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Carbon pricing is widely considered a key policy instrument for achieving substantial climate change mitigation. However, implementation remains patchy and price levels vary significantly across countries and regions. In this article, we analyze the structural social, political, and economic conditions under which carbon prices have been implemented so far. We estimate a Tobit regression model to investigate variations in explicit carbon prices over 262 national and subnational jurisdictions. Our results highlight well-governed institutions and public attitudes as the most important conditions for carbon pricing and characterize fossil fuel consumption as a barrier to the implementation of carbon prices. The results suggest that governance and public attitude need to be integrated into political economy analysis. Policy makers should take regulatory capacities and public attitudes seriously when designing carbon pricing policies.

It is widespread conventional wisdom that presidential pardons—the only way for offenders to remove or eliminate all disabilities that arise from a federal or military offense—are political. We move beyond this belief and assess five broad ways that federal pardons may be systematically influenced by the policy agendas present in a separated powers system. We model the aggregate dispensation of clemency appeals (requests for pardons) using Prais-Winsten regression and find that the probability of denials for executive clemency reflects the president's own agenda and ideological position, congressional attention to criminal justice issues, and the homicide rate. In sum, both policy signals and the political processes they signify permeate the presidential pardons process.

The EU's integration history is closely linked to economic challenges, particularly hardship. Over the course of more than 70 years, the economy has played a central role in both the narratives of the integration project (as a source of legitimisation) and its various episodes, from the Schuman Declaration to the Green Deal Industrial Plan. This article evaluates the importance of the internal market's promise of 'prosperity' and describes some of the main responses to economic hardship, both failures and successes. Based on these, it concludes with a list of internal and external factors that always seem to be part of the way that further European integration offers answers in times of economic hardship. Given the crucial need to protect the internal market, the role of the EU is to look for (and beyond) what is necessary to supplement and to empower (but not to replace) the role of the member states. If opposing views are channelled towards a synthesis that strengthens the common good and integrates the interests of all stakeholders, economic hardship could ultimately strengthen the EU.

Preface. What would our ancestors say to each other? -- Acronyms -- Introduction. "Siyi youth endala" (We are old youth) -- Learning on contested grounds: Education, resistance, and youth development -- Shifting discourses, shifting identities: A history of the Joint Enrichment Project -- "I better do something": The Youth Work Scheme and its participants -- "Gaining skills and moving around": Repositioning at an orientation and a worksite -- "I can be somebody": Negotiating identity in a deployment workshop -- "A time-being thing": Participants after the Youth Work Scheme -- "Too slow, too fast": Staff after the Joint Enrichment Project -- "Something that can't be lost": The Joint Enrichment Project's legacy -- "In the next future": Reflections on NGOs in South Africa.

Dorie E Apollonio Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA Abstract: Many pharmacists have expressed a desire to become more involved in patient care, in part by being compensated for patient counseling, as well as by providing services traditionally offered by physicians and nurse practitioners. Recent efforts to develop collaborative care models, as well as major restructurings of US health insurance coverage, provide a unique opportunity for pharmacists to become recognized as independent health care providers and be reimbursed as primary care providers. Achieving that goal would require addressing advocacy challenges familiar to other health care professionals who have achieved provider status under existing reimbursement rules. Historically, political advocacy has not been a major part of pharmacy practice, or even viewed as necessary. However, pharmacists would be more politically effective with a single organization to speak for them as a profession, and with further education in advocacy. Keywords: primary care provider, advocacy, pharmacy practice, patient care, reimbursement

This is the second volume in a two-part series on frontiers in regional research. It identifies methodological advances as well as trends and future developments in regional systems modelling and open science. Building on recent methodological and modelling advances, as well as on extensive policy-analysis experience, top international regional scientists identify and evaluate emerging new conceptual and methodological trends and directions in regional research. Topics such as dynamic interindustry modelling, computable general equilibrium models, exploratory spatial data analysis, geographic information science, spatial econometrics and other advanced methods are the central focus of this book. The volume provides insights into the latest developments in object orientation, open source, and workflow systems, all in support of open science. It will appeal to a wide readership, from regional scientists and economists to geographers, quantitatively oriented regional planners and other related disciplines. It offers a source of relevant information for academic researchers and policy analysts in government, and is also suitable for advanced teaching courses on regional and spatial science, economics and political science

