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"This volume examines contemporary political relations between Turkey and the Middle East. In the light of the Arab uprisings of 2011, the Syria crisis, the escalation of regional terrorism and the military coup attempt in Turkey. It illustrates the dramatic fluctuations in Turkish foreign policy towards key Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Syria and Iraq. The contributors analyze Turkey's deepening involvement in Middle Eastern regional affairs, also addressing issues such as terrorism, social and political movements and minority rights struggles. While these problems have traditionally been regarded as domestic matters, this book highlights their increasingly regional dimension and implications for the foreign affairs of Turkey and countries in the Middle East." -- Back cover

On television, the Arab Spring took place in Cairo, Tunis, and the city-states of the Persian Gulf. Yet the drama of 2010, and the decade of subsequent activism, extended beyond the cities—indeed, beyond Arabs. Bruce Maddy-Weitzman brings to light the sustained post–Arab Spring political movement of North Africa's Amazigh people. The Amazigh movement did not begin with the Arab Spring, but it has changed significantly since then. Amazigh Politics in the Wake of the Arab Spring details the increasingly material goals of Amazigh activism, as protest has shifted from the arena of ethnocultural recognition to that of legal and socioeconomic equality. Amazigh communities responded to the struggles for freedom around them by pressing territorial and constitutional claims while rejecting official discrimination and neglect. Arab activists, steeped in postcolonial nationalism and protective of their hegemonic position, largely refused their support, yet flailing regimes were forced to respond to sharpening Amazigh demands or else jeopardize their threadbare legitimacy. Today the Amazigh question looms larger than ever, as North African governments find they can no longer ignore the movement's interests

Constitutionalism, Human Rights, and Islam after the Arab Spring offers a comprehensive analysis of the impact that new and draft constitutions and amendments - such as those in Jordan, Morocco, Syria, Egypt, and Tunisia - have had on the transformative processes that drive constitutionalism in Arab countries. This collection of essays, written by an expert team of constitutional and comparative law scholars and practitioners, provides an overview of the recent constitutional experience of Arab countries, explores the potential and actual impact of Islam and Sharia on the notion of modern cons

This is a comprehensive survey of minorities in the Middle East with a special focus on the post Arab Spring era and a rich trove of information and insights generated from the detailed case studies. It is situated in a broader research agenda about how Revolutions in general affect the status of minorities and for comparative purposes, it further explores general questions of how minorities fared in revolutionary times and in their aftermaths and under what conditions revolutions could lead to more minority-tolerant regimes.

Beginning in late 2010, peaceful protests against entrenched regimes unexpectedly erupted in a number of Arab countries, causing political upheaval across the region. Through contributions from noted scholars, The Arab Spring provides a comprehensive overview of the causes, key issues, and aftermath of these events. Divided into two parts, the book first examines the Arab countries most dramatically impacted by the uprisings, as well as why some of their Arab neighbors avoided large-scale protests. The second part explores other countries inside and outside the region-that have a stake and interest in the uprisings.

"This volume examines the role of Arab women in the Arab Spring and their contribution to the ongoing process of change sweeping the region. The book begins with an examination of the process of democratization and its impediments in the Arab World since the Second World War. It then looks at the conditions that led to the upsurge of the so-called Arab Spring. Finally it underscores womens role as participants, organizers leaders but also as victims. The main thesis of the book is that while Arab women were an integral part of the revolutionary efforts within the Arab Spring paradigm, they did not benefit from their sacrifices. Although they continue to be part of the process of change, their gains, rights and scope for participation are still limited. If the expansion of womens participation and the scope of their rights do not seem to be a priority for revolutionary forces, women have made remarkable achievements, especially in some Arab Spring countries such as Yemen and Libya. The book includes case studies of some Arab Spring countries and other countries influenced by developments: Egypt, Bahrain Kuwait, Libya, Yemen, Algeria, Jordan, Morocco and Saudi Arabia. It calls on revolutionary and reformist forces to give special attention to issues related to Arab women, as they are an indispensable pillar in the process of reform, development, peace and stability in the Middle East"--

Toward a second republic? Algeria and the Amazigh question -- Obscure no longer: Libyan Amazigh in a fractured polity -- Azawad: the abortive republic -- Tunisia: the Amazigh factor enters the realm -- Moroccan Amazigh and the makhzen: from recognition to malaise.

