Suchergebnisse

Este artigo apresenta uma leitura crítica do conteúdo de dois filmes que abordam o preconceito racial. Foram selecionados os filmes: Um grito de liberdade e Sarafina o som da liberdade, como fonte de pesquisa. O objetivo é investigar os aspectos culturais, econômicos, sociais e políticos da África, a fim de propor uma metodologia de análise fílmica, com base nos Estudos Culturais. De que maneira o cinema, ao mostrar os conflitos sociais gerados pelas leis raciais, pode contribuir para formar professores mais preparados e capazes de lidar com o racismo e o preconceito na sala de aula? No espaço escolar, esses filmes analisados na perspectiva de Douglas Kellner, Michel Foucault e Stuart Hall, podem ampliar a nossa compreensão sobre a lógica da dominação pela segregação racial e contribuir para mobilizar ações de valorização e de reconhecimento da história e cultura africana e afro-brasileiro.

Using the Foucaultian framework, we examine here the basic assumption of the modern and contemporary political order, namely the decisive conception that men are governable. In the genealogical path opened by Michel Foucault we examined the political reworking of what was originally the Judeo-Christian spiritual power of governing souls. For Foucault, the modern political government of men is situated at the intersection of two sets of powers foreshadowed in early Christianity: a) the pastoral art of conducting conduct displaced from the eschatological destination of souls to the calculated management of (biopolitical) biological life and b) the dual production of the knowledge necessary for good governance; the utilitarian production of the truth that serves the pastoral art of government itself and the pure or aleturgical manifestation of the truth with regard to the governable.

The research seeks to overcome a science teaching aimed at learning scientific concepts, moving towards an education in science that is critical and connected with modern political issues, towards understanding the nature of scientific work and towards discussions about patriarchy. Based on the recurrence in the literature of Marie Curie as an example of women in science, we developed the research with a view to answering the following question: what conditions enabled Marie Curie to participate in science and how the understanding of these conditions allows discussions in science education about the low numbers of female examples in the history of sciencethe. Answering the question based on references from science education and the historiography of the Cultural History of Science, the results enhance discussions in science education about women's participation in science, promoting critical understandings about science and patriarchy. ; La investigación busca superar una enseñanza de la ciencia orientada al aprendizaje de conceptos científicos, avanzando hacia una educación científica crítica y conectada con las cuestiones políticas modernas, la comprensión de la naturaleza del trabajo científico y la discusión sobre el patriarcado. Partiendo de la recurrencia en la literatura de Marie Curie como ejemplo de mujeres en la ciencia, desarrollamos la investigación con miras a dar respuesta a la siguiente pregunta: qué condiciones permitieron a Marie Curie participar en la ciencia y cómo la discusión de estas condiciones en la educación científica y cómo la comprensión de estas condiciones permite en la educación científica discusiones sobre el bajo número de mujeres en la ciencia. Respondiendo a la pregunta basada en referencias de la educación científica y la historiografía de la Historia Cultural de la Ciencia, los resultados mejoran las discusiones en la educación científica sobre la participación de las mujeres en la ciencia, promoviendo entendimientos críticos sobre la ciencia y el patriarcado. ; A pesquisa ...

O texto analisa alguns aspectos teóricos da Historia d Literatura, num primeiro momento, para, na segunda parte, enfocar os historiadores estrangeiros e brasileiros, pioneiros na proposição de uma historia da literatura para o Brasil e, finalmente, na terceira parte, associar a questão historiográfica à realidade política do segundo Império, procurando discutir o papel do discurso historiográfico na identidade nacional brasileira. This study has a threefold structure. First, some theoretical aspects of Literary History are analyzed. Then, the focus shifts to the Brazilian and foreign historians who pioneered the proposition of a Brazilian literary history. Finally, in the third part, the historiographic question is associated to the political reality of the Second Empire, ia an attempt to discuss the role of historiographic discourse in the construction of the Brazilian national identity.

A partir da indagação sobre as possibilidades de participação social e efetiva interação da população nas pesquisas científicas na saúde, buscou-se analisar como a Política Nacional de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação em Saúde aborda essa dimensão comunicativa. Deste modo, examinouse o documento oficial desta política por meio da análise temática. A comunicação sobre ciência, tecnologia e inovação à população é tratada, principalmente, no item sobre a difusão dos avanços científicos e tecnológicos, sendo designada com diferentes termos, cujos significados e objetivos, embora distintos, são tratados como sinônimos. A ideia central de comunicação gira em torno de um conteúdo a ser transferido a determinados públicos, de forma unidirecional e verticalizada, de um "emissor" para um "receptor". Tal perspectiva contrasta com a possibilidade de uma comunicação mais horizontalizada e participativa na produção de conhecimento e apropriação de tecnologias, como vislumbrado e desenvolvido por estudos e práticas sobre engajamento público na ciência ou letramento científico. Reconhecendo-se o mérito do processo que culminou nesta política e considerando o contexto político, social e cultural brasileiro é importante impulsionar propostas comunicativas de participação efetiva da sociedade nas questões de ciência, tecnologia e inovação na saúde, coerentemente com os princípios democráticos e participativos do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). ; From the inquiry about the possibilities for social participation and effective population interaction in health research, this article aims to analyze how the communicative dimension is approached in the National Policy for Science, Technology, and Innovation in Health. For that, the official document of this policy underwent a thematic analysis. The communication of science, technology, and innovation for population features mainly at the "scientific and technological advances diffusion" section, designated under different expressions that, although presenting distinct meanings and goals, are stated as synonymous in the document. Overall, the policy considers communication as the upright and unidirectional transfer of content to specific audiences – from a sender to a receiver. Such perspective contrasts with the horizontal and participative perspective of knowledge construction and technological appropriation preconized by studies on public engagement in science and scientific literacy. Considering our political, social, and cultural context, along with the merit of the Policy's creation process, communication proposals must include an effective public participation in science, technology, and innovation in health, respecting the democratic and participative principles postulated by the National Health System.

