The impact of World War II on policing in North-West Europe
In: Samenleving, criminaliteit & strafrechtspleging 27
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In: Samenleving, criminaliteit & strafrechtspleging 27
In: KWALON: Tijdschrift voor Kwalitatief Onderzoek, Band 25, Heft 1
ISSN: 1875-7324
Voor ons ligt het eerste nummer van KWALON van de jaren Twintig. We schrijven het met een hoofdletter, want dat klinkt heel spannend en roept referenties op aan de Roaring Twenties van een eeuw geleden; we weten hoe dat afliep: met de beurscrisis van 1929. Het doet mij ook denken aan Geert Mak, die zijn serie In Europa begint met de vaststelling: 'We begonnen de nieuwe eeuw vol optimisme, alles kon alleen maar beter worden.' Dat is voor mij wel een beetje een verrassende tekst, die wellicht meer iets zegt over wat er in Maks tv-serie aan de orde komt, dan over de toestand op de rand van de nieuwe eeuw. Zoals de Roaring Twenties pas achteraf roaring bleken, zo is ook Geerts optimisme een toevoeging achteraf. We begonnen de eeuw immers in bange afwachting van computercrashes (vanwege verwachte datumproblemen van de wat oudere pc's), een internet-zeepbel rond aandelen (denk aan Nina Brinks World Online), de onderwaardering van de gulden in de nieuwe euromunt, 2001 met 9-11, 2002 met de LPF-crisis en de moord op Fortuyn, 2003 met de invasie in Irak, en ga zo maar door.
In: KWALON: Tijdschrift voor Kwalitatief Onderzoek, Band 18, Heft 2
ISSN: 1875-7324
In: Theologie Ost-West 9
The ethical distress of the (post)modern world stimulates and directs us to reflect our ethical and cultural grounds. Man is a transcendent being. He cannot reach or put in order immediate goods he needs if he is not prepared to acknowledge the grounds of his person and develop the virtues of prudence, love, hope, faith, wisdom, justice, courage, temperance etc. These are ethical questions concerning different worldviews and cannot be solved only by scientific methods. Many people who in the past did not care for religion as such, now take seriously religious personal and societal aspects of humane life. The fundamental crucial questions of man are ethical questions. They are in various ways related or perplexed with the question of faith and of science.
In: Res publica: politiek-wetenschappelijk tijdschrift van de Lage Landen ; driemaandelijks tijdschrift, Band 31, Heft 4, S. 565-591
ISSN: 0486-4700
A review of the literature -- both empirical & theoretical -- on modernization as defined by the classical Western model, which assumes that a uniform world of political democracies with free market economies will be the natural result of economic development. It is suggested that this model is too deterministic for non-Western countries because it does not distinguish between the demands of modernization & the preconditions for democratization. Many studies have found that there is no direct relationship between economic growth & political democratization. Modern political entities develop common characteristics, including the design of participatory structures & processes, but there is no evidence that the Western economic model should be adopted by all modernizing societies. 5 Figures. Adapted from the source document.
In: Studia diplomatica: Brussels journal of international relations, Band 57, Heft 1, S. 83-108
ISSN: 0770-2965
In: KWALON: Tijdschrift voor Kwalitatief Onderzoek, Band 24, Heft 3
ISSN: 1875-7324
Business event as fieldwork site?
A major methodological problem in the ethnographic study of international business elites is to make visible the social relations they draw and depend on. Business elites constitute a highly mobile social category and they mediate a growing portion of everyday social interaction via online, digital means. They are elusive, therefore, and that compromises the possibility of making direct observations of their social practices, which erodes the scope to ethnographically study this important group in the world economy. The essay shows how fieldwork on business events, such as conferences, expositions, and trade fairs, can help to overcome this problem. Such events constitute focal points and moments of crystallization in globally operating social networks, making visible a part of the international business 'theatre' that normally lags hidden. By presenting excerpts from recent fieldwork carried out in Belgium, Greece and the Netherlands, I give an impression of observables in this theatre, aiming especially at fostering an awareness of social behavior 'backstage' with a view to formulating further questions. The essay concludes with a plea to include business events as 'field schools' in study programs looking at international business elites, such as business schools and/or business economics.