The use and abuse of anachronism is often seen as the quintessence of the writing of history. Historians tend to conceive it as the hardcore of their métier to avoid anachronism. It designates a confusion in order of time, especially the mistake of placing an event, attitude, or circumstance too early. The awareness of historical anachronism is omnipresent in times of a radical rewriting of history, in particular as a result of political transformation. History reflects the needs and ambitions of a political context, and the sense of what is deemed historically significant does not remain unattached hereby. Chronology and anachronism are essential to particular conceptions of history, and if history is in a process of being rewritten, they are the first items to be addressed by the defenders of the old system and the advocates of a new discourse. In political debates on the use or abuse of history anachronism is often seen as ultimate proof of the (un-)reliability of new insights and conceptions. As anachronism is defined as a way of transferring contemporary sets of values, assumptions and interpretative categories, every political reorientation inevitably provokes a discussion on that level. If a 'new nation' is in search of a 'new past', a new reflection on the basic categories of historical thinking becomes necessary. The changing discourses in South African historiography since the end of Apartheid serve here as an illuminative example.

Sound political decision making requires input from various sources. Science represents one important source. Among the scientific disciplines systems analysis particularly provides the means for knowledge transfer between science and political decision making because systems analysis incorporates a multidisciplinary approach covering the spectrum from engineering and the natural sciences to economics and the political sciences. For instance, the development of an efficient, environmentally friendly and safe energy supply system may be regarded as one of the great challenges a country continuously has to face. In industrialized countries like Germany, the results from systems analysis have been used very fruitfully for this task since the early 70s. For this purpose energy models have been developed to provide the analyst with an appropriate tool. Over the years the number of energy models has increased significantly and the models have become more sophisticated. However, one can identify a few lighthouse projects representing the state of art. The IKARUS Project on behalf of the German Government may serve as such an example where a large number of institutions from science and industry have been involved to establish a solid platform for the debate on the future German energy system under the boundary conditions of climate protection. This effort led to a large database containing the relevant data and a family of models covering the various aspects of the energy system. After successful completion of these tools they have served to formulate the official German strategy to achieve reductions in the emissions of energy related greenhouse gases according to the Kyoto process. But even such a big effort cannot cover all aspects of technology evaluation and as political decision making proceeds to new or modified targets the tools of energy systems analysis have to be updated. This volume provides an overview of methods and corresponding results in the field of energy systems analysis at Forschungszentrum Jülich. ...

"This book takes a first step toward globalizing the history of lynching. Covering fourteen countries and five continents, it demonstrates that lynching has neither been a uniquely American phenomenon, nor did it exclusively target racial and ethnic minorities. But what appears to be common to vigilantism and extralegal punishment around the globe is the ideology of popular justice, the idea that lynching represents a form of communal self-defense against crimes that are unchecked by the state. The multidisciplinary and multiregional approach of this volume will lay the groundwork for a more thorough understanding of mob violence and extralegal punishment in the United States and the world"--Provided by publisher

Übersichtsbericht über den Forschungsstand zu Sozialen Bewegungen mit Bibliographie. Beschrieben wird die Entwicklung dieser Forschungsrichtung, ausgehend von der Untersuchung der Studentenrevolte bis hin zum Konzept der "Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen", mit dem Phänomene der Frauenbewegung, Bürgerinitiativen, Antikernkraftbewegung und sonstiger "alternativer" Bewegungen zu erfassen versucht wird. Es wird festgestellt, daß die Erforschung Sozialer Bewegungen zwar erst relativ spät in Deutschland einsetzte, sich aber jetzt zu einem wichtigen Feld innerhalb der klassischen Soziologie entwickelt und damit eine Tendenz zum Professionalismus einsetzt, die den bisherigen Schwerpunkt politischen Aktivismus ablöst. (psz)

1. Introductory Remarks -- 2. Biography Between Social Theory and Political Practice -- 3. Ralf Dahrendorf's Understanding of Science and the Position of Sociology in the Sciences -- 4. Conflict and Society -- 5. Dahrendorf and the Democracies in Germany and the United States -- 6. The 'Annoying Fact of Society': Norms and Roles in Homo Sociologicus -- 7. Individuals and Social Institutions: Contributions to Political Liberalism -- 8. Ligatures, Rights and Opportunities: The Development of Civil Society -- 9. Social Upheavals and the Precarious Conditions of Intellectuals and Domination -- 10. Dahrendorf's Critics and Parallels to Other Liberal Thinkers of the Present Day -- 11. The Topicality of Ralf Dahrendorf: A Conclusion -- 12. Literature. .

"Valleys of Wine is the first comprehensive history of BC wine since the early 1980s. Wine consumers in BC or enthusiasts anywhere in the world looking to learn about this exciting new region will get a taste of BC's wine history to swirl, sip, and savour."--

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