Suchergebnisse

The article examines the globalization – in its Americanization format – of the international cinematic communication within the perspective of the cultural diversity issue. The globalization process is comprehended as a result of the historical succession of market formations: from free competition in American cinema to an oligopoly and on to a national and an international monopoly. During the period of polipoly, the trail for globalization was blazed by the grande dame of the cinématographe: France. The United States, where in 1908 the market share of French films equaled 70%, mounted a resolute challenge. Under consideration are three factors – institutional, geopolitical, and creative – of the loss by the French of their domination over the American and, then, their own market. To the soft power of American cinema, the French state responded with the quota stimulation for the exhibition of national films, motivating it, among other things, by the necessity of providing for the external and internal security of the state, by the guardianship of customs and national traditions. To the quotas as a means of mitigating the soft power of the United States did recourse some other countries too: larger ones, for economic considerations; smaller ones, for cultural. The globalizational might of the American film industry is explained through the rational choice of the main line for its stylistic development and the filmmakers' masterfulness, as well as through the professionalism of managemental and marketing actors, investment from big capital, and through support from government in its push for the «cultural hegemony» of the United States. The major studios that emerged during the period of oligopoly (1909– 1929) competed with one another on the terms of a certain accord. With the means of competing by supercostly investments, far beyond the capabilities of smaller studios, the majors established for the domestic market a regime of national monopoly (1930–1946). On the world market the elected method of competition enabled the American film industry, in the second half of the 1940s, to gain the position of the international monopolist. An important role in the process was played by Motion Picture Export Association, established in 1945: a sort of «a diplomatic service» that functioned with permission from and under the support of the U.S. government. From its position of the global monopolist the American film industry strives not only to dominate in the intercultural cinematic communication, but, in this status and as a means of the popular geopolitics, to control it through lobbying and by exporting capital and goods. The transborder circulation of products by various national cinemas and cultural diversity of cinematography have largely fallen prey the globalization process. On the basis of vast factual research is recreated the state of the art for the imbalance in the intercultural film communication. When, in a social­functional respect, the importing of films mainly supplants their production in a certain country, the socium, by a large magnitude, is deprived of the chance to reproduce its culture and, accordingly, its identity with the means of depicting its own image and of mastering it. The making of national cinematic picture of the world and its integration into the communicative process becomes a topical task of providing for cultural diversity.

Конструктивное взаимодействие социальных групп, имеющих различные ценностные, религиозные, этнические и политические ориентиры, может быть достигнуто на основе выработки норм толерантного поведения и навыков межкультурного взаимодействия. Культурные связи способствуют формированию привлекательного образа страны, свидетельствуя о ее стремлении к открытости и диалогу, а также выступают в качестве эффективного средства международных отношений и межкультурных коммуникаций. ; Constructive interaction between social groups with different values, religious, ethnic and political orientation, can be achieved through the development of norms of tolerant behavior and skills of intercultural communication. Cultural relations contribute to the formation of an attractive image of the country, indicating its commitment to openness and dialogue. Cultural relations represent an effective tool of international relations and intercultural communication. Modern state faces quite a difficult dilemma: building a mono-ethnic state with the inclusion of all ethnic groups into a single ethnic group with the development of external relations as an element of the nation and building a set of nationalities with the possibilities of development of external relations of each individual autonomy, which is rather fraught with separatism.

Some recent studies underscore the importance of schools and their role in finding solutions in order to develop respectful attitudes or transmit tolerance and empathy towards different contexts, situations or diverse cultural and social practices (Noguera, 2019). Besides, European legislation establishes multilingualism, literacy or cultural awareness as key and transversal competencies for all educational levels. In this regard, this article makes an attempt to showcase the potential of migrants' picture books and their linguistic and intercultural prospects in Pre-primary school settings. Firstly, some theoretical and legislative considerations are introduced. Then, this article analyses the linguistic characteristics of each picture book in terms of sounds, lexis and language structures presented in L2. Later, it reflects upon some identification or intercultural comprehension activities in relation with the cognitive thinking skills of the CLIL approach. Finally, a reflection on the contribution of this proposal and this analysis for multilingual educational contexts is presented. ; Algunos autores prestan atención a la importancia que la escuela debe asumir en la búsqueda de soluciones para la generación de actitudes de respeto, tolerancia o empatía hacia contextos, situaciones o prácticas sociales y culturales diversas (Noguera, 2019). Del mismo modo, la normativa europea en materia de educación establece el multilingüismo, la alfabetización o la conciencia intercultural como competencias clave y transversales a todos niveles de la educación. Así pues, este trabajo pretende poner en valor el álbum ilustrado sobre migrantes en el contexto de la educación infantil, analizando cuatro textos que tratan el tema de los migrantes en torno a su potencial lingüístico y su carácter intercultural. En primer lugar, realizamos una aproximación teórica y normativa al contexto de educación infantil y a los materiales que, como el álbum, cumplen una función destacada en entornos multilingües. Posteriormente, destacamos ...

