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Sexual Progressives is a major new study of the feminists and socialists who campaigned against the moral conservatism of Victorian Scotland. Drawing on a range of sources, from letters and diaries to radical newspapers and utopian novels, its arguments disrupt current understandings of progressive thought and behaviour in fin de siecle Britain.

Admission to the bar is a matter of increasing concern to the state. As its economic life, its social life, become more intricate, the legal rules governing social conduct and their administration through courts of justice become more complicated, so that adequately trained lawyers are increasingly necessary to the competent exercise of their function as officers of the courts admnistering justice. Too, overcrowding of the bar increases the concern. As the relative number of lawyers increases, the temptation to lawyers to violate the public trust reposed in them increases, and their violations of legal ethics work generally to the detriment of society and specifically to the interference with administration of justice and to the disgrace of their profession. Higher standards for admission to the bar would result in a more competently trained bar, and would relieve considerably the overcrowded condition by admitting as lawyers, officers of the court, only those well prepared to assist the courts in their work. There is strong sentiment that favors (and justly so) democracy of the bar. But surely the thinking adherents of that democracy would favor a raising of standards directed to the benefit of the general public and the profession. "The American Bar Association believes in that democracy, but firmly maintains that it should not be used as a cloak to excuse inadequate legal training."

Kajsa Ekis Ekman exposes the many lies in the 'sex work' scenario. Trade unions aren't trade unions. Groups for prostituted women are simultaneously groups for brothel owners. And prostitution is always presented from a woman's point of view. The men who buy sex are left out

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between social inequity and the immune system, emphasizing some of the many ways that systemic racism and other forms of marginalization can undermine health. Of much sociological concern, chronic stressors increase inflammation and consequent susceptibility to health morbidities and, ultimately, mortality by burdening marginalized group members in ways that adversely affect immune regulation and functioning. As with social systems more generally, the immune system is a cross-scale complex system of many regulating, coordinating, and interacting parts, within both itself and the other bodily systems it protects. Along these lines, we thus propose that to properly conceptualize how social conditions undermine immune functioning and health, it is important to consider the immune system beyond its component mechanisms and parts. This view is akin to the way critical race theory proposes that "systemic racism" in the United States is a collaborative arrangement of social structures whose explanatory richness and historical durability can only be fully understood as a gestalt. We therefore seek, where possible, to emphasize the systems nature of the immune system similarly to the sociological insight that society comprises complex systems whose interrelated structures interact in dynamic and sometimes unpredictable ways. We scaffold this discussion within the literature on systemic racism in the United States, emphasizing inflammation as a key marker of immune demand and dysregulation and highlighting some implications for health inequities among marginalized populations more generally.

Abstract.The "Employing Workers" indices compiled from the World Bank's Doing Business (DB) survey for 2006 presented mixed results as to the nature and extent of labour regulation in South Africa. Arguing that these measures – with their narrow focus on legislation – provide only a partial picture, the authors suggest and investigate three possible extensions to the DB framework with the aim of achieving a more realistic representation of labour regulation in practice, namely: "micro‐legislation", labour market institutions and judicial interpretation. They conclude with a plea for taking account of the crucial importance of these features in the assessment of labour regulation frameworks.