In: Acta politica: AP ; international journal of political science ; official journal of the Dutch Political Science Association (Nederlandse Kring voor Wetenschap der Politiek), Band 10, Heft 2, S. 156-187
ISSN: 0001-6810
A GRADUAL ADAPTATION OF MILITARY SOCIOLOGY & MILITARY POLITICAL SCIENCE TO THE SHIFTING ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN THIRD WORLD POLITICS IS SUGGESTED. 5 PHASES ARE TRACED: (1) THE BELIEF IN THE 'WESTERN' ROLE OF THE MILITARY IN THE THIRD WORLD, (2) THE SURPRISE OF MILITARY INTERVENTIONS IN AFRICAN POLITICAL SYSTEMS, (3) THE ACCEPTANCE OF MILITARY INTERVENTIONS AS A 'NORMAL' & 'INSTITUTIONALIZED' PHENOMENON, (4) THE ACCEPTANCE OF MILITARY REGIME AS A 'NORMAL' POLITICAL CONSTELLATION, & (5) THE COOL ANALYSIS OF THE POLICY OUTCOMES OF MILITARY REGIMES. 8 BOOKS ARE DISCUSSED ON THE BASIS OF 6 THEMES DOMINATING MILITARY SOCIOLOGY & MILITARY POLITICAL SCIENCE: (A) THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MILITARY IN POLITICS IS SERIOUSLY HAMPERED BY WEAK CONCEPT FORMATION & CLASSIFICATORY SCHEMES, (B) VARIOUS TYPES & DEGREES OF COOPERATION OF THE MILITARY AUTHORITIES FOR THE GATHERING OF INFORMATION ON THEIR ORGANIZATION ARE NOTICED; THE AWARENESS OF ENCAPSULATION & MUTILATION OF EVIDENCE IS INSUFFICIENTLY PRESENT, (C) THE COMPLEX RELATIONS BETWEEN THE SOCIAL ORIGIN OF THE OFFICE CORPS, THEIR ATTITUDES, & THEIR BEHAVIORAL ACTS ARE NOT TREATED IN A SOPHISTICATED MANNER, (D) THE 'EXPLANATION' OF MILITARY INTERVENTION IN POLITICS IS FREQUENTLY PUT IN INACCURATE TERMS, (E) THE LEGITIMACY PROBLEMS OF MILITARY REGIMES ARE ANALYZED UNSYSTEMATICALLY, & (F) THE INTERNATIONAL FACTOR SHOULD BE INTRODUCED AS A POSSIBLE STIMULUS & IMPEDIMENT TO MILITARY INTERVENTION & MILITARY RULE IN POLITICS. 2 TABLES. MODIFIED HA.
In: Historisch Denken Ser v. 3
In het geschiedenisonderwijs in Vlaanderen wordt nog al te vaak een eurocentrisch perspectief gehanteerd. Dit eurocentrisch denken stelt voorop dat de belangrijkste ontwikkelingen in de wereldgeschiedenis te vinden zijn in de evolutie van de Europese en Westerse wereld, en gebruikt het Westen als maatstaf om andere beschavingen te beoordelen. De eurocentrische blik is het resultaat van de polariserende wig die vanaf het begin van de Europese koloniale expansie werd gedreven tussen the West and the rest. Een eurocentrisch denkkader is uiterst problematisch. Het belemmert een genuanceerde historiografische blik om vanuit verschillende perspectieven historisch te denken. Daarnaast dreigt ook de onwetendheid over andere culturen de vorming van een superioriteitsgevoel over de eigen geschiedenis te bevorderen. Dit derde volume in de reeks 'Historisch denken' presenteert inhoudelijk-didactische alternatieven en toont hoe eurocentrisme kan worden overstegen. Case studies over Chinees-Westerse en Belgisch-Congolese geschiedenis maken dit concreet
In: Res publica: politiek-wetenschappelijk tijdschrift van de Lage Landen ; driemaandelijks tijdschrift, Band 51, Heft 2, S. 239-256
ISSN: 0486-4700
The present article discusses the differences between the Islam debate in the Netherlands and its European neighboring countries and whether the Dutch perception of Muslims, Islam and themes related to fundamentalism and terrorism differ from those in other countries. The article explains that the decrease in tolerance as experienced over the last years is only partly similar with developments in other West-European societies and structures the discussion around 4 subjects: essentialist monists (rejecting the presence of Islam and Muslims in Western societies); evolutionary monists (rejecting the integration of the Muslim culture in a western society, but not the Muslims); essentialist pluralists (multicultural aspirations, rejecting western superiority and welcoming Islam and Muslims without far stretching adaptation by the cultures involved); and evolutionary pluralists (integration of the autochthonous and foreign culture). The article concludes by stating the Dutch multiculturalism will remain through a rapid cultural modernization of the country on the one hand, and an only partly assumed World War II trauma on the other. O. van Zijl
In: Studia diplomatica: Brussels journal of international relations, Band 60, Heft supp, S. 133-139
ISSN: 0770-2965
The author introduces the article by describing why the term Jihad-terrorism shouldn't be used (it's not an ideology, but a method; the term hammers on an intrinsic link between Islam and violence). The Belgian international attitude stresses that a wrong perception within European policy will actually lead to an anti-Western radicalization, and that terminology is part of that. The article continues with four EU anti-terror strategies: proactive: prevention and protection; reactive: prosecution and response. Regarding suppression of radicalization and recruitment, three factors are mentioned: facilitating factors within a globalized world (travel and communication, money operations, internet availability); an anti-western enemy perception; structural environmental factors, the so-called root causes (social circumstances, democratic imperfection, modernization badly directed, economic and political perspectives, unsolved conflicts, lack of education). Two additional principles for Belgium: 1) fundamental rights and freedoms; 2) suppression of Jihad-terrorism in cooperation with Muslim countries. References. O. van Zijl
This book tells the story of Utrecht University's colonial past. Ever since the university was founded in 1636, its scholars and students have been involved in various activities in the Dutch colonies of the West and East Indies. There was a great interest in the world of the 'other' far away: the natural world as well as their cultures, languages and religious systems. The basic assumption always was: we are 'developed', they are 'not yet developed'. Superiority served as guiding principle. By the end of the nineteenth century, Utrecht's research activities in the colonies were dominated by biology, medicine, geology, and physical anthropology/anatomy. It was understood to be 'pure research' in the colonies. But it was pure colonial research. The University benefited enormously from those research activities. The latest phase of 'university development cooperation' (since the 1980s), was to some extent a continuation of that approach.
