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Recommends his brother for position of instructor of the French language.

Asks that the dismissal of cadet Stern Humphreys be reconsidered; offers to be responsible for his future conduct. ; Item is very fragile.

Regarding the dismissal of Richard G. Smith in the absence of Partridge (who was in Washington, DC); apparently Smith was ordered to attend to his studies but instead went deer hunting and was, in many instances, disobedient and disrespectful; John says he has done his work at the academy cheerfully, but has gained the ill will of the townsmen because he has been an undeviating friend to Partridge in all "the little agitations which have been started about the academy"; John can scarce leave the limits of the Academy "ere mutiny stares me in the face"; he does not wish to be appointed acting superintendent again. ; Transcription by Alison Horner. Transcriptions may be subject to error.

Reports incidents at the Academy during Partridge's absence. ; The report is undated.

The research methodology of political power, developed by the representative of the poststrukturalist science M. Fuko was analyzed. The principles of the power analysis that were formulated by the philosopher had been described. The author noted that M. Fuko offered analysis of power based not upon a sovereignty, a state apparatus and an ideology but upon study of basic features of power. The attention was paid to the various manifestations of power, which were formed by different technologies. It was stated that the legal concept of power had been very attractive to researchers,but it did not explain the diversity of the power. It was explained concepts of the disciplinary power and its ability to discover the diversity that was outside the legal discourse. Key words: the power, the disciplinary power, the discourse of power, M. Fuko, the poststrukturalizm. ; Проаналізована методологія дослідження політичної влади, розроблена представником постструктуралістської науки - М. Фуко. Розглядається принципи аналізу влади, сформульовані філософом. Автор зазначає, що М. Фуко пропонує аналізувати владу спираючись не на суверенність, державний апарат й ідеології, а ґрунтуючи дослідження на основних рисах влади. Значна увага приділяється різним проявам влади, які формуються за різними технологіями. Наголошується, що юридичне поняття влади досить привабливе для дослідників, але воно не пояснює розмаїтості влади. Роз'яснюється поняття дисциплінарної влади та її здатність розкрити різноманітність, що перебуває за межами правового дискурсу. Ключові слова: влада, дисциплінарна влада, дискурс влади, М. Фуко, постструктуралізм.

The book 'The Alphabet of Islam' of the Tatar thinker M. Bigi. (1875–1949) was published in Berlin in 1923. It criticizes Marxism and reveals liberal-theological views of M. Bigi. 'The alphabet of Islam' is his program work on all the pressing problems of his time. He wrote about which should be the policy of the Russian state towards Islam, the need to renew the canons of Islam to improve the 'deplorable' situation of both Russian and foreign Muslims. Bigi criticized the Bolshevik regime in Russia and opposed his ideal in the form of a Caliphate, advocating for the preservation of the Ottoman Caliphate, hoping that in this way the Tatar people will be able to survive as a nation.

This paper presents a quantitative study on assessing causative factors that contributing to continuous usage of M-government services among users using questionnaire survey. The survey was conducted through purposive sampling techniques of selecting the respondents of smart city that are users of M-government of Abu Dhabi police department. The collected data from 379 valid responses of the survey was analysed for its reliability and normality and found that the data was reliable and achieved normality criteria. The data was further used for ranking of the factors based on its importance toward the continuous usage of M-government. It was found that that for Quality of M-Government group, the most significant factor is QG3 which is M-government system provides up-to-date information. In Public Value group, the most influence factor is PV9 which is Using the M-government increases the government accountability; In Trust group the most influence factor is T5 which is feel comfortable interacting with the M-government system since it generally fulfils its duties efficiently; In User Satisfaction group the most influence factor is US7 which is satisfied with the service received from the M-government; In Continuous Intention to Use group the most influence factor is CIU9 which is recommend others to use in the future. In term of group ranking, it was found that user satisfaction group leads other groups then followed by public value then trust group, continuous intention to use and finally the quality of M-government groups. This indicates that for M-government services to enhance its usage of the services the main priority should be given to user satisfaction.

Straipsnyje analizuojamas vaiko piešimo fenomenas J. Dewey pragmatistinėje filosofijoje ir M. Merleau-Ponty fenomenologijoje. Vaiko raiška vis dažniau domisi teoretikai, ieškantys naujų įžvalgų žmogaus santykiui su pasauliu nusakyti. Vaiko santykis su pasauliu yra naivus, tyras, neužgožtas socialinių pasaulio matymo ir elgesio konvencijų. Jo apmąstymai traukia tuos, kurie nusivylė suaugusiųjų pasaulio pažinimo konstruktais, argumentais, pamokymais. J. Dewey vaiko piešimą aprašo kaip vieną iš natūraliausių instinktų tyrinėti pasaulį, komunikuoti meno kalba. Bręsdamas vaikas pasaulį reiškia vis tobuliau, tiksliau, objektyviau. M. Merleau-Ponty vaiko raiškoje mato natūralumą, kuris atskleidžia pirmapradiškai pasitikintį pasaulio matymą, peržengiantį erdvės ir laiko konvencijų paisymą. Panašiai mato menininkas. Tačiau vaiko matymas yra daugiaprasmis savo paprastumu, o menininko matymas yra dažnai prilyginamas bepročio regėjimui. Straipsnyje bandoma svarstyti, kodėl ir kaip vaiko raiškos tobulinimas įgauna vienokią ar kitokią kryptį ir kokį santykį su pasauliu ateityje jis lemia. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: vaiko raiška, piešimas, patirtis, santykis su pasauliu, socialinė konvencija.Child's Drawing in J. Dewey's and M. Merleau-Ponty's Philosophy: Lessons of Expression for Adults Lilija Duoblienė
SummaryThe phenomenon of child's drawing is analyzed from the pragmatist and phenomenological perspectives. The research is done using J. Dewey's and M. Merleau-Ponty's philosophy: their thoughts are compared trying to find specificity of both philosophers. Theoreticians look back at childhood with the purpose to find the most original relationship with the world of a human being. They interpret this relationship of a human being as natural, naive, without fear to be misunderstood. The analysis shows that Dewey in his pragmatist philosophy emphasizes child's curiosity and need to investigate the surrounding world. The philosopher from the very beginning insists on the necessity for a child to improve his style of expression using critical thinking and developing his artistic abilities with the purpose of informing others about his new knowledge and experience. M. Merleau-Ponty treats the child's looking at the world and the expression of it differently – the child's view denies all temporal and space barriers. This reminds painters, who look at the world and express it in strange, seemingly distorted forms. The way they see it is often treated as mad, but at the same time deeper, more, intensive and valuable. The problem discussed in this article is the problem of looking at the world from a child's perspective, which is realized in a child's painting. Is is gradually changing in some direction together with child's growing. Investigation of such process is very important in the sense of trying to find the answer to the question: what should adults learn from children, their naivety, spontaneity, authenticity and courage to express their world perceptions in their own way?Keywords: child's expression, drawing, experience, relationship with the world, social convention.

