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"This book examines the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in the context of internal functions performed with regards to the European Union (EU) political system and its key actors. It argues that the ENP has been formulated not only in reaction to external challenges and threats, but also in response to EU internal legitimacy needs at systemic, institutional and actor level. Looking beyond governance approaches and the power of norms, this book follows a sociological approach to the politics of legitimation. Using Bourdieu's field theory, it bridges the rationalist-constructivist divide inherent in much of the ENP scholarship. While analysing articulations of EU institutions in terms of narrative production, reproduction and reconstruction, it sheds valuable light on where the conflicting goals, ambiguity and incoherence stem from. By highlighting third countries' responses and usages of ENP narratives for domestic and international legitimacy-seeking, the book calls for a more outside-in perspective on EU foreign policy. With the European integration project being increasingly contested, both internally and externally, this book provides a timely focus on the topic of legitimation and delegitimation dynamics with regards to EU foreign policy. This book is of key interest to scholars and students of European integration, EU Foreign Policy, and more broadly EU Studies and International Relations"--

This article offers a comparative analysis of the European Union (EU)'s agreements and institutional links with Jordan and Lebanon within the framework of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). This article suggests that the ENP agreements can be termed pragmatic bilateralism, claiming that the EU has altered its foreign policy agenda from a policy with an emphasis on democracy promotion to a post-normative and pragmatic, bilateral agenda. Drawing on a neoinstitutionalist framework (focusing on 'rules, routines, norms and identities'), this article argues that the different conditions for the relations between the EU and Jordan and Lebanon, respectively, in principle should have consequences in the sense that the EU would be expected not to implement similar policies or engage the two Middle East and North Africa (MENA) regimes in a similar manner. However, the complexity of the scenarios in Jordan and Lebanon in combination with the regional and international dimensions of the recent situation in the Middle East instead leads the EU to pursue post-normative and pragmatic policies characterized by more or less identical wording and non-committal goals. A certain uniformity of the EU's ENP agreements can thus be explained by a deliberate vagueness, emphasizing the pragmatism of the EU's ENP policies.

The European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) which can be viewed as the most significant geopolitical project of the European Union (EU) after 2004 enlargement, also constitutes one of the key issues of the external agenda of the Union. The ENP is a new policy initiated in 2003 and implemented in 2005 and it offers a new partnership between the enlarged EU and wider Europe, the latter including both the EU's old Southern neighbours and the new Eastern ones as well as the Southern Caucasus countries. Central to this partnership is the notion of shared values, economic benefits, cooperation against security challenges or simply said, sharing everything but institutions. Indeed, what the ENP offers to these neighbours is a closer relationship which is compatible with increased interdependence and common needs of a wider Europe, yet short of EU membership. Even though the ENP is inspired by the instruments and mechanisms of EU enlargement, the policy aims at preventing or postponing a new wave of enlargement for the Union. As for the neighbours, commitment to shared values and how to sustain such commitment with required political and economic reforms in the absence of an eventual membership remains a major dilemma.