In: WRR Rapporten
The increased tensions surrounding radical Muslims and radical movements in the political Islam are not only manifested in the Western countries but also in the Muslim world itself. Tendencies and political movements that undermine the status quo have proliferated since the 1970s. They plead for a far-reaching islamization: funding politics, law and society on Islamic foundations. This study of the Netherlands Scientific Council for Government Policy (WRR) analyses the developments in Islamic beliefs, political activism, society and law since the 1970s. To what extent has islamization been successful? What are its consequences for attempts in and outside the Muslim world to come to extend democratization and respect for human rights? And what can the Netherlands and the European Union contribute to support developments towards democratization and human rights? This study is, among others, based on "http://www.aup.nl/do.php?a=show_visitor_booklist&b=series&series=33">extensive research of experts on the change of Islamic thinking and to the dynamics of law in twelve different Muslim countries. This is the Dutch language edition! This study is also available in English "http://www.aup.nl/do.php?a=show_visitor_book&isbn=9789053569184&l=2">Dynamism in islamic activism - De toegenomen spanningen rondom radicale moslims en radicale stromingen binnen de politieke islam manifesteren zich niet alleen in het Westen maar vooral ook binnen de moslimwereld zelf. Al sinds de jaren '70 komen stromingen en politieke bewegingen op die zich richten tegen de status quo. Zij pleiten voor vergaande islamisering: het funderen van de politiek, het recht en de samenleving op islamitische grondslagen. Deze studie van de WRR analyseert de ontwikkelingen in het islamitisch denken, het politiek activisme, de samenleving en het recht sinds de jaren zeventig. In hoeverre is er sprake van een succesvolle islamisering? Welke gevolgen heeft dat voor de pogingen binnen en buiten de moslimwereld om te komen tot (verdere) democratisering en meer respect voor mensenrechten? En wat kunnen Nederland en de Europese Unie doen om ontwikkelingen in die richting te bevorderen? De studie baseert zich onder meer op uitvoerige "http://www.aup.nl/do.php?a=show_visitor_booklist&b=series&series=33">empirische studies van deskundigen naar de verandering van het islamitisch denken en naar de rechtsdynamiek in twaalf verschillende moslimlanden. Ook verschenen in het Engels: "http://www.aup.nl/do.php?a=show_visitor_book&isbn=9789053569184&l=2">Dynamism in islamic activism
This contribution examines identity and the idea of the 'Other' among South Korean adoption migrants in Flanders (1968-2021)Despite their considerable numbers, the population of South Korean adoption migrants is generally absent in historical migration studies (Cammu, 2021). Due to their unique history, which differs significantly from other migration groups, adoptees are usually not considered migrants. According to Katrien De Graeve, the practice of adoption has more of a connotation of an alternative form of family expansion by white middle-class parents. This privileged desire for children grants adoptees easier access to Western countries than other immigrants, and their migration background often seems overlooked. Growing up in white families and communities would further erase their status as immigrants and be accompanied by a false insensitivity to racism and stereotypes (De Graeve, 2012). Based on interviews conducted in 2021 and 2022, this chapter gives a voice to ten of these adoption migrants from Flanders and examines their subjective world of memories.
Summary: Since it was established by Riek Bakker and Ank Bleeker in 1977, the Bakker & Bleeker bureau (operating as Bureau B+B since 1990) has functioned as a laboratory for the professional community. Designers such as Winy Maas, Adriaan Geuze and Michael van Gessel have worked there and the office was an incubator for design practices such as West 8, Karres en Brands and Rietveld Landscape. The development of Bureau B+B coincides to a large extent with the emancipation of Dutch post-war landscape architecture and urbanism. Self-assured and autonomous, the bureau reintroduced design to the city, from an unexpected angle. It soon ranked among the world|s best, thanks among other things to its design for the Parc de la Villette in Paris (1982), a commission won ex aequo with designers such as Rem Koolhaas and Bernard Tschumi. The bureau has always been interdisciplinary, employing landscape architects, urban planners, architects, land development experts and industrial designers