This book reinforces the foundation of a new field of studies and research in the intersection between social sciences and specifically between political science, international relations, diplomacy, psychotherapy, and social-cognitive psychology. It seeks to promote a coherent and comprehensive approach to international negotiation from a multidisciplinary viewpoint generating a longer term of studies, researches, and networking process that both respond to changes and differences in our societies and to the unprecedented demand and opportunities for international conflict prevention and resolution. There is a need to increase cooperation, coherence, and efficiency of international negotiation. It is necessary to focus our shared attention on new ways to better formulate integrated and sustainable negotiating strategies for conflict resolution. This book acquires innovative relevance in and will impact on the new context of international challenges which do not have a one-off solution that can be settled through a single target-oriented negotiation process. The book brings together leading scholars and researchers into the field from different disciplines, diplomats, politicians, senior officials, and even a Cardinal of the Holy See to give their contributions and make proposals on how best to optimize the use of negotiation and diplomacy structures, tools, and instruments. However, unlike most studies and researches on international negotiation, this book emphasizes processes, not simply outcomes or even tools but the way in which tools are and can be used to achieve better outcomes in international reality-based negotiation. Mauro Galluccio received his PhD in Political Science from the Free University of Brussels, Belgium. He is the President of the European Association for Negotiation and Mediation (EANAM), based in Brussels. Dr. Galluccio studied for a long time in Italy and has a degree in both political sciences and psychological sciences and techniques for the persons and the community. He has given many speeches, presented numerous papers and symposia at international conferences and congresses on the subject of International Relations, with a particular interest in the application of cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy principles to the field of political sciences. As lecturer on behalf of the Directorate-General Communication of the European Commission he gives conferences to many International Universities, enterprises, and national administrations from different Countries. Dr. Galluccio has worked within the European institutional framework as political analyst and adviser. He was political coordinator at the Directorate-General of the European Commission for Development and Relations with African, Caribbean and Pacific States. Previously he was Spokesman to the President of COPA and coordinator of the Crisis Management Unit at the COPA-COGECA. Among Dr. Galluccio's research interests are those on applied cognitive psychology and psychotherapy; interpersonal negotiations; specific training for negotiators and politicians; preventive diplomacy and conflict resolution; Common Foreign and Security Policy for the European Union; the European Union internal negotiation processes and institutional external communication. He is coauthor of Psychological processes in international negotiations: theoretical and practical perspectives (with F. Aquilar, New York, 2008).

This article highlights the need to form intercultural competence, which is closely in line with the dynamics of globalization and migration - so much publicized in recent years. Intercultural education is the study discipline included in the Romanian National Curriculum starting with 2017, which is taught in the sixth grade, this being the alternative to open communication, understanding, tolerance, interaction, solidarity and intercultural dialogue between people - regardless of ethnicity, race, religion, social condition, etc. Based on theoretical and praxiological analysis regarding the formation of the intercultural competence to the students from the gymnasium classes, three stages imposed in the finalization of the pedagogical experiment are completed: finding, training and verification. The added value of the scientific research paper is supported by teacher training activities based on the theme presented, through the elaboration and application of the Initiation Guide in Education and Intercultural Competence. Increased attention was paid to the theoretical-applied foundations that formed the basis for the elaboration and application of the Pedagogical Model for the formation of intercultural competence to the students from the gymnasium classes.