"The Arab Spring unexpectedly developed in late 2010 with peaceful protests in a number of Arab countries against long-standing, entrenched regimes, and rapid political change across the region ensued. The Arab Spring: Change and Resistance in the Middle East examines these revolutions and their aftermath. Noted authorities writing specifically for this volume contribute chapters focusing on countries directly or indirectly involved, illuminating the immediate and long-term impacts of the revolutions in the region and throughout the world. A thoughtful concluding chapter ties together key themes, while also delineating persistent myths and misinterpretations. This is an essential volume for students and scholars of the Middle East, as well as anyone seeking a fuller understanding of region and what may lie ahead"--Provided by publisher

Surveying the causes of the Arab Spring, and revealing the governing trends arising from it, this book examines various international relation theories through the lens of the experiences of the countries in the Middle East and North Africa region. It takes the events of the Arab Spring as an outcome of globalization's double movement whose integrative cultural, political and security frameworks devastated nationally controlled economies, undermining the nation-state system and propagating a decentralized and communitarian-based governance structure. The consequences for many plural, diverse societies were two-fold: autocratic nationalism was discarded while decentralized regimes representing communitarian-based politics came to the fore. The author reveals how the formulation of a new communitocratic order rests on the accommodation of this newly emerging communitarianism and explores the major drivers of political transformation, describing the emerging communities, forecasting their governing options and the possible repercussions for the post-Arab Spring states.

Why do some militaries support and others thwart transitions to democracy? After the Arab Spring revolutions, why did Egypt's military stage a coup to end the transition? Conversely, why did Tunisia's military initially support the transition, only to later facilitate the elected president's dismantling of democracy? In Soldiers of Democracy? Military Legacies and the Arab Spring, Sharan Grewal argues that a military's behavior under democracy is shaped by how it had been treated under autocracy. Autocrats who had empowered their militaries produce soldiers who will repress protests and stage coups to preserve their privileges. Meanwhile, autocrats who had marginalized their militaries produce soldiers who support democratization, but who are also more susceptible to incumbent takeovers and civil wars. The dictator's choice to either empower or marginalize the military thus creates legacies that shape both the likelihood of democratization and the forms by which it breaks down. Drawing on over 140 interviews with civilian and military leaders, and three surveys of military personnel, this scholarly volume illustrates this theory through detailed case studies of Egypt and Tunisia. Grewal also probes the generalizability of the theory through a cross-national analysis of all countries between 1946-2010. Overall, he brings the military front and center to the study of democratic transition and consolidation.

Intro -- Dedication -- Contents -- Notes on Editors and Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Maintaining Relevance Between the Study of International Society and the Arab Spring -- The English School and Making Theoretical Sense of International Society -- The Arab Spring, Sovereign Responsibility and International Society -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 2: The United Nations and the Arab Spring -- Introduction -- Framing the UN as Agent of International Society: General Assembly and Security Council -- Non-intervention and Responsibility to Protect (R2P) -- The General Assembly and the Arab Spring -- The Security Council and the Arab Spring -- Conclusion -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- Books and Articles -- UN Documents -- UN Security Council Resolutions -- General Assembly Resolutions -- Human Rights Council Resolutions and Reports -- Chapter 3: A Litmus Test for Europe: EU Mediterranean Politics After the Arab Spring -- Introduction -- Background of Euro-Mediterranean Relations -- Shift from Bilateral to Multilateral Agreements -- The EU's Reactions After the Arab Spring -- Change or Continuity in the EU's New Neighborhood Policy -- Conclusion -- List of Abbreviations -- References -- Chapter 4: The Arab Spring and Unconstitutional Changes of Government in Africa -- Introduction -- From the Organization of African Unity to the African Union -- Normative Framework of the African Union on Democracy Promotion -- The African Union and the Arab Spring -- Tunisia -- Egypt -- Libya -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 5: Cultural Heritage and the Arab Spring: A Review of (Inter)National Efforts to Safeguard Heritage Under Fire -- Introduction -- International (Non)Governmental Organizations (INGOs and IGOs) -- The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).