ÖZETBu tezin ana sorunsalı Avrupa bütünleşmesi kapsamında, Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası'nın bir dış politika aracı olarak işlevinin doğru bir şekilde ortaya koyulmasıdır. Tezin araştırması; "Avrupa Birliği, Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası'nı çevresinde gücünü maksimize etmek için kullandığı jeostratejik bir araç mı yoksa çevresini stabilize etmek ve değiştirmek için kullandığı bir sosyalizasyon aracı mıdır?" sorusu üzerine kurulmuştur. Metodolojik olarak, iki sistemik teori olan neorealizm ve konstrüktivizm Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası örneğine uygulanmış ve tezin bölümlerinde "ne", "neden" ve "nasıl" soruları sorularak politikanın üç boyutlu bir resmi çekilmeye çalışılmıştır.Tezin ilk bölümünde, "Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası nedir" sorusuna yanıt aranmıştır. Burada kavramsal olarak "komşuluk" tanımı üzerinde durulmuş daha sonra politikanın gelişimi, amaçları ve araçları ele alınmıştır. Bu bölümün ikinci kısmında ise politikanın alanı coğrafi ve tematik olarak incelenmiştir. Tezin ikinci bölümünde, "Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası neden yaratılmıştır?" sorusuna genel olarak yanıt aranmaktadır. Genişleme ve enerji ilişkileri bu bölümde iki ayrı temel değişken olarak ele alınmıştır.Tezin üçüncü bölümünde ise, "Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası süreci nasıl işlemektedir?" sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. AB sosyal yapısının çevresine sosyalizasyon ve modernizasyonu nasıl ihraç ettiği sorunsalı "demokrasi ihracı" ve "sınır etkileşimleri" örnekleri üzerinden analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu bölümde ele alınan tüm süreçler iki yönlü bir şekilde analiz edilmiştir.*Avrupa Birliği *Avrupa Komşuluk Politikası *Neorealizm *Konstrüktivizm ABSTRACTIn this thesis, the main problematic is to put forward the function of European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) as a foreign policy tool in the framework of European integration in an appropriate way. The research question of the thesis is whether the EU uses ENP as a geostrategic tool to maximize its power in the periphery, or as a modernization and a socialization tool to stabilize and change the region. In this thesis, two systemic theories, namely, constructivism and neorealism, have been applied for the case of ENP and the questions of "what", "why" and "how" are asked to take a three dimensional picture of the policy.In the first part, the question of 'what is neighbourhood policy' is answered. In the first chapter of this part, genesis of the concept 'neighbourhood' is considered. After the conceptualization part, the development, tools and aims of the European Neighbourhood Policy is explained. Moreover, the scope of the policy is analyzed under the titles of thematic and geographic.In the second part, the 'why-questions' are asked and the reasons lying behind the creation of the ENP is questioned in neorealist perspective. The evolution of the ENP is focused in the framework of power struggle between the great powers in the sense of balance of power. In this international environment the EU is considered as a sub-system and the relationship between the sub-system and international system is assessed. In the chapter of field of activity, the cases of 'widening' and 'energy relations' are examined.In the third part, how-questions are asked and the process of ENP is examined in constructivist perspective. In this part, the EU is considered as a social structure and it is objected to find out how to categorize the agents of the ENP and how the democracy promotion capacity of the EU, in the region in the case of the ENP could be measured and how the ENP could have an impact on stability and change in the defined area. With the cases of democracy promotion and border relations, the effect of the ENP and the socialization process are tried to be measured.*European Union *European Neighbourhood Policy *Neorealism *Constructivism

Chan Wai Shun. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 193-216). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.III ; 緒論 --- p.IV ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.V ; TABLE OF CONTENT --- p.VII ; ABBREVIATIONS / LIST OF TABLES / LISTS OF FIGURES --- p.XII ; Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Policy Background --- p.4 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions and Hypotheses --- p.6 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Conceptualization of Terms --- p.8 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Thematic Framework of the Whole Dissertation --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.5 --- Methodology and Research Limitations --- p.14 ; Chapter 1.5.1 --- The Selection of Case --- p.16 ; Chapter 1.5.2 --- The Articulation of Narratives and Discourses --- p.17 ; Chapter 1.5.3 --- The Source of Narratives and Discourses --- p.18 ; Chapter 1.5.4 --- The Methodological Limitations --- p.20 ; Chapter 1.6 --- Potential Contributions --- p.21 ; Chapter 1.6.1 --- Contributions to Academic Community --- p.21 ; Chapter 1.6.2 --- Contributions to the Diplomatic Community --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.7 --- Chapter Summary and the Preview of the Dissertation --- p.24 ; Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- A THEORETICAL REVIEW ON EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD POLICY --- p.25 ; Chapter 2.1 --- IR Theories and their Application in European Neighbourhood Policy --- p.25 ; Chapter 2.1.1 --- Realism and its Variation --- p.26 ; Chapter 2.1.2 --- Liberal Institutionalism and Liberal Intergovernmentalism --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.1.3 --- Constructivism and its Application --- p.30 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Problems of the Traditional IR Theories --- p.34 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- The Maltreatment of Bargaining Game within EU --- p.35 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Maltreatment of EU Polity --- p.37 ; Chapter 2.2.3 --- The Maltreatment of EU Foreign Policy --- p.38 ; Chapter 2.3 --- From IR ThEories to Policy-oriented Analysis --- p.40 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- The Enlargement Experience of the Usual Reference --- p.41 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- The Cross-pillar Characteristics of ENP ...