Sport gilt als ein ausgezeichnetes Mittel der interkulturellen Verständigung. Doch oft ist die Sportpraxis gekennzeichnet durch Mißverständnisse, Konflikte, sogar durch Gewaltausbrüche. Interkulturelle Begegnungen im Sport können Fremdheitserfahrungen hervorrufen. Hier zeigt sich, daß sie neben der kognitiven und affektiven eine starke körperliche Dimension haben. Körperliche Fremdheit kann für die Individuen auch in nicht-sportlichen Kontexten zu einem schwer zu bewältigenden Problem werden. Es ist aber gerade der Körper-Aspekt von Fremdheit und Ethnizität, den die Sozialforschung so gut wie nie in den Blick genommen hat. Geschrieben im Schnittpunkt von Sportforschung, Körpertheorie und Migrationssoziologie, wendet sich dieses Buch an Soziologen, Pädagogen sowie an die am Sport interessierte Fachöffentlichkeit, insgesamt an all diejenigen, die in der Praxis, in Forschung und Lehre mit Themen wie Migration, Ethnizität, Fremdheit zu tun haben. Auf der Grundlage der Gesellschaftstheorie Pierre Bourdieus entwickelt der Verfasser den Ansatz einer praxeologischen Sport- und Migrationsforschung.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- Preface -- Introduction: Silence and the unsaid -- Part I: Autoethnographic narratives -- Transcribing the unsaid -- Forbidden love -- The lady DEO -- Mirror, mirror -- A death foretold -- Scenes from an intercultural marriage -- Alone again, naturally -- A veggie tale -- Part II: Fictional narratives -- Andiamo -- Crush -- Along a winding road -- Draft.doc -- Another word for nothing -- Conclusion: Breaking the silence: Teaching and learning ethnographic writing -- Appendix: A very short list of favorite books on ethnographic writing -- Notes -- References -- Index -- About the author

The article analyzes the main approaches to the study of values in linguistic disciplines, such as ethnolinguistics, ethnolinguistic culture studies, psycholinguistics, ecolinguistics, axiological linguistics, political linguistics and the theory of intercultural communication. ; В статье анализируются основные подходы к исследованию ценностей в лингвистических дисциплинах, таких как этнолингвистика, этнолингвокультурология, психолингвистика, эколингвистика, аксиологическая лингвистика, политическая лингвистика и теория межкультурной коммуникации.

"Interpreting and the Politics of Recognition investigates the historical, ethical and professional dimensions of this, arguably, most widespread form of intercultural communication. Covering key topics from colonialism to representation, ethics and power, it looks at the different linguistic modalities (signed and spoken) used within communities to investigate equality of citizens. The contributors include leading authorities in their fields and use a wide spread of examples from a variety of disparate cultures - including deaf and ethnic minority groups. With eight chapters presented in three thematic sections and a foreword by Michael Cronin setting the book in its wider context, this volume will be of interest to practicing interpreters, researchers and advanced students in the areas of Interpreting Studies, Translation Studies, Linguistics and Communication Studies"--

The article reveals the fundamental contradictions of the globalization processes that have growing influence on the content and form of intercultural communication in the modern world. The possibilities and prospects of historically new forms of cultural interaction and confrontation.

Сегодня благодаря развитию политических, экономических и культурных связей между странами общение между представителями разных наций становится все более тесным. Как известно, для успешной межкультурной коммуникации недостаточно знания иностранного языка, необходимо понимать культуру и образ мыслей другого народа. Литература является неотъемлемой частью культуры любой страны. В литературных произведениях различных жанров отражается история, национальный характер, обычаи и традиции. Чтение и изучение литературы способствует формированию межкультурной компетенции, построению успешного межкультурного диалога, преодолению стереотипов. Проанализирована английская литературная анималистическая сказка с точки зрения отражения в ней взглядов и нравов англичан. Описаны особенности данного литературного жанра, его роль в детской литературе, раскрыт его образовательный и воспитательный потенциал. В качестве примера использовано одно из самых популярных детских произведений ХХ в. Тщательный анализ текста позволяет выделить характерные черты успешного участника межкультурной коммуникации и создать его вербальный портрет. Опираясь на результаты теоретического исследования и конкретные примеры, сделан вывод о целесообразности использования такого материала в педагогических целях. ; Today communication between representatives of different nations is becoming closer due to the development of political, economic and cultural relations between countries. But perfect knowledge of a foreign language does not guarantee successful intercultural communication, one should understand culture and mentality of another nation. Literature is an indispensable part of any country's culture. History, national character, customs and traditions are reflected in literary works of various genres. Reading and studying literature helps to form intercultural competence, to develop successful intercultural dialogue, to overcome stereotypes. The English literary animalistic fairy-tale and beliefs and ideas of the Englishmen reflected in it are analyzed. Peculiarities of this literary genre, its role in the children's literature are described, its educational and pedagogical potential is disclosed. One of the most popular works of the XX century is taken as an example. The thorough text analysis enables to single out the characteristic features of the successful intercultural communicator and to create his verbal portrait. The results of theoretical research work and concrete examples prove the idea about the expediency of using this material in the teaching process.