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Le 18 janvier 1897, M. le professeur Carl Gareis a fait, à l'Université de Königsberg, à l'occasion du 26me anniversaire du couronnement de l'empereur Guillaume Ier, une conférence sur les essais récemment tentés pour adoucir les rigueurs du droit de la guerre, notamment sur la Convention de Saint-Pétersbourg de 1868 et les projectiles de petit calibre. Une analyse de ce discours nous paraît de nature à intéresser nos lecteurs.

International audience ; This paper provides a narrative of the different but complementary accounts of James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock on the weaknesses of simple majority voting. The paper shows that these authors took different paths to reach the same conclusion. Buchanan used his knowledge about Knut Wicksell which he applied to an abstract framework. Tullock was inspired by his reading of Duncan Black and Anthony Downs and between 1959 and 1961 in particular, produced numerous published and unpublished works which formed the basis of his contribution to The Calculus of Consent. This book which was jointly authored by Tullock and Buchanan proposes a theoretical reflection on majority voting. The present paper examines Buchanan and Tullock's critique of majority voting and highlights the radical but overlooked contribution made by Tullock to the book and to the development of the Virginia public choice research program. ; Cet article opère un retour sur les démonstrations différentes mais cependant complémentaires proposées par James M. Buchanan et Gordon Tullock pour pointer les faiblesses du vote à la majorité absolue. Nous montrons que les deux auteurs ont emprunté deux voies distinctes pour aboutir à la même conclusion. Buchanan, se fondant sur sa connaissance de Knut Wicksell, a choisi d'étudier le sujet sous un angle abstrait. Tullock a de son côté proposé une démonstration pratique inspirée de ses lectures de Duncan Black et Anthony Downs. Entre 1959 et 1961 notamment Tullock a produit nombre de travaux — publiés ou non — qui forment la base de sa contribution au Calculus of Consent. Cet ouvrage, écrit par les deux auteurs, comprend un troisième type de réflexion à propos du vote à la majorité : une démonstration théorique. Cet article examine la construction du véritable triptyque formé par les travaux de Buchanan et Tullock à propos du vote à la majorité et met en lumière le rôle important, bien que négligé, de Tullock dans la formation du Calculus et dans le développement du programme de recherche du public choice en Virginie.

International audience ; This paper provides a narrative of the different but complementary accounts of James M. Buchanan and Gordon Tullock on the weaknesses of simple majority voting. The paper shows that these authors took different paths to reach the same conclusion. Buchanan used his knowledge about Knut Wicksell which he applied to an abstract framework. Tullock was inspired by his reading of Duncan Black and Anthony Downs and between 1959 and 1961 in particular, produced numerous published and unpublished works which formed the basis of his contribution to The Calculus of Consent. This book which was jointly authored by Tullock and Buchanan proposes a theoretical reflection on majority voting. The present paper examines Buchanan and Tullock's critique of majority voting and highlights the radical but overlooked contribution made by Tullock to the book and to the development of the Virginia public choice research program. ; Cet article opère un retour sur les démonstrations différentes mais cependant complémentaires proposées par James M. Buchanan et Gordon Tullock pour pointer les faiblesses du vote à la majorité absolue. Nous montrons que les deux auteurs ont emprunté deux voies distinctes pour aboutir à la même conclusion. Buchanan, se fondant sur sa connaissance de Knut Wicksell, a choisi d'étudier le sujet sous un angle abstrait. Tullock a de son côté proposé une démonstration pratique inspirée de ses lectures de Duncan Black et Anthony Downs. Entre 1959 et 1961 notamment Tullock a produit nombre de travaux — publiés ou non — qui forment la base de sa contribution au Calculus of Consent. Cet ouvrage, écrit par les deux auteurs, comprend un troisième type de réflexion à propos du vote à la majorité : une démonstration théorique. Cet article examine la construction du véritable triptyque formé par les travaux de Buchanan et Tullock à propos du vote à la majorité et met en lumière le rôle important, bien que négligé, de Tullock dans la formation du Calculus et dans le développement du programme de ...