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Students have protested high school dress codes and their obligation to recite anthems and pledges. Teen activists such as Jamie Margolin, the founder of Zero Hour, and Xiuhtezcatl Martinez have made their voices heard on climate change. Teens have rallied around transgender students Lila Perry and Gavin Grimm for the right to use their preferred restrooms. After the school shooting in Parkland, Florida, killed 17 people, the nation met a new group of teen activists, including Emma Gonzalez and David Hogg. It was hardly the first school shooting the nation had seen; for students, it was the last straw. Rallying for stricter gun laws, high school students must now balance their journey through adolescence with the weight of political activism. Readers will engage with this timely collection, complete with media literacy terms and questions.

Amidst an unceasingly intricate political agenda lies what many consider a grave and often ignored issue:global warming.It would be naïve to overlook the current international political and financial demands, but few can refute global warmings ever-increasing presence looming on the horizon.Fortunately, technological developments have brought about more affordable alternative energy sources, though most still require a fairly steep investment.I stress the term investment because alternative energy sources arent something you can purchase with those ten hours of overtime last week, but thinking in the long-term, imagine the benefits that will come from your green steps into the future.

In this article I focus on neo-animist, relational ontologies that are active within and beyond contemporary Pagan communities in the Salento area of Italy. By addressing case-studies such as "spiritual neotarantismo," the querelle around the Xylella Fastidiosa epidemics that has been affecting olive trees, and NoTAP activism, I argue that many Salentinians today pursue health and well-being by embracing neo-animist attitudes that consider human and non-human persons alike as kin. By analyzing these neo-animist stances in conversation with the work of the philosopher Roberto Esposito, I will offer examples of ways of being in which "contact, relationality, and being in common" are not "liquidated" (Esposito, Welch, and Lemm 2021a),but fostered and put at the center of personal and collective practices of well-being and of political activism.

This paper argues, with a focus on the final 10 years of the Mubarak regime, that the US policy of using economic interdependence to influence stability in Egypt failed. By assessing the formation of this US policy and the factors concerning US‒Egyptian ties, this paper also provides a better understanding of US policy towards Egypt in general. The argument is entrenched in the stability through economic interdependence literature and identifies how this case study disproves the positive correlation associated with these two variables. The paper achieves this aim by consulting primary source governmental and non-governmental material, media, analytical and scholarly work concerned with the topic. Consequently, the paper identifies how and why Egypt's alignment to the 'War on Terror', suppression of political opposition and the run-up to the 2011 Egyptian Revolution, led to the US policy failure.

What is an international crisis of legitimacy? And how does one resolve such crises? This article addresses these conceptual issues, laying the theoretical foundations for the special issue as a whole. An actor or institution experiences a crisis of legitimacy, it is argued, when the level of social recognition that its identity, interests, practices, norms, or procedures are rightful declines to the point where it must either adapt (by reconstituting or recalibrating the social bases of its legitimacy, or by investing more heavily in material practices of coercion or bribery) or face disempowerment. International crises of legitimacy can be resolved only through recalibration, which necessarily involves the communicative reconciliation of the actor's or institution's social identity, interests, practices, norms, or procedures, with the normative expectations of other actors within its realm of political action.

What is an international crisis of legitimacy? And how does one resolve such crises? This article addresses these conceptual issues, laying the theoretical foundations for the special issue as a whole. An actor or institution experiences a crisis of legitimacy, it is argued, when the level of social recognition that its identity, interests, practices, norms, or procedures are rightful declines to the point where it must either adapt (by reconstituting or recalibrating the social bases of its legitimacy, or by investing more heavily in material practices of coercion or bribery) or face disempowerment. International crises of legitimacy can be resolved only through recalibration, which necessarily involves the communicative reconciliation of the actor's or institution's social identity, interests, practices, norms, or procedures, with the normative expectations of other actors within its realm of political action.

