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In this work, the circular patch antenna was fabricated and analyzed. Microwave Studio (version 2019) computer simulation technology (CST) was used to design the circular patch antenna. The material FR-4 was used to build this antenna, using the computer numerical control (CNC) method to implement this work. For the purpose of accomplishing this design, the values ​​of the resonant frequency, dielectric constant and dielectric thickness of the material used as in 4.424, 2.4 GHz and 0.159 cm respectively were used as inputs to the CST program to get the said program outputs for the required antenna radius with the logarithmic function (F) of the circular patch antenna 1.6909 cm and 1.7415 cm respectively. Practically, the best values ​​for the antenna were obtained in terms of return loss, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and input impedance, -25.72 dB, 1.1092, and 54.391 Ω respectively at the resonant frequency of 2.360 GHz. Where it were good values compared to the results of others.

This work presents an analytical study for simulating a Fabry-Perot Bi-stable etalon (F-P cavity) filled with a dispersive optimized nonlinear optical material (Kerr type) such as semiconductors Indium Antimonite (InSb). Depending on the obtained results and because of a trade-off between the optical path length of the sample and active cavity lifetime, an optimization procedure was applied on the InSb etalon/CO laser parameters; critical switching irradiance (Ic) was applied via simulation systems of optimization procedures of optical cavity (Matlap program was used to study the optical Bi-stability of a nonlinear Fabry-Perot cavity). In order to achieve minimum switching power and faster switching time, the optimization surface recombination on the diffusion length and effective cavity lifetime was studied.
In addition, for a specific absorption value 400 cm-1, the lifetime coefficient values were 0.33 , 0.091 , 0.0172 ns for sample thickness (D) = 500 , 60 , 20 mm, respectively. Also, for a bulk recombination time (Tl) of 200 ns, specific absorption (α) of 50 cm1, and D of 20 mm, the surface recombination speed value was 2.845 x 105 cm/sec, whereas the active lifetime, which is defined as the thickness over the surface recombination speed (sυ) (D/2sυ), was equal to 3.5ns.

Nanotechnology is a field where scientific knowledge and ideas emanating from the sub-atomic, atomic and molecular levels are applied in the manufacture of new and smart materials. Nanotechnology makes use of the novel properties exhibited by materials in the nanoscale. Nanocrystalline materials have microscopic grain sizes of up to 100 nm with remarkably distinct optical, electrical, chemical, mechanical properties different from those of bulk materials. Nanoparticles can be used to develop materials with unique properties since the number of atoms on the surface of a particle in the nanoscale is comparable to that inside the particle. Hence in order to meet the advanced technological demands in the areas such as electronics, catalysis, ceramics, magnetic data storage, structural components etc., it is important to make use of materials in the nanometer scale. Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field of science which encompasses researchers and scientists from the areas of biology, chemistry, engineering, materials science and physics. This technology provides the basis for research and manufacture of materials in the 21st century. In addition, this interdisciplinary technology will provide a strong platform for the growth of pharmaceutical industry, medical diagnosis, materials industry and the overall economy of the country which will eventually enhance creation of job opportunities, food security, good health and affordable housing in line with the government's "big four" agenda. It promises improved efficiency in ICT equipment used in computing, data storage (chips) and communications (fibre optics). It can be used to develop renewable energy sources such as solar cells and panels. It can also be utilized to synthesize filters that can be used to get rid of pollutants; contaminants, harmful salts and viruses in water and sewerage systems and for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases including cancer and to restore damaged human organs or tissues using engineered tissue.

OBJECTIVES: Mental disorders are among the leading causes of nonfatal burden of disease globally. METHODS: We used the global burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors study 2015 to examine the burden of mental disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean region (EMR). We defined mental disorders according to criteria proposed in the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders IV and the 10th International Classification of Diseases. RESULTS: Mental disorders contributed to 4.7% (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 3.7-5.6%) of total disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), ranking as the ninth leading cause of disease burden. Depressive disorders and anxiety disorders were the third and ninth leading causes of nonfatal burden, respectively. Almost all countries in the EMR had higher age-standardized mental disorder DALYs rates compared to the global level, and in half of the EMR countries, observed mental disorder rates exceeded the expected values. CONCLUSIONS: The burden of mental disorders in the EMR is higher than global levels, particularly for women. To properly address this burden, EMR governments should implement nationwide quality epidemiological surveillance of mental disorders and provide adequate prevention and treatment services.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main health problems despite preventive and control measures that have been taken in the past few decades. It is responsible for almost 8.8 million cases and 1.4 million deaths around the world. Lack of access to TB services is a barrier for empowering TB patients. In a country like Pakistan, controlling TB has become a challenge because of the lack of private sector involvement in a National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP). Therefore, collaboration is needed between public, private and government sectors in treating TB as well as in improving the quality of the health care system.

In a recent study, a special type of plane overpartitions known as k-rowed plane overpartitions has been studied. The function denotes the number of plane overpartitions of n with a number of rows at most k. In this paper, we prove two identities modulo 8 and 16 for the plane overpartitions with at most two rows. We completely specify the modulo 8. Our technique is based on expanding each term of the infinite product of the generating function of the modulus 8 and 16 and in which the proofs of the key results are dominated by an intriguing relationship between the overpartitions and the sum of divisors, which reveals a considerable link among these functions modulo powers of 2.