Реклама по своему значению давно уже вышла за границы чисто утилитарного средства продвижения товаров и услуг и стала важным элементом современной цивилизации, заметным культурным феноменом, чем и объясняется актуальность предложенной статьи. Вкратце описывается становление динамичной рекламной отрасли в России. После экстенсивного развития рекламы в 1990-х гг. в 2000-е начинается интенсивный период развития, характеризующийся повышением уровня качества, креативности, использованием новых технических возможностей. Обозначились национально-специфические особенности российской рекламы: в отличие от западной, которая более рациональна, основана на четкой аргументации, российская реклама более эмоциональна, что проявляется в стремлении показывать типичные истории из жизни людей, заставляющие сопереживать героям. Реклама может не только отражать новейшие тенденции в культуре, но и служить способом восстановления, сохранения, развития и распространения культурных традиций. Это проявляется в учете этнокультурных факторов при переработке рекламы международной организации в условиях конкретной страны. Национально-специфические компоненты рекламы целесообразно выявлять при рассмотрении примеров использования интертекстуальности. Рассматриваются типичные для туристической рекламы национально-культурные компоненты: литературно-художественные элементы (пословицы, поговорки, фразеологизмы, имена писателей, названия их произведений, аллюзии), отсылки к религиозной культуре (библейские и христианские образы), отсылки к традициям, обычаям (традиционные праздники, бытовые предметы). В условиях глобализации реклама становится средством межкультурной коммуникации, выводит национальную культуру на международную арену. Выявление национально-культурных компонентов в рекламе немыслимо без интертекстуального анализа. ; The presented study is topical since advertizing has long ceased to be a purely utilitarian means of advancement of goods and services and has become an important element of the modern civilization and a major political phenomenon. The article briefly describes the development of the dynamic advertizing business in Russia. The extensive period in the history of advertizing of the 1990s is replaced in the early 2000s by an intensive period, which is characterized by the raising of quality, creativity and use of new technologies. The following national-specific features of the Russian advertizing were formed: in contrast to the Western advertizing, which is more rational and is based on clear argumentation, the Russian one is more emotional, which is often reflected in the wish to show typical episodes from the life of different people, making the target audience feel close to the characters of the advertisement. Advertizing is capable not only to reflect the newest tendencies in the culture, but also to serve a means of restoration, preservation, development and dissemination of cultural traditions. This is manifested by taking into account ethno-cultural factors while studying the advertisements of an international organization in the conditions of a given country. National-specific components should be singled out while studying the cases of the use of intertextuality. The authors analyze the typical tourist discourse national-specific components: literary elements (proverbs, sayings, phraseologicak units, names of writers, titles of books, allusions, etc.), allusions to the religious culture (biblical and Christian images), and references to traditions and customs (traditional holidays, domestic appliances, etc.). In the conditions of globalization, advertizing becomes a means of intercultural communication and leads the national culture vonto the international stage. Revealing national-specific components in advertizing is impossible without an intertextual analysis. KEYWORDS: advertising text; language; national cultural elements; intertextual analysis; intercultural communication.

В статье исследуются вопросы необходимости межкультурной коммуникации между студентами-иностранцами, обучающимися на подготовительных факультетах российских вузов, и преподавателями русского языка как иностранного. Рассматриваются отдельные культурные особенности представителей таких государств, как Китай, Вьетнам и страны Арабского Востока. Делается вывод о том, что успешная межкультурная коммуникация и знание преподавателем обычаев и традиций студентов, обучающихся на подготовительных факультетах, будут способствовать более активной адаптации иностранных учащихся к жизни в стране изучаемого языка. ; The article is devoted to the research of problems connected with intercultural communication between foreign students learning at preparatory faculties of Russian higher educational establishments and teachers of Russian as a foreign language. Some cultural peculiarities of China, Vietnam and Arab East representatives are being examined. Conclusion is made that successful intercultural communication and teacher's knowledge of students' (getting education at preparatory faculty) customs and traditions will lead to more active adaptation of foreign learners to life in the country the language of which they are studying.