Suchergebnisse

The Republic of China (ROC) became a foreign aid donor in the early 1960s, when it was still a poor and developing country itself. Yet, within a decade it was providing agricultural and technical assistance to some fourty countries in Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Latin America. The essay addresses the issue of foreign aid in ROC's foreign relations. (DÜI-Sen)

This paper focuses on Taiwan's aid to the Marshall Islands. Three types of Taiwanese aid are discussed: as part of the Marshall Islands trust fund, as part of the Marshall Islands governmental budget, and the Taiwan Technical Mission. While Taiwan's aid plays a role in upgrading agricultural and rural development, it is also embroiled in controversies such as mixed local empowerment and constraints by the Cold War legacy.

"Foreign Aid" published on by Oxford University Press.

Intro -- FOREIGN AID: ANALYSES OF EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND DONOR COORDINATION -- FOREIGN AID: ANALYSES OF EFFICIENCY, EFFECTIVENESS AND DONOR COORDINATION -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 DOES FOREIGN AID WORK? EFFORTS TO EVALUATE U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- DOES AID WORK? A BRIEF SUMMARY -- IMPACT AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATIONS -- HISTORY OF U.S. FOREIGN ASSISTANCE EVALUATION -- EVALUATION CHALLENGES -- Mixed Objective -- Funding and Personnel Constraints -- Emphasis on Accountability of Funds -- Methodological Challenges -- Compressed Timelines -- Country Ownership and Donor Coordination -- Security -- Agency and Personal Incentives -- APPLYING EVALUATION FINDINGS TO POLICY -- CURRENT AGENCY EVALUATION POLICIES -- ISSUES FOR CONGRESS -- Reform Authorization Legislation -- Appropriations for Enhanced Evaluation -- Impact of Evidence Based Approach on Congressional Priorities -- CONCLUSION -- APPENDIX A. SELECT ASPECTS OF CURRENT USAID, STATE DEPARTMENT, AND MCC EVALUATION POLICIES -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 FOREIGN AID: INTERNATIONAL DONOR COORDINATION OF DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- SUMMARY -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE -- WHY COORDINATE? -- WHY NOT COORDINATE? -- INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR DONOR COORDINATION -- WPAE High Level Forums -- Rome High Level Forum on Donor Harmonization -- Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness -- Accra Agenda for Action -- Busan Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation -- The Global Partnership for Effective Development Cooperation -- IMPLEMENTING DONOR COORDINATION -- Global Mechanisms -- Use of Multilateral Organizations -- Joint Assistance Strategies -- Sector-Wide Approaches (SWAps) -- Data Sharing -- U.S.-Specific Mechanisms for Donor Coordination -- USAID Guidance -- USAID Coordination Officers -- Coordinators of Cross-Cutting Initiatives

IN THE EARLY 1960'S THE REPUBLIC OF CHINA (ROC) BECAME A FOREIGN AID DONOR. AT THAT TIME, ITS AID CONSISTED CHIEFLY OF AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE TO THE NEWLY-INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES OF AFRICA, WHICH WERE DEEMED IMPORTANT TO TAIPEI'S EFFORT TO MAINTAIN ITS SEAT IN THE UNITED NATIONS. AFTER THE ROC WAS FORCED TO WITHDRAW FROM THE UNITED NATIONS IN 1971, ITS AID FOCUS SHIFTED TO LATIN AMERICA. IN THE 1980'S, THE COMBINATION OF ECONOMIC STRENGTH AND DIPLOMATIC ISOLATION INCREASINGLY PROMPTED THE ROC TO USE FOREIGN AID AS A DIPLOMATIC TOOL. THE POLITICAL MOTIVES BEHIND FOREIGN AID, THE MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS' DOMINATION OF FOREIGN AID DECISION MAKING, AND THE LACK OF LEGISLATIVE SUPERVISION OVER AID HAVE ALL PROVOKED CONTROVERSY IN TAIWAN. THE ROC SHOULD TRY TO ACHIEVE A BALANCE BETWEEN ECONOMIC EFFECTIVENESS AND DIPLOMATIC INTERESTS IN ITS FOREIGN AID PROGRAMS, AND IT SHOULD HAVE A MORE OPEN FOREIGN AID DECISION-MAKING PROCESS.