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Digital technologies have helped consolidate the wealth and influence of a small number of people. By taking advantage of flexible labor and by shifting accountability to individuals, sharing economy platforms have furthered insecure conditions for racial, ethnic, and sexual minorities, women, indigenous people, migrants, and peoples in the Global South. At the same time, precarity has become increasingly generalized, expanding to the creative class and digital producers themselves. If networked lives are always imagined as productive, virtuous, connective, and efficient, it is clear that these networks are broken. Written by Precarity Lab, a group of intergenerational, transnational feminist and people and women of color scholars, this manifesto envisions a new approach to digital studies. It argues for a new analytic for tracing how precarity unfolds across disparate geographic sites and cultural practices in the digital age.

Departing from tendencies to bound precarity in particular time periods and world regions, this article develops an expansive view of precarity over time and across space. Beyond effects of specific global events and macroscale structures, precarity inhabits the microspaces of everyday life. However, people attempt to disengage the stress of precarious life by constructing the illusion of certainty. Reflexive denial of precarious life entails essentialist strategies that implicitly or explicitly classify and homogenize people and phenomena, legitimize the constructed boundaries, and in the process aim at eliminating difference and possibilities for negotiation; the tension between these goals and material realities helps explain misrepresentations that can be catastrophic at multiple scales, re-creating precarity. Reactions to 9/11 by the Bush administration represent a case in point of reflexive denial of precarity through strategies that created illusions of certainty with deleterious results. Normatively, the paradox of precarious life and reflexive denials prompts questions as to how urges for certainty in the context of precarity might be constructively channeled. the author approaches this challenge in the final section by drawing from a nexus of concerns about post-Habermasian radical democracy, individual thought and feeling, and network dynamics. Whereas Hardt and Negri reverse the direction of the Foucauldian concept of biopower from top-down to bottom-up, the author draws from Foucault's concept of governmentality in relation to resistance to imagine a cooperative politics operating within as well as across scales.

Edmund Husserl's phenomenological method has mostly been applied to epistemological questions. However, it also has great potential for analysing phenomena of social and political relevance. This text outlines a phenomenology of social precariousness, showing how it impacts the experiential, temporal, perceptual and self-perceptual structures of the subject, thereby influencing intergenerational relations.

Table of ContentsIntroduction: Global Precarity's Uneven Impacts on Journalism: Linda Steiner and Kalyani ChadhaPart I: THEORETICAL, HISTORICAL and ECONOMIC CONTEXT:Kalyani Chadha and Linda Steiner: Precarity: The Concept, Evolution, Forms and ApplicationsJohn Nerone: The Labor History of Newswork from Industrialization to the Digital AgeKrishnan Vasudevan: Dead on Arrival: Deadspin's Fight with its Private Equity Owner and The Rise of Defector Part II: APPLICATIONS TO JOURNALISM SPECIALIZATIONS AND INNOVATIONS.Carey L. Higgins-Dobney: Producing in precarity: A Focus on Freelancing in U.S. Local Television Newsrooms Lindsay Palmer: The Precarious Labor of Freelance War CorrespondentsCherian George: "All the news that's fit to print. Except for cartoons. Those things are scary"Karin Wahl-Jorgensen: Precarity in Community Journalism Start-Ups: The Deep Story of SacrificeSofie Willemsen and Tamara Witschge: "Becoming Real": Professional Precarity in Entrepreneurial JournalismPart III: Regional and National ParticularitiesAdriana Amado, Mireya Márquez-Ramírez and Silvio Waisbord: Labor Precarity and Gig Journalism in Latin AmericaHarry Dugmore: Endogenous "Precarious Professionalism" in African NewsworkMirjam Gollmitzer: Alleviating or Exacerbating Precarity? How Freelancers in Germany and Canada Experience Policies Regulating Insecure Journalistic laborPART IV: RESISTANCE AND PRODUCTIVITYErwin van 't Hof and Mark Deuze: Making Precarity ProductiveNicole S. Cohen and Greig de Peuter: Collectively Confronting Journalists' Precarity through UnionizationVerica Rupar: The Responsibilities of Journalism Educators

Though often named as such in publicity materials, Filipa César is credited not as the director of Spell Reel (2017), but as having undertaken "assemblage." Part of the collaborative project Luta ca caba inda, films including Spell Reel and Conakry (2013) are built around archival fragments stored in the Instituto Nacional de Cinema e Audiovisual in Guinea-Bissau. They were exposed to adverse conditions before being retrieved and digitized. These images, which remain unrestored, are traces of a militant cinema praxis forged during the anti-colonial resistance to Portuguese rule. This essay situates Spell Reel and Conakry (2013) as mobile homes for these images, enabling an audience of Guineans and others to come into contact with them in a context that situates their precarity as not a matter of loss but a method of inquiry. César foregrounds the laborious processes of assembly in place of authorship, thus revealing the potential of the cinematic medium to function as an infrastructural formation.

This review examines precarity through two foci. First, I focus on related terms of the lumpenproletariat and informal economy, each of which have left their mark on the notion of precarity as a bounded historical condition, and its related notion of the precariat, a sociological category of those who find themselves subject to intermittent casual forms of labor. I explore the ways in which these terms offer pictures of politics and the state that are inherited by the term precarity, understood as the predicament of those who live at the juncture of unstable contract labor and a loss of state provisioning. I then turn to the second pole of precarity to chart a tension between asserting a common condition of ontological precarity and the impulse to describe the various ways in which vulnerability appears within forms of life.

Chapter 1: Introduction -- Chapter 2: Precarity and the Nexus of Governmentality and Sovereignty -- Chapter 3: Biopolitics of Precarity -- Chapter 4: Notes on Abandonement -- Chapter 5: The Internationalization of Precarity? -- Chapter 6: Irregular Labor and the 'Life of the State' -- Chapter 7: Urban Informality and Precarity in the Modern International -- Chapter 8: Financing Precarity -- Chapter 9: Within the Factory of Mobility -- Chapter 10: Fashioning and Contesting Precariousness -- Chapter 11: Disability Counter-Communities -- Chapter 12: Perceptual Precarity and Butler's Ambivalent Social Bond -- Chapter 13: Precarity and the Struggle against Alienated Work -- Chapter 14: Conclusion.