Suchergebnisse

part 1. History and definition of volunteerism: You're a volunteer ; Definition of volunteerism ; Historical roots in volunteering ; Volunteerism in current world cultures ; Volunteer culture in the United States today -- part 2. Know yourself: Your personal retreat ; Investigate your local nonprofit community ; Investigate regional and national opportunities ; Investigage fraternal and business organizations -- part 3. Your choices : places to volunteer: Faith-based organizations ; School or educational organizations ; Organizational governance ; Special events ; Government and politics -- part 4. Volunteering abroad: Identifying the right opportunity ; Requirements and applications ; What to expect : be prepared ; Travel and medical ; Practical considerations -- part 5. Expectations when volunteering: What you can expect from the organization ; What the organization can expect from you ; Working with covolunteers ; Interactions with clients served ; Public advocacy for the organization -- part 6. Ethics and other considerations: What does being ethical mean? ; Organizational issues ; How to identify and resolve conflicts ; Your personal protection ; You're needed and appreciated

Abstract
It is an accepted principle that countries have the right to tax residents and nonresidents on their income from business on source or residence. The determination of the residence of a company for tax purposes based on the "management and control" and 'place of effective management' may pose challenges in establishing tax liability of a dual resident corporation. Such challenges cause problems on corporate taxes and transfer pricing between related parties. Similarly, multinational companies may face challenges in ascertaining their tax liability. The new criteria for determination of residence of a company based on mutual agreement under the OECD and UN Models of 2017, have ramification over the two tests. This article analyses residence of a company on the basis of the two tests in Tanzania. It argues that the two tests as used in Tanzania are superseded by new criteria. Finally, it offers a modest proposal for determination of dual resident of a company in Tanzania.

Abstract
This article examines teacher professional change and compares two 10th standard English as a Foreign Language teachers employed in a Marathi-medium secondary school in Pune (India) at different stages in their careers. Wenger's (1998) three interconnected Community of Practice dimensions (i.e. mutual engagement, joint enterprise and shared repertoire) highlight pertinent facets of the teachers' professional lives as viewed from the sociocultural perspective (Vygotsky, 1978). Case study methodology was utilized within a qualitative, ethnographic research paradigm. The aim is to uncover how the two EFL teachers engage in their professional community of practice and their career trajectories. Firstly, the data analysis indicates that periphery member status is established through active engagement in the professional community which creates trajectories along which novices may travel. Secondly, the accessing and sharing of information, ideas and experiences is beneficial for all members as it strengthens professional relationships and reconfirms already existing members' central position. Lastly, active engagement in a professional community of practice offers a means of potential growth for novice teachers and central members. Access to communal resources such as new knowledge, stories and artifacts is acquired and aids in establishing novices' competency.