Islam is a religion that elevates the degree of women in various positions. The position and the honor of women which is equal with men is justified by Islam. One of them is the right of women in politics, such as women's rights in the election, nomination for political office, as well as the right to participate in public affairs. This assumption is the thesis of an understanding of the general arguments contained in the Qur'an and Sunnah, for both men and women. Unless the distinction of their fitrah in the household, one male and one female. Women have their own fitrah such as menstruation, nifas, istihadhah, pregnancy, giving a birth, feeding, parenting and so forth. While men have level of 'qawamah', leadership, responsibility towards their family, and also the right to provide food for the family.

Islam is a religion that elevates the degree of women in various positions. The position and the honor of women which is equal with men is justified by Islam. One of them is the right of women in politics, such as women's rights in the election, nomination for political office, as well as the right to participate in public affairs. This assumption is the thesis of an understanding of the general arguments contained in the Qur'an and Sunnah, for both men and women. Unless the distinction of their fitrah in the household, one male and one female. Women have their own fitrah such as menstruation, nifas, istihadhah, pregnancy, giving a birth, feeding, parenting and so forth. While men have level of 'qawamah', leadership, responsibility towards their family, and also the right to provide food for the family.

The means by which political parties raise & spend hard & soft money in US congressional campaigns was examined, especially for the 2002 campaign that preceded the tighter election laws of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act. Between 1996-2002, soft money spending by both parties expanded because it was less constrained & easier to raise than hard money, more helpful in candidate-specific election messages, & could be targeted to the most competitive races. The expansion of soft money allowed the Democrats to reach parity in campaign spending with the Republicans in 2000 & 2002. The vehicles for spending soft money are examined. Parties focused their spending efforts on a few competitive races & conveyed mainly negative messages. Channeling campaign spending through the national party committees has not strengthened the parties because their soft money was spread over candidate-specific ads. Tables, Figures. M. Pflum

On the occasion of the bicentennial of the publication of Kant's Treatise on Perpetual Peace, the author attempts to evoke & actualize that classic of modern philosophy of politics. According to Hajo Schmidt, the strong point of Kant's concept was his realism, which prevented him from slipping into intellectual, utopian idealization of human nature & political relations among people. Having in mind not only the rational but also irrational aspects of human nature, ie, the insuperable chasm between good & evil, Kant in that respect offers edifying peacemaking propositions. This he achieves by advocating the concepts of free individuals, independent national states, & the cosmopolitan unity of humankind. These three moments make up the content of Kant's concept of republicanism. Their identity & plurality are the foundations of the peace. 3 References. Adapted from the source document.

On the occasion of the bicentennial of the publication of Kant's Treatise on Perpetual Peace, the author attempts to evoke & actualize that classic of modern philosophy of politics. According to Hajo Schmidt, the strong point of Kant's concept was his realism, which prevented him from slipping into intellectual, utopian idealization of human nature & political relations among people. Having in mind not only the rational but also irrational aspects of human nature, ie, the insuperable chasm between good & evil, Kant in that respect offers edifying peacemaking propositions. This he achieves by advocating the concepts of free individuals, independent national states, & the cosmopolitan unity of humankind. These three moments make up the content of Kant's concept of republicanism. Their identity & plurality are the foundations of the peace. 3 References. Adapted from the source document.

Evaluated is the Green party's proposal for reform of the UK budget, which advocates replacing economic growth indicators with a variety of criteria aimed at the calculation of broader social & environmental gains & losses. The budget also endorses: reducing the formal work sector & expanding the informal sector of nonpaid work for home & community; building an ecologically sustainable economy through environmental taxation & recycling of half the revenues in the "supply side"; attacking the culture of poverty with increases in child benefits & the basic tax allowance; & economic decentralization. The budget is criticized for: neglecting the problem of inequality across classes, misunderstanding the political-economic crisis of capitalism, & not taking into account the effect of its general tax strategy on the capital accumulation process. The budget proves the unworkable nature of a classless approach to ecological economics. W. Howard