Suchergebnisse

L'article examine comment et pourquoi des acteurs deviennent passeurs de normes. À partir d'une enquête de terrain prolongée, l'étude de cas porte sur le transfert des normes de l'asile en Ukraine. Des organisations internationales établissent une chaîne de transfert et recrutent des agents qui, avec des employés d'ONG locales, fréquemment novices dans le domaine de l'asile, deviennent des passeurs de profession. Ils diffusent ensuite des standards internationaux auprès des fonctionnaires ukrainiens, souvent par des liens personnels, et parviennent à faire d'eux des passeurs de conviction. L'approche par les passeurs permet de nuancer les dichotomies entre transferts imposés et transferts volontaires, ainsi qu'entre promoteurs et destinataires de normes. Elle contribue également aux recherches émergentes sur les temporalités des transferts.

AbstractIn May to July 1931, a series of financial panics shook central Europe before spreading to the rest of the world. This article explores the role of cross‐border banking linkages in propagating the central European crisis to Britain and the US. Using archival bank‐level data, the article documents US and British banks' exposure to central European frozen credits in 1931. Central European lending was mostly done by large and diversified commercial banks in the US and by small and geographically specialized merchant banks/acceptance houses in Britain. Differences in the organization of international bank lending explain why the central European crisis disturbed few US banks but endangered many British financial institutions.

Investigating highly mobile labor populations presents researchers with unique challenges and opportunities. In this paper, I share my experiences and reflections in collecting international merchant seafarers' oral histories and propose to move the dialogue forward regarding the use of hybrid qualitative research practices. Seafarers are constantly moving, at sea and in port, and traditional research methodologies are inadequate in determining the nature of modern-day seafaring. I suggest how qualitative research methods must be flexible enough to accommodate researchers' needs in a chaotic global milieu. Investigators researching highly mobile labor populations, as well as mobile immigrant and refugee communities, can gain insights into the challenges and methods available for meeting those challenges.

How do domestic political institutions affect the outcomes of international trade negotiations? Specifically, are the aggregate trade barriers agreed upon by a democratic pair lower than those by a pair composed of a democracy and an autocracy? I revisit these important questions by highlighting some problematic aspect of the analysis by Mansfield, Milner, and Rosendorff (2000). Contrary to their central conclusion, I find that whether the aggregate trade barriers are lower for a democratic pair than those for a mixed pair depends on the preferences of the decision makers involved. Thus, although domestic political institutions are important, they alone are insufficient to predict a higher level of cooperation among democracies.

Für die Erfassung des Phänomens Streik ist ein neuer Forschungsansatz entwickelt und erprobt worden. Es handelt sich um einen Ansatz, der - international vergleichend - nicht nur ökonomische, sondern auch soziale und politische Faktoren als Determinanten von Streik erfaßt; die empirische Überprüfung der Hypothesen erfolgt durch quantitative Datenanalyse. Der Verf. stellt drei verschiedene Studien (Hibbs, Snyder) vor, die sich mit Streikbedingungen in westlichen Industriegesellschaften beschäftigen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen können dazu beitragen, verschiedene Hypothesen der älteren Streikforschung zu relativieren. Vor allem zeigt sich, daß ökonomisch-psychologische Faktoren (Unzufriedenheit, relative Verarmung etc.) allein keine befriedigenden Erklärungen für Streik ermöglichen. Politische und organisatorische Variablen dagegen spielen eine dominante Rolle. Wichtig ist die Unterscheidung zwischen kurz- und langfristigen Effekten derselben Variable. Sozialdemokratische Regierungsmacht kann zum Beispiel nicht sofort, wohl aber längerfristig zu einer Abnahme von Streiks beitragen. Auch das Forschungsresultat, daß Arbeitslosigkeit zu weniger Streiks führt, kann eher politisch als psychologisch erklärt werden (die Arbeitnehmer sind sich ihrer schwächeren Machtposition bewußt). Der Verf. weist allerdings nachdrücklich darauf hin, daß aus Daten keine zwingenden Interpretationen abgeleitet werden können; somit können die Resultate nur vorläufigen Charakter beanspruchen. (JL)

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between international migration and source country fertility. The impact of international migration on source country fertility may have a number of causes, including a transfer of destination countries' fertility norms. We provide a rigorous test of the diffusion of fertility norms using highly detailed original data on migration. Our results provide evidence of a significant transfer of destination countries' fertility norms from migrants to their country of origin: a 1% decrease (increase) in the fertility norm to which migrants are exposed reduces (raises) home country fertility by about 0.3%. JEL classification: J13, J61, O11

In this article we argue that International HRM research will benefit from an extended research agenda that moves: i) beyond the enterprise, ii) beyond managerialism, and iii) beyond universalism. This will require both a wider range of theoretical resources to be brought to bear and a greater attentiveness to the interpenetrating levels of the empirical worlds that are subject to evaluation and explanation. The article reflects on the opportunities for drawing on theoretical frameworks from proximate research areas and advances a multi-level approach in order to achieve a more holistic and situated understanding of HRM in its international and comparative contexts.

This article examines the salience of international affairs among the American mass public through an analysis of party imagery during four national election campaigns (1952, 1960, 1968, and 1976). First, we find considerable stability in the proportion of the electorate citing international affairs references, with the exception of 1976. Then looking separately at foreign policy and war and peace concerns, significant differences in salience occur between the two domains overtime. Finally, we also detect substantial differences between characteristics of individuals expressing foreign policy concerns and those mentioning war and peace; partisanship is related to mentions of war and peace, while education and media consumption are tied to foreign policy references.

This Article argues that some regulatory authorities have not successfully adapted to the internationalization of the practice of law. First, the Author attempts to define the terms "international legal adviser" and "international legal advice." Next, the Author compares the existing barriers to practice in the United States and the European Union. The Author goes on to outline recent challenges and changes to these barriers to practice, including international efforts such as the WTO and the IBA and local rules in the United States and the European Union. The Author then analyzes the adequacy of existing regulatory regimes with regard to ensuring the competency of professionals, protecting the public from poor or unauthorized representation, and maintaining control over the development of the profession. The Author concludes that, although there has been some progress in opening up legal services, the restrictive approach of a few regimes could undermine the success achieved in this and other service sectors.

Reuse of record except for individual research requires license from Congressional Information Service, Inc. ; At head of title: 94th Congress, 1st session. Committee print. ; CIS Microfiche Accession Numbers: CIS 75 H382-37 ; Microfiche. ; Mode of access: Internet.