 respondents), focusing on political tolerance. The findings suggest several conclusions: elites are not always more committed to democratic ideals than ordinary citizens; in fact, elites are sometimes even less committed, though this appears to be true only in systems with relatively weaker democratic values; & (3) support for the social learning process in explaining political tolerance is limited to younger democratic systems. Given the broad, cross-national perspective of this analysis, it is contended that the findings should be considered in a recasting of elitist theory. 4 Tables, 44 References. Adapted from the source document.
In: American journal of political science, Band 36, Heft 2, S. 560
ISSN: 1540-5907
Once a fully free country according to Freedom House, Indonesia has declined to partly free in the last seven years, indicating that the largest Muslim democracy in the world is deconsolidating. The decrease of freedom in Indonesia is believed to be associated with intolerance toward religious minorities, specifically by Muslims toward non-Muslims. Previous studies found that Indonesians are in general intolerant. However, those studies ignore factors which have the potential to strengthen religio-polititical tolerance. My contribution is to fill this empty space by explaining the intolerance. The potential explanatory factors are political, economic, and security conditions, institutional engagement, political engagement, and democratic values. Based on a nationwide public opinion survey, this study reveals new findings about which factors are more crucial to strengthening religio-political tolerance. Muslim religiosity affects significantly and negatively religio-political tolerance. However, economic, political, and security conditions, institutional engagement, political engagement, democratic values, and Javanese ethnicity more significantly explain the tolerance. If these factors prevail over religion and religiosity, tolerance will improve.
BASE
In: American political science review, Band 76, Heft 3, S. 603-620
ISSN: 1537-5943
Research on political tolerance has made substantial progress in recent years by improving the measures used to gauge public opinion. Much attention has been devoted to developing indicators that control for group affect. Controls for activity affect have not been pursued as vigorously. Indeed, much of the progress has been along the lines of specifying tolerance for unpopular political minorities rather than tolerance for unorthodox or threatening political activities. More generally, tolerance research has not been sensitive to the variety of contextual factors that determine citizen attitudes in civil-liberties disputes.A new approach to measuring political tolerance is presented in this article. The measures developed in this approach disaggregate the traditional measures of tolerance (such as Stouffer's (1955) support for "a communist making a speech in your community"). In particular, scales measuring support for freedom of speech, freedom of assembly, and freedom of political association are presented. As multiple-indicator measures posing conflicts among values, these scales are related to traditional tolerance measures. However, because they reflect the complexity and conflict associated with actual civil-liberties disputes, they will no doubt serve as better predictors of opinions and behaviors in actual disputes.