The paper discusses the current and potential role of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in anchoring economic reforms in the countries of the EU's Eastern Neighbourhood. It claims that it is too early to assess the success of the ENP in this sphere especially given that the actual progress of the ENP agenda has been limited. A review of the empirical evidence on external reform anchors confirms that the ENP shares some features with the EU accession process that has proven to be an effective mechanism supporting major economic, political and social changes in the countries concerned. The eventual ENP economic offer is meaningful and integration with the EU is getting stronger public support in several CIS countries and among their political elites. On the other hand several factors limit the reform anchoring potential of the ENP. This paper offers recommendations on policies that could strengthen this potential.

The purpose of this article is to explore the future of the EU's Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) in terms of its objectives. In order to do this, the reasons behind this policy tool, its structure, and the changes it brought to the EU's relationships with its neighbours are analyzed. The article investigates the areas in which the ENP has been successful and pinpoints the deficiencies which have lead to its failure in other areas. The analysis concludes that the ENP has enhanced the EU's role in the international arena and improved the credibility of its foreign, security and defence policies despite the fact that it is still a very new policy. Nevertheless, the policy is by no means perfect and there exists scope for further improvement in terms of its effectiveness. ; peer-reviewed

This Working Paper offers a selection of the papers which were presented during the Workshop on "The European Neighbourhood Policy – A Framework for Modernisation?", which was held on 1-2 December 2006 at the European University Institute of Florence under the auspices of the Academy of European Law. In particular, this Working Paper intends to explore from a trans-disciplinary perspective the objectives and instruments which have been devised in the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) and to consider in this light the capacity of the policy to promote a fundamental process of modernisation in the target countries. This is done in the conviction that a reconsideration of the coherence between instruments and objectives of the ENP is particularly urgent and it is likely to affect not only the effectiveness of the policy itself, but also the ability of the EU to create a circle of friends around its borders and, ultimately, its position in the international arena. To achieve this task, we have brought together the viewpoints of lawyers, political scientists and economists as they look at the wide range of questions prompted by the ENP. The first part of this volume is devoted to the analysis of the Objectives of the ENP. In this framework, a first paper will scrutinise the expectations from the new policy, then 5 more papers will examine the 3 major articulated objectives of the policy: stability, prosperity and security. The second part of the volume is focused on the Instruments of ENP. In particular, 3 papers will focus on legislative approximation and on the analysis of the tools which have been used in order to promote an unprecedented process of Europeanisation which goes far beyond the European continent. The last 2 papers have been devoted to the consideration of bilateralism-multilateralism and to the scrutiny of solutions which can be envisaged legally to develop the partnership with neighbouring countries in the framework of the ENP.

