Suchergebnisse

Abstract
Might religion function as an incentive for cooperation? This article defends that religion is an incentive for cooperation from both an evolutionary perspective (based on game-theoretical models) and a philosophical perspective. Religion (defined as god-fearing behavior) can be described as evolutionary advantageous since one refrained from actions perceived as immoral and contrary to God's will. Under the assumption that god-fearing behavior is equal to cooperative behavior, god-fearing behavior is a corrective for ethical failure. However, even today religion can function as a corrective for ethical failure: religion can dissolve the contrast between morality and self-interest by promoting one's ability to see an intrinsic value in cooperative, moral behavior.

Beschrieben und bewertet werden die wichtigsten Projekte interarabischer Kooperation bzw. die vielfältigen Versuche der Abstimmung, Annäherung und Koordinierung im Bildungssektor zwecks Förderung eines gesamtarabischen Bewußtseins. Ausgangspunkt ist der vom Rat der Arabischen Liga im November 1945 bestätigte Kulturvertrag, der die Erarbeitung einheitlicher Curricula und Schulbücher auf den Gebieten der Geschichte, Geographie und Literatur vorsah. Ein zweiter Anlauf im Jahre 1964 führte zur Gründung der bis heute bedeutsamen Arabischen Organisation für Erziehung, Kultur und Wissenschaften (ALECSO), deren verschiedene Aktivitäten und Zweijahres-Kongresse geschildert werden. Als Beispiel neuester subregionaler Zusammenarbeit wird das 1976 auf Initiative Saudi-Arabiens gegründete Arab Bureau of Education for the Gulf States (ABEGS) vorgestellt, dem 1978 ein spezielles Forschungszentrum (The Gulf Arab States Educational Research Center, GASERC) mit Sitz in Kuwait beigeordnet wurde. (DÜI-Asd)

Abstract
Recent developments in economics and the science of law emphasize their cooperation for a better understanding of social structures and interactions, an effective application of social scientific knowledge and a rational evaluation and implementation of social norms. There are, however, difficult methodological problems in this endeavor: Whereas economics is mainly (with the exception of welfare economics) an empirical science which collects information about economic activities and the functioning of the economic system, the science of law is a normative discipline aiming at solving social conflicts and establishing rational principles for judicial decisions. In this paper, we suggest a three-level scheme for the interdisciplinary cooperation of law and economics, addressing the different problems that positive and normative economics face as they apply economic knowledge to legal matters. Economic analysis of law is proposed as a model for a general transformation of the traditionally hermeneutical jurisprudence into an analytic-normative science of law based on theoretical expectation (explanation) and the rational evaluation of the consequences of legal rules and principles.