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Rethinking fiscal and monetary policy in an economic environment of high debt and low interest rates. Policy makers in advanced economies find themselves in an unusual fiscal environment: debt ratios are historically high, and—once the fight against inflation is won—real interest rates will likely be very low again. This combination calls for a rethinking of the role of fiscal and monetary policy—and this is just what Olivier Blanchard proposes in Fiscal Policy under Low Interest Rates. There is a wide set of opinions about the direction that fiscal policy should take. Some, pointing to the high debt levels, make debt reduction an absolute priority. Others, pointing to the low interest rates, are less worried; they suggest that there is still fiscal space, and, if justified, further increases in debt should not be ruled out. Blanchard argues that low interest rates decrease not only the fiscal costs of debt but also the welfare costs of debt. At the same time, he shows how low rates decrease the room to maneuver in monetary policy—and thus increase the benefits of using fiscal policy, including deficits and debt, for macroeconomic stabilization. In short, low rates imply lower costs and higher benefits of debt. Having sketched what optimal policy looks like, Blanchard considers three examples of fiscal policy in action: fiscal consolidation in the wake of the Global Financial Crisis, the large increase in debt in Japan, and the current US fiscal and monetary policy mix. His conclusions hold practical implications for economic and fiscal policy makers, bankers, and politicians around the world

A tour of the world -- A tour of the book -- The goods market -- Financial markets I -- Goods and financial markets : the IS-LM model -- Financial markets II: the extended S-LM model -- The labor market -- The phillips curve, the natural rate of unemployment, and inflation -- From the short to the medium run : the IS-LM-PC model -- The facts of growth -- Saving, capital accumulation,and output -- Technological progress and growth -- Technological progress : the short, the medium, and the long run -- Expectations -- Financial markets and expectations -- Expectations, consumption, and investment -- Expectations, output, and policy -- Openness in goods and financial markets -- The goods market in an open economy -- Output, the interest rate, and the exchange rate -- Exchange rate regimes -- Should policy makers be restrained? -- Fiscal policy : a summing up -- Monetary policy : a summing up -- Epilogue: the story of macroeconomics.

This title is a Pearson Global Edition. The Editorial team at Pearson has worked closely with educators around the world to include content which is especially relevant to students outside the United States. For intermediate courses in economics. A unified view of the latest.

This title is a Pearson Global Edition. The Editorial team at Pearson has worked closely with educators around the world to include content which is especially relevant to students outside the United States. For intermediate courses in economics. A unified view of the latest.

"For intermediate courses in Economics. A Unified View of the Latest Macroeconomic Events In Macroeconomics, Blanchard presents a unified, global view of macroeconomics, enabling students to see the connections between goods markets, financial markets, and labor markets worldwide. Organised into two parts, the text contains a core section that focuses on short-, medium-, and long-run markets and three major extensions that offer more in-depth coverage of the issues at hand. From the major economic crisis and monetary policy in the United States, to the problems of the Euro area and growth in China, the text helps students make sense not only of current macroeconomic events but also of events that may unfold in the future. Integrated, detailed boxes in the 7th Edition have been updated to convey the life of macroeconomics today; reinforce lessons from the models; and help students employ and develop their analytical and evaluative skills. "

"We construct a utility-based model of fluctuations, with nominal rigidities and unemployment, and draw its implications for the unemployment-inflation tradeoff and for the conduct of monetary policy.We proceed in two steps. We first leave nominal rigidities aside. We show that, under a standard utility specification, productivity shocks have no effect on unemployment in the constrained efficient allocation. We then focus on the implications of alternative real wage setting mechanisms for fluctuations in unemployment. We show the role of labor market frictions and real wage rigidities in determining the effects of productivity shocks on unemployment.We then introduce nominal rigidities in the form of staggered price setting by firms. We derive the relation between inflation and unemployment and discuss how it is influenced by the presence of labor market frictions and real wage rigidities. We show the nature of the tradeoff between inflation and unemployment stabilization, and its dependence on labor market characteristics. We draw the implications for optimal monetary policy"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site