The European Neighbourhood Policy: The challenge of demarcating a complex and contested field of study / Tobias Schumacher -- Beyond enlargement. Conceptualizing the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Frank Schimmelfennig -- EU actorness and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Arne Niemann and Nils Hoffmann -- The challenge of analysing the performance of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Dorina Baltag and Iulian Romanyshyn -- Power and leadership in the European neighbourhood: contending role concepts / Lisbeth Aggestam -- Realism and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Adrian Hyde-Price -- Constructivist approaches to the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Petr Kratochvil and Elsa Tulmets -- The study of the European Neighbourhood Policy through the lenses of critical approaches / Asne Kalland Aarstad and Niklas Bremberg -- Methodological and theoretical challenges to the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Theofanis Exadaktylos -- Legal perspectives on the study of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Peter Van Elsuwege and Roman Petrov -- The construction and deconstruction of the EU's neighbourhood / Christopher Browning -- Of borders and boundaries. The neighbourhood as the EU's buffer zone / Andreas Marchetti -- The EU and the European Neighbourhood Policy: The re-making of Europe's Identity / Jan Zielonka -- Strategic narratives of EU foreign policy and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Alister Miskimmon -- The challenges of a changing eastern neighbourhood / Elena Korosteleva -- The challenges of a changing southern neighbourhood / Thomas Demmelhuber -- Coherence, cohesiveness and consistency in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Tanja Borzel and Bidzina Lebanidze -- European Neighbourhood Policy decision-making at critical junctures: EU institutions, the Member States and neighbourhood countries / Mark Furness -- EU Member States and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Amelia Hadfield -- The European Parliament as an actor in its own right in the in the EU's neighbourhood / Cristian Nitoiu -- Financial instruments and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Anna-Sophie Maass -- The European Neighbourhood Policy between bilateralism and region-building / Federica Bicchi, Gergana Noutcheva and Benedetta Voltolini -- The EU and civilian missions in the neighbourhood / Dimitris Bouris and Madalina Dobrescu -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the politics of sanctions / Clara Portela -- Ukraine in the European Neighbourhood Policy: A paradoxical partner / Kataryna Wolczuk -- EU-Belarus relations in the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Giselle Bosse -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and Moldova: A resilient oligarchic system wedged between the EU and Russia / Florent Parmentier -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the South Caucasus / Licinia Simao -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and EU-Maghreb relations / Irene Fernandez Molina -- EU-Mashreq relations: Differentiation, conditionality and security / Peter Seeberg -- Israel and Palestine and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Sharon Pardo and Patrick Muller -- Libya and Syria: At the crossroads of European Neighbourhood Policy and EU crisis management / Nicole Koenig -- Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreements / Bernard Hoekman -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and energy / Bernd Weber -- Migration: Moving to the centre of the European Neighbourhood Policy / Florian Trauner and Jean-Pierre Cassarino -- Counter-terrorism cooperation and the European Neighbourhood Policy / Chantal Lavallee, Sarah Leonard and Christian Kaunert -- Aid in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Fabienne Bossuyt, Hrant Kostanyan, Jan Orbie and Bruno Vandecasteele -- Perceptions of the European Neighbourhood Policy and of its values and norms promotion / Elisabeth Johansson-Nogues -- European Neighbourhood Policy mechanisms: Conditionality, socialisation and differentiation / Laure Delcour and Eduard Soler I Lecha -- Geopolitics and democracy in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Anna Khakee and Richard Youngs -- Democracy promotion by functional cooperation / Tina Freyburg and Sandra Lavenex -- Human rights in the European Neighbourhood Policy / Rosa Balfour -- The promotion of civil society / Silvia Colombo and Natalia Shapovalova -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and Islamist actors in the southern neighbourhood / Michelle Pace and Sarah Wolff -- The neighbours of the EU's neighbours: Overcoming geographical silos / Sieglinde Gstohl and Erwan Lannon -- The European Neighbourhood Policy and the CFSP/CSDP: From the European Security Strategy to the Global Strategy / Thomas Henokl.

Nikolov, K. Y.: Understanding our partners : the joint ownership principle and its implementation in the Easter EU neighbourhood. - S. 17-42 Kratochvil, P.; Lippert, B.: Improving the cost/benefit balance of the ENP for the EU's Eastern partners. - S. 43-58 Comelli, M.; Paciello, M., C.: A cost/benefit analysis of the ENP for the EU's Southern partners. - S. 59-78 Ehin, P.; Avery, G.: The Eastern EU neighbourhood - an area of competing policies : shared neighbourhood between the EU and Russia. - S. 79-90 [ ... ]

"The Routledge Handbook on the European Neighbourhood Policy provides a comprehensive overview of the EU's most important foreign policy instrument, provided by leading experts in the field. Coherently structured and adopting a multidisciplinary approach, this handbook covers the most important themes, developments and dynamics in the EU's neighbourhood policy framework through a series of cutting-edge contributions. With chapters from a substantial number of scholars who have been influential in shaping the study of the ENP, this handbook serves to encourage debates which will hopefully produce more conceptual as well as neighbourhood-specific perspectives leading to enriching future studies on the EU's policies towards its neighbourhood. It will be a key reference point both for advanced-level students, scholars and professionals developing knowledge in the fields of EU/European Studies, European Foreign Policy Analysis, Area studies, EU law, and more broadly in political economy, political science, comparative politics, and international relations"

This study examines the effectiveness of the EU's efforts to improve labour standards among its neighbouring countries through its market integration-based regulatory governance approach. We consider the European Neighbourhood Policy as a critical case for assessing the prospects and limitations of the EU's broader agenda to promote non-trade related policy objectives through its trade policy. Using a combination of regression and comparative analysis (in Moldova and Morocco), we show that upgrading in conditionality, assistance and dialogue can contribute to improvements in labour standards, albeit with significant shortcomings. In the absence of greater EU commitment towards strengthening domestic institutions, engaging labour organizations and adopting a problemsolving approach, EU-led improvements on the books will not result in changes on the ground. Even formal changes will be restricted to areas that are compatible with other major EU policy objectives, such as market integration, political and human rights. In this context, improvements at the implementation level have been facilitated to some extent by supplementary initiatives by labour organizations, albeit within the constraints of weak state capacity. ; "The project leading to this paper received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 770680 (RESPECT)"