Suchergebnisse

The wars and armed conflicts have often resulted in violations of international humanitarian law, and often commit the most serious international crimes such as war crimes, crimes against humanity, aggression and genocide. However, only in the XX century the rule was articulated idea of establishing a body of international criminal justice in order to prosecute these crimes and their perpetrators. The first steps in this field have been made by establishing the International military tribunals for war crimes at Nuremberg and Tokyo, and the formation of ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. In the end, The International Criminal Court was established in Rome in 1998 with the aim of justice and in order to give satisfaction the victims of crimes and their families. The aim of the paper was to provide a historical and comparative analysis of the institutions of international criminal justice based on which these institutions de lege lata fulfilled the goals of individual criminal responsibility and justice. Furthermore, the authors suggest de lege ferenda that the Permanent International Criminal Tribunal, in addition to the prospective case, also takes over the current ICTY and ICTR cases.

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- International Food Assistance: -- Better Nutrition and Quality Control -- Can Further Improve U.S. Food Aid( -- Why GAO Did This Study -- What GAO Recommends -- What GAO Found -- Abbreviations -- Background -- Numerous International and U.S. Commitments and Actions Aim to Address the Food and Nutrition Needs of Undernourished Populations -- Funding for U.S. Food Aid Has Generally Increased since 2006 Due to Emergencies, and the Majority of the Food Aid Went to Africa -- U.S. Food Aid Commodities Target Different Groups of Recipients -- during Emergencies -- Multiple Entities Are Responsible for Different Stages in the U.S. Food Aid Supply Chain -- U.S. Food Aid Provides Essential Calories and Other Nutrition during -- Short-Term Emergencies, but May Not Meet the Nutritional Needs of Vulnerable Groups -- U.S. Food Aid for Short-Term Emergencies May Not be Adequate for Protracted Crises, and Various Factors Can Reduce Its Effectiveness -- U.S. Food Aid for General Distribution Provides Essential Life-Saving Calories and Nutrients -- U.S. Food Aid for General Distribution Is Not Always Adequate during -- Protracted Crises -- Supplemental Feeding Programs through Maternal and Child Health and Nutrition Activities -- Specialized Food Products Are being Formulated to Meet Nutritional Needs of the Most Vulnerable Groups, but Are Costly and Difficult to Direct to Intended Recipients -- New Products Are Specially Formulated to Meet the Nutritional Needs of the Most Vulnerable Groups and Their Effectiveness Is under Study -- Specialized Products to Meet the Nutritional Needs of the Most Vulnerable Groups -- Are Costly -- U.S. Agencies and Implementing Partners Face Difficulties in Targeting Specialized Food Products to Intended Recipients -- Recipients Sharing CSB in Ethiopia

Five contributors address issued raised by R. Charli Carpenter's (2002) examination of the adoption of a nonfeminist standpoint in the analysis of gender theory's & feminism's respective roles within contemporary international relations theory. In and International Relations, Terrell Carver highlights key questions that contributors were encouraged to ponder, including (1) the effects of methodological selection on notions of gender, (2) understandings of sex & sexuality that underlie different conceptualizations of gender, & (3) which conceptualizations are particularly relevant to international relations. In Gender/Feminism/IR, Carver considers the implications of adopting a gendered understanding of international relations & examines the intersection of feminism with international relations research. In 'Women's Troubles' Again in IR, Marysia Zalewski investigates the extent to which international relations studies transforms & critiques feminism & contemplates the consequences of international relations' attempt to restrain feminist perspectives. In For a Careful Reading: The Conservatism of Gender Constructivism, Helen Kinsella contends that gender constructivism is a conservative methodological approach that reifies the male/masculinity as universal. She also cautions against the utilization of concretized notions of sex & gender since they prohibit adequate analysis of power-politics relations. In Stirring Gender into the Mainstream: Constructivism, Feminism and the Uses of IR Theory, Carpenter scrutinizes the interaction between feminist approaches to international relations & gender constructivism & articulates the necessity of conducting gender studies from a nonfeminist international relations perspective. 69 References. J. W. Parker

"Linguistic Models in International Studies" published on by Oxford University Press.

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