Suchergebnisse

Collective self-defence can be defined as the use of military force by one or more states to aid another state that is an innocent victim of armed attack. However, it is a legal justification that is open to abuse and its exercise risks escalating conflict. Recent years have seen an unprecedented increase in the number of collective self-defence claims. It has been the main basis for US-led action in Syria (2014-) and was advanced by Russia in relation to its full-scale invasion of Ukraine (2022-). Yet there still has been little analysis of collective self-defence in international law. This book crucially progresses the debate on various fundamental and under-explored questions about the conceptual nature of collective self-defence and the requirements for its operation. Green provides the most detailed and extensive account of collective self-defence to date, at a time when it is being invoked more than ever before

From before the dawn of the 20th century until the arrival of the New Deal, one of the most protracted and deadly labor struggles in American history was waged in West Virginia. On one side were powerful corporations whose millions bought armed guards and political influence. On the other side were 50,000 mine workers, the nation's largest labor union, and the legendary "miners' angel," Mother Jones. The fight for unionization and civil rights sparked a political crisis verging on civil war that stretched from the creeks and hollows to the courts and the US Senate. In The Devil is Here in These Hills, celebrated labor historian James Green tells the story of West Virginia and coal like never before

"This book is a multi-disciplinary analysis of cyber warfare, featuring contributions by leading experts from a mixture of academic and professional backgrounds. Cyber warfare, meaning inter-state cyber aggression, is an increasingly important emerging phenomenon in international relations, with state-orchestrated (or apparently state-orchestrated) computer network attacks occurring in Estonia (2007), Georgia (2008) and Iran (2010). This method of waging warfare - given its potential to, for example, make planes fall from the sky or cause nuclear power plants to melt down - has the capacity to be as devastating as any conventional means of conducting armed conflict. Every state in the world now has a cyber-defence programme and over 120 states also have a cyber-attack programme. While the amount of literature on cyber warfare is growing within disciplines, our understanding of the subject has been limited by a lack of cross-disciplinary approaches. In response, this book, drawn from the fields of computer science, military strategy, international law, political science and military ethics, provides a critical overview of cyber warfare for those approaching the topic from whatever angle. Chapters consider the emergence of the phenomena of cyber warfare in international affairs; what cyber-attacks are from a technological standpoint; the extent to which cyber-attacks can be attributed to state actors; the strategic value and danger posed by cyber conflict; the legal regulation of cyber-attacks as part of an on-going armed conflict and the ethical implications of cyber warfare. This book will be of great interest to students of cyber war, cyber security, military ethics, international law, security studies and IR in general"--

"This book is a multi-disciplinary analysis of cyber warfare, featuring contributions by leading experts from a mixture of academic and professional backgrounds. Cyber warfare, meaning inter-state cyber aggression, is an increasingly important emerging phenomenon in international relations, with state-orchestrated (or apparently state-orchestrated) computer network attacks occurring in Estonia (2007), Georgia (2008) and Iran (2010). This method of waging warfare - given its potential to, for example, make planes fall from the sky or cause nuclear power plants to melt down - has the capacity to be as devastating as any conventional means of conducting armed conflict. Every state in the world now has a cyber-defence programme and over 120 states also have a cyber-attack programme. While the amount of literature on cyber warfare is growing within disciplines, our understanding of the subject has been limited by a lack of cross-disciplinary approaches. In response, this book, drawn from the fields of computer science, military strategy, international law, political science and military ethics, provides a critical overview of cyber warfare for those approaching the topic from whatever angle. Chapters consider the emergence of the phenomena of cyber warfare in international affairs; what cyber-attacks are from a technological standpoint; the extent to which cyber-attacks can be attributed to state actors; the strategic value and danger posed by cyber conflict; the legal regulation of cyber-attacks as part of an on-going armed conflict and the ethical implications of cyber warfare. This book will be of great interest to students of cyber war, cyber security, military ethics, international law, security studies and IR in general"--

