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The World Economy: An Interview with C. Fred Bergsten
In: The Fletcher forum: a journal of graduate studies in internat. affairs, Band 8, Heft 2, S. 233
ISSN: 0147-0981
Current Account: The Samson Strategy
In: Worldview, Band 26, Heft 12, S. 22-22
Banking Gone Bad
In: Worldview, Band 26, Heft 10, S. 4-7
If debtors prisons were still in fashion, many countries around the world would now be in jail. Poland, Rumania, Argentina, Brazil, Mexico—all recently have found themselves teetering on the edge of bankruptcy, unable to pay even the interest on the money they owe to Western governments and banks. And the list keeps growing longer. Over the last year nearly three dozen Third World and East European nations have fallen into arrears' on their foreign loans. Never before have so many countries come so close to default on so much debt.
Current Account: Scapegoating Japan
In: Worldview, Band 26, Heft 8, S. 22-22
Current Account: Stormclouds and Snakes
In: Worldview, Band 26, Heft 6, S. 16-16
Trade and Unemployment: Global Bread-and-Butter Issues
In: Worldview, Band 26, Heft 1, S. 9-11
What do machine tools, motorcycles, and mushrooms have in common? All are industries that, threatened by foreign competition, have recently applied to Washington for import protection. And American manufacturers are not alone. Industries across the globe are pressing their governments to restrict purchases from abroad as a way of saving jobs at home. The story is an old one; When times are bad, cut imports; export unemployment instead.That times are bad is obvious. Since the first oil shock a decade ago, global economic growth has slowed to a snail's pace. Not even the erstwhile "miracle" economies of Japan and Germany have been able to escape the harsh grip of recession. In the United States, one worker in ten is out of a job. In the industrial world as a whole, 30 million people are now looking for work.
Trade and unemployment: global bread-and-butter issues [possible impact of protectionist pressures in the United States]
In: Worldview, Band 26, S. 9-11
ISSN: 0084-2559
The Money Lenders: Bankers and a World in Turmoil by Anthony Sampson (The Viking Press; 336 pp.; $16.95)
In: Worldview, Band 25, Heft 4, S. 26-27
Du système monétaire international [conference paper]
In: Politique étrangère: PE ; revue trimestrielle publiée par l'Institut Français des Relations Internationales, Band 47, Heft 1, S. 153-165
ISSN: 0032-342X
Summary in English p. 19.
Balance-of-payments financing: evolution of a regime
In: International organization, Band 36, Heft 2, S. 457-478
ISSN: 0020-8183
World Affairs Online
Du systeme monetaire international
In: Politique étrangère: PE ; revue trimestrielle publiée par l'Institut Français des Relations Internationales, Band 47, Heft 1, S. 153-166
ISSN: 0032-342X
World Affairs Online
Balance-of-payments financing: evolution of a regime [based on conference paper]
In: International organization, Band 36, S. 457-478
ISSN: 0020-8183
Balance-of-payments financing: evolution of a regime
In: International organization, Band 36, Heft 2, S. 457-478
ISSN: 1531-5088
The regime for payments financing embedded in the postwar Bretton Woods system was based on the principle, formally articulated in the Charter of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), that nations should be assured of an adequate but not unlimited supply of supplementary financing for balance-of-payments purposes. Norms included the obligation to avoid policies inconsistent with the IMF Charter (i.e., to play by the agreed rules of the game). In the 1970s the regime seemingly underwent profound change, as the private credit markets emerged as an increasingly important rival to the IMF as a source of payments financing. Nonetheless, this change fell short of a transformation of kind, insofar as the Fund continues to play a role as informal certifier of creditworthiness in the markets. Rather, it represents an example of 'norm-governed change.' Despite greater ambiguity in rules and decision-making procedures, a strong element of continuity in basic principles and norms remains.
Du système monétaire international
In: Politique étrangère: revue trimestrielle publiée par l'Institut Français des Relations Internationales, Band 47, Heft 1, S. 153-166
ISSN: 1958-8992
About the International Monetary System, by Benjamin J. Cohen
The outlook for the world financial system is clouded by a variety of problems - volatility of floating exchange rates, inefficient management of the multiple-reserve-asset standard, the massive burden of balance-of-payments financing. No doubt it would be excessively pessimistic, not to say alarmist, to predict outright collapse: the system has shown considerable resiliency, after all, in recent years. The potential for improvement exists in our international monetary arrangements, but it is not infinite. The system could be better managed, both efficiency and consistency could be promoted. Why not begin? But nothing can ensure that monetary relations will always remain stable and free of policy conflict. So long as there will be politically sovereign states and formally independent national currencies, there will be international monetary problems.