Suchergebnisse

Introduction -- Promoting democracy through the citizens : civil society, micro-assistance to democracy, sustainability -- Democracy promotion and civil society aid : the EU approach -- Civil society and democracy in South Africa : the grassroots dimension of a changing sector -- EU democracy aid to South Africa : the first ten years of democracy (1994-2004) -- Democracy from below : EU support to advice community-based organizations -- EU micro-assistance to democracy and sustainability : a multi-level analysis of grassroots organizations -- Conclusion.

Political and military development of the WEU as it relates to defense integration of European Union countries and reduction of military dependence on the US and NATO.

The Road to Monetary Union analyses in non-technical language the process leading to adoption of a common currency for the European Union. The monetary union process involved different issues at different times and the contemporary global background mattered. The Element explains why monetary union was attempted and failed in the 1970s, and why the process was restarted in 1979, accelerated after 1992 and completed for a core group of EU members in 1999. It analyzes connections between eurozone membership and Greece's sovereign debt crisis. It concludes with analysis of how the eurozone works today and with discussion of its prospects for the 2020s. The approach is primarily economic, while acknowledging the role of politics (timing) and history (path dependence). A theme is to challenge simplistic ideas (e.g. that the euro has failed) with fuller analysis of competing pressures to shape the nature of monetary union.

The methodological model of comparative-pedagogical study of professional training of border guards in the European Union countries has been implemented on the basis of the generalized experience of the border guard agencies of the European Union countries and the works of domestic and foreign scientists. Highlightedrelevance of comparative-pedagogical research in this field and development of the correspondent model indicate the benchmarks for the development of the system of training of Ukrainian border guards in the context of European integration. In this regard, it is of particular interest to systematize and summarize the experience of the border guard agencies of the EU countries and the FRONTEX Agency, which are training personnel for European border guard agencies. The developed methodological model covers four levels: theoretical-analytical, comprehension-methodological, general-interpretative and comparatively-resultative. The levels describe methodological approaches, methods of their implementation, principles of comparative studies and take into account the chronological boundaries of formation and development of unified professional training of border guards in the European Union. The question of application of the considered methodological model in practice with the purpose of conducting research of the system of professional training of border protectionspecialists in the countries of the European Union has been considered. The author analyzed the possibility of using this experience with the purpose of its introduction into the system of professional training of the personnel of the Border Guard Service of Ukraine. ; У статті на основі узагальненого досвіду прикордонних відомств країн Європейського Союзу та праць вітчизняних та закордонних компаративістів реалізовано методологічну модель порівняльно-педагогічного дослідження професійної підготовки фахівців з охорони кордону в країнах Європейського Союзу. Висвітлено актуальність порівняльно-педагогічного дослідження у цій сфері і розробки подібної моделі для позначення орієнтирів розбудови системи професійної підготовки українських прикордонників в умовах євроінтеграції. У зв'язку із цим особливого інтересу набуває систематизація і узагальнення досвіду прикордонних відомств країн ЄС та Агенції FRONTEX, які займаються підготовкою європейських фахівців з охорони кордону. Побудована методологічна модель охоплює чотири рівні: теоретико-аналітичний, осмислювально-методологічний, узагальнювально-інтерпретаційний та порівняльно-результативний. Рівні містять методологічні підходи, методи їх реалізації, принципи проведення компаративних досліджень та враховують хронологічні межі становлення та розвитку уніфікованої професійної підготовки фахівців з охорони кордону в країнах Європейського Союзу. Розглянуто питання застосування розглянутої методологічної моделі у практичній площині з метою дослідження системи професійної підготовки фахівців з охорони кордону в країнах Європейського Союзу. Автором було проведено аналіз можливості використання цього досвіду з метою його впровадження в систему професійної підготовки персоналу прикордонного відомства України.

The European Union is often attacked for its 'democratic deficit', namely its deficiencies in representation, transparency, accountability and lack of popular support. This book assesses the possible formation of a communicative space that might enable and engender the creation of a transnational or a supranational public

The establishment of banking union represents a major development in European economic governance and European integration history more generally. This book is informed by two main empirical questions: 'Why banking union?' and 'Why this specific form of banking union?'

This book originates from the research project 'New discourses in labour law' held at the European University Institute. A detailed analysis of part-time work regulation is presented for seven European countries, in order to ascertain how internal domestic choices of the legislatures have merged into the 'Open method of co-ordination'. The impact of European employment policies is considered in parallel with the implementation of the Directive on part-time work, thus providing a complete overview of both soft and hard law mechanisms available to national policy-makers. In this 2004 work, the interaction between law and policy emerges as a dynamic and constantly changing process of exchange between national and supranational actors, through the use of concrete examples of lawmaking. Labour law is put forward as being central in the current evolution of European law, and this centrality is presented as a confirmation of innovation and continuity in regulatory techniques

A large section of European opinion believes that Muslims present a long term political and cultural threat. Professor Parekh argues that this view is deeply mistaken. There is, nevertheless, a small underclass, mainly young, which is deeply alienated fro

Intro -- EMISSIONS TRADING: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE EUROPEANUNION AND KYOTO PROTOCOL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE EU EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEME (ETS):KYOTO AND BEYOND -- ABSTRACT -- OVERVIEW -- NATIONAL ALLOCATION PLANS AND THE ETS -- Need for Further Emissions Reductions -- Need to Adjust ETS Allocations -- ISSUES ARISING IN PHASE 2 NAPS FOR THE ETS -- Supplementarity -- Auction Policy -- New Entrant Reserves -- Auction Policy -- New Entrant Reserves -- Closure Policy -- Benchmarking -- Allocation and Energy Policy -- LOOKING TO PHASE III -- Eliminating NAPs -- Expanding Coverage -- Auctions -- SUMMARY AND CONSIDERATIONS FOR U.S.CAP-AND-TRADE PROPOSALS -- Emission Inventories and Target Setting -- Coverage -- Allocation Schemes -- Flexibility and Price Volatility -- REFERENCES -- CLIMATE CHANGE: THE EUROPEAN UNION'S EMISSIONS TRADING SYSTEM(EU-ETS) -- ABSTRACT -- OVERVIEW -- IMPLEMENTING THE ETS:NATIONAL ALLOCATION PLANS -- RESULTS FROM THE FIRST YEAR -- Emissions Levels -- Market Activity, Prices, and Impact -- Use of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)and Joint Implementation (JI) -- ISSUES -- Tightening of Emissions Caps -- Harmonizing NAPs -- New Entrants -- Definition of Affected Units -- Expansion of Coverage -- CONCLUSION -- APPENDIX: NORWAY'S TRADING SYSTEM -- REFERENCES -- INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE PROGRAMS: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION'S EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEME AND THE KYOTO PROTOCOL'S CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM* -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- EU EMISSIONS TRADING SCHEME ESTABLISHED A CARBONMARKET AND PROVIDES LESSONS THAT COULD INFORMU.S. DECISION MAKING ON CLIMATE CHANGE POLICY -- Creation of the ETS Established a Market for Carbon Allowances.