John Locke and the ideals of enlightenment
The article analyzes the fundamental concepts and pedagogical views of the British teacher, philosopher, representative of empiricism and liberalism John Locke, known in the world as one of the most influential thinkers of the Enlightenment and theorist of liberalism. The practical rationalism of the Anglo-Saxon culture is studied, as well as the influence and significance that the great thinker had on the education and training system in English schools. The article analyzes the philosophical-psychological theory of the "clean board" (Latin Tabula rasa), which consists in denying the existence of "innate" ideas and concepts in the human mind, showing that the human psyche is born from birth like a clean board or a blank sheet, where there are no inscriptions. The goal of education is to bring up a true gentleman, a nobleman by birth, a business man who knows how to manage his business intelligently and favorably, has good physical training and is distinguished by his "grace" behavior in society.