Introduction The Caucasus Conflict and the Role of Law Caucuses in the Caucasus: The Application of the Right of Self-Determination Passportization, Peacekeepers and Proportionality: The Russian Claim of the Protection of Nationals Abroad in Self-Defence The International Court of Justice and the Provisional Measures Order in the Georgia v. Russian Federation Case Georgia, Russia and the Crisis of the Council of Europe: Inter-State Applications, Individual Complaints, and the Future of the Strasbourg Model of Human Rights Litigation A 'Sea of Tiny Houses': Novel Approaches to Ending Forced Displacement Following the 2008 Russia-Georgia Conflict The Battles after the Battle: International Law and the Russia-Georgia Conflict

This paper reads Oscar Wilde's De Profundis and the 'Aeolus' episode of James Joyce's Ulysses together via their usage of Dante, asking what productively emerges from considering this medievalism side by side. The resonance of Dante, in particular his Commedia, is shown to align with a shared concern with difficulty and ambiguity: both texts depict the act of re-reading Dante. Struggling with exile of various kinds, and facing the problem of representing these states, both texts attempt to generate new aesthetic modes through Dante's example. The paper contends that both texts therefore make use of a Dantean poetics here called the purgatorial mode; Purgatorio appears as a forerunner of these works. Wilde's De Profundis embeds the reader within layers of reminiscence to create the experience of a difficult middle, proclaiming a queer aesthetics of imperfection that aims towards a liberated future. Joyce's 'Aeolus', meanwhile, dramatizes the movement of Purgatorio, the ascent to perfection through exile as allegorised by Dante via the biblical exodus of the Israelites. What this aesthetics of exile achieves is not so much a clear answer to the problems of representation that Wilde and Joyce faced, as a difficult middle.

James N. Green é, hoje, um grande brasilianista. Prestes a aposentar-se de uma carreira admirada como docente e pesquisador da renomada Universidade de Brown, pertencente ao seleto grupo da Ivy League (as oito universidades mais tradicionais dos EUA), o historiador tem uma longa trajetória de colaboração com o Brasil. Nas últimas décadas, ele viveu por anos em nosso país, engajou-se politicamente em organizações revolucionárias e do movimento LGBTQIA+ brasileiros, dedicou-se à produção de livros e artigos sobre história da ditadura e sobre questões de gênero e sexualidade. Sua tese de doutorado, publicada aqui sob o título Além do Carnaval: a homossexualidade masculina no Brasil do século XX (Editora Unesp), é um dos trabalhos acadêmicos pioneiros no campo. Nesta entrevista, James retoma sua trajetória de ativismo e de produção intelectual nos EUA e no Brasil, traçando uma análise profunda sobre os desafios postos ao cruzamento entre os marxismos e as lutas por liberdade sexual de gênero, com um olhar acurado e crítico às experiências passadas do século XX, bem como anunciando suas apostas e perspectivas para a luta anticapitalista no século XXI.

This essay discusses two well-established medievalist sources for Finnegans Wake, French philologist Joseph Bédier's Roman de Tristan et Iseut and Sir Edward Sullivan's manuscript study The Book of Kells. Asking how Joyce interprets this material, the article establishes a relationship whereby the text strategically corrupts his sources to engender the experience of encountering a text as a philologist. By discussing the ideological commitments of these scholars, in particular Joseph Bédier, the essay posits that this philological experience has a democratizing effect: it inverts the nationalistic logic underpinning the discipline, evinced even in Bédier's 'best-text method'. Finnegans Wake's own 'worst-text method', contrastingly, displays a commitment to re-envisioning and modifying readerly experience by renewing medieval textuality for a contemporary readership.

The persistent objector rule is a well-known but controversial mechanism for a state to exempt itself from norms of customary international law. This article examines the rule with a specific focus on the work of the International Law Commission (ILC) on the Identification of Customary International Law, through a consideration of Conclusion 15 and the commentary to it that have been adopted, as well as the ILC plenary debates on the topic. The state usage and, indeed, very existence of the rule will be considered, given that this has been so controversial in the ILC and wider literature. The article further examines whether the rule rightly formed an aspect of the Commission's work, and looks at the terminology employed in Conclusion 15. Finally, it assesses the requirements for the operation of the persistent objector rule as expressed by the ILC, through comparison to the manner in which the criteria have been employed in state practice.