Marx's engagement in philosophy has from the outset attempted a more objective development of humanism insofar as it only enters into such discipline in pursuit of a rationality whose development is not cut off from the concrete transformation of the world. Such is his impression of philosophy under the Hegelian dialectic: only philosophical reason would perceive itself as an undisputed form of reality, being able to realize the humanism that in Law is given as a pure idealism. In the Preparatory Notes for his doctoral thesis entitled Difference between the Philosophies of Democritus and Epicurus (DFDE) Marx developed a philosophy of history alternative to that of Hegel, indicating that democracy did not suffer decline in Greece due to the development of philosophical reason, but because of the victory of a philosophical reason that had undergone a change to theology.

Leonardo Bruni (1370-1444), chancellor and historian, is the author of one of the main praises of the city of Florence of this period. In writing to Laudatio florentinae urbis (1403-1404), the humanist describes Florence and its government as a well-ordered, beautiful, wholesome, free and participatory city. The paper analyzes this text not only as a rhetorical piece, but highlights the republican ideals of freedom, self-government and citizenship. From an institutional point of view, Laudatio offers the foundations of mixed government, which would become a central aspect of Renaissance republicanism. From the ancients, Bruni removes the idea of the division of powers from the classic triad monarchy, aristocracy and democracy, with the separation of functions in each of these pure forms. Bruni points out that both aspects of antiquity can be found in the Florentine institutions of his time, in such a way that he observes in the historical fact the realization of an ancient political theory, complementing, therefore, the idealization of the city.

O ARTIGO resume o itinerário do autor como historiador da Literatura Brasileira, teórico de poesia e estudioso de nossa formação cultural. Os momentos iniciais desse percurso recebem particular atenção: o estudo da Estética de Croce, o conhecimento da filosofia marxista de Gramsci, a influência do existencialismo cristão no final dos anos de 1950 e o engajamento na política de esquerda no Brasil dos anos de 1960 e 1970. Como docente de Literatura Italiana, o autor escreveu teses sobre Pirandello e Leopardi, ambas inéditas. Trabalhando no campo da história literária, na esteira da obra de Otto Maria Carpeaux, examinou as relações dialéticas entre ideologia e poesia e ideologia e narrativa, o que lhe abriu caminho para o seu conceito de literatura como resistência. Ao elaborar a Dialética da Colonização, dedicou-se ao estudo das tensões que marcam a história das ideologias no Brasil. ; THIS ESSAY summarizes the author's itinerary as historian of Brazilian literature, theoretician of poetry and scholar of our cultural heritage. The initial moments of this career merit special attention: the study of Croce's aesthetics, the first acquaintance with Gramsci's Marxist philosophy, the influence of Christian Existentialism in the late 1950s, and the political engagement in leftist politics in Brazil in the 1960s and 70s. As professor of Italian Literature, the author has written theses on Pirandello and Leopardi, which remain unpublished. As a student of literary history, in the wake Otto Maria Carpeaux's work, the author examines the dialectic relationships between ideology and poetry, and ideology and prose, which led to his concept of literature as resistance. When writing the Dialectics of Colonization, he immersed himself in the study of the tensions that distinguish the history of ideologies in Brazil.

The STS movement, which emerged in embryonic in the middle of last century and made over the decades, remains relevant to the society we live in. Thus, it is recurrent the need for a participation of this society in the direction given to the scientific and technological activity, demanding more democratic decisions. In this sense the research is based on the questionings: what is the characterization of educational practices carried out in STS field in Basic Education and in teacher training?; And, as has been the participation of society in scientific and technological development? As objectives, we seek: (i) identify which subjects have participated in decision-making on scientific and technological development, and how; (ii) analyze data referrals in respect of educational practices STS; (iii) to investigate whether the STS assumptions are advancing the Academy to implement educational practices; (iv) to point out horizons for Science Education in the perspective of curricular settings guided by the constitution of a culture of participation. It is a bibliographical research whose methodology was the Discursive Textual Analysis, composed of unitarization, categorization and communication. The corpus of analysis emerged four categories: 1) Limitations practices STS implemented; 2) Methodological aspects of practicas STS; 3) Social participation in the development of ST in classrooms; 4) Justifications for insertion of STS practices.