Suchergebnisse

The most significant development in Europe during the year to mid-2013 occurred shortly after it began, with a declaration from Mario Draghi, president of the European Central Bank (ECB). He said in July 2012: 'Within our mandate, the ECB is ready to do whatever it takes to preserve the euro. And believe me, it will be enough.' While this statement caused a flurry, it would obviously not have been sufficient by itself, after three years in which Europe's authorities had failed to convince the financial markets that the measures they were taking would, indeed, be enough. But two months later, Draghi revealed that the ECB would underpin the debt of any country that undertook satisfactory reform measures, by buying its bonds. The comfort to the markets provided by this guarantee meant that the ECB did not, in fact, have to make any such purchases, because the market interest rates of Spanish and Italian debt fell to such an extent that the need for them to negotiate financial rescues, conditional on economic reforms, receded. Adapted from the source document.

In his regular column for Juncture, John Curtice looks at British public attitudes towards Europe and questions whether apparent moves towards Euroscepticism by politicians and the public are real or just par for the course.

Chapter 1: Attitudes towards English in France -- Chapter 2: images of English in the French press -- Chapter 3: Policies and attitudes towards English in the Faroes today -- Chapter 4: Attitudes towards English language use on Greek TV: a threat or not? -- Chapter 5: Attitudes towards English in university language policy documents in Sweden -- Chapter 6: English as an international language of science and its effect on Nordic terminology: the view of scientists -- Chapter 7: Communicating across Europe: what german students think about multilingualism, language norms and English as a lingua franca -- Chapter 8: It's so natural to mix languages: attitudes towards English-medium instruction in Sweden -- Chapter 9: English as an academic lingua franca in Estonia: students¿ attitudes and ideologies -- Chapter 10: Who owns English in Norway : attitudes and choices among learners -- Chapter 11: Learning English in contemporary Iceland : the attitudes and perceptions of Icelandic youth -- Chapter 12: English in London: opportunity or threat? English and Cypriot Greek in the Greek Cypriot community of North London -- Teaching English to young learners in Europe: teachers' attitudes and perspectives.