Suchergebnisse

More than two years have passed since Australia released its second national action plan on women, peace and security, but the government has not yet reported on its implementation. The plan is intended to ensure ...

n/a

Cet article retrace la consécration et l'évolution jurisprudentielle de la notion d'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant en droit de la Convention européenne des droits de l'homme et en droit de l'Union européenne. Textuellement, seule la Charte des droits fondamentaux de l'Union européenne fait référence à la notion. Cependant, au vu de l'importance de cette dernière dans la protection des droits des enfants, tant la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne que la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme se sont emparées de ce concept. Leurs jurisprudences respectives sont alors marquées par deux développements. D'un point de vue matériel, les jurisprudences strasbourgeoise et luxembourgeoise ne semblent pas avoir contribué à clarifier substantiellement la notion. Elles font, néanmoins, appel au caractère protéiforme de l'intérêt supérieur de l'enfant dans les affaires concernant des enfants, l'employant alternativement comme droit, principe interprétatif, et règle procédurale. D'un point de vue formel, les cours de Luxembourg et de Strasbourg se sont progressivement détachées des références expresses à la Convention de l'ONU relative aux droits de l'enfant. En autonomisant la notion dans leurs systèmes juridiques, les cours élaborent une protection spécifique des droits des enfants dans le système européen lato sensu .

The Cumbria River Restoration Strategy was developed to help improve the quality and function of three Cumbria catchments - the Rivers Eden, Derwent and Kent. From its humble beginnings to setting its sights on the World River Prize this year, read about why this programme has been so successful.

Abstract
IR scholars and analysts often view the African Union's apparent deference to common positions with a collectivist lens. However, in this article, I argue that the legend of common African positions (CAPs) has not yet been animated, as African leaders do not always work collectively for structural and political reasons. Two significant factors complicate analysing Africa's IR in Africa: first, Africa is not a monolith. With fifty-five states and numerous linguistic, cultural, and historical paths, there is more that is different than is the same. Second, conventional IR theories are rooted in Global North worldviews and are, therefore, not the most appropriate tool to study African countries' collective decision-making. I focus on the United Nations as the site where the Africa Group's successes and failures are saliently illustrated, specifically the Ezulwini Consensus. The Africa Group's contestation within the various UN bodies, particularly with the UN Peace and Security Council, where they have long lobbied for representation, underscores the strength and structural obstacles to Africa's collective action. Taking an interpretative approach and analysing from an epistemological and normative level, I offer an alternative lens through which to view the CAPs. Leaning on the philosophies of Ubuntu and Ujamaa, I propose a framework to explore the African Union's process of developing common positions.