The succession of the first female ruler of Aceh -- Sultanah Safiatuddin's early years : keeping afloat -- Sultanah Safiatuddin's maturing years : politics of consolidation -- Ties that bind? : Aceh's overlord-vassal relations -- Female rulers negotiating Islam and patriarchy -- The practice of queenship -- The end of female rule and its legacy
Studies on leadership in Southeast Asia's early modern era have tended to centre necessarily on men, and in particular, on O.W. Wolters' concept of 'men of prowess'. The concept of female leadership is still little researched. This case study of Sultanah Safiatuddin Syah of Aceh (1641–75) provides some insights into female leadership in the Malay-Muslim island world of Southeast Asia. Contrary to the received view that successful leadership tended to be male (men of prowess), this article demonstrates that female leadership and the justification for the position of the ruler relied less on notions of sacral and charismatic power based on male prowess, but instead shifted to Muslim notions of piety and the just ruler.
AbstractThis study investigates the influence of investment in key intangible resources and capabilities of firms, including intellectual capital (IC), financial capability (FC), and corporate social responsibility (CSR) on sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) and firm performance (FP) in an emerging country, Pakistan. The research model and its pertinent hypotheses are tested on a sample of 329 Pakistani small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by a structural equation model (SEM). The results exhibited a significant influence of the aforesaid factors on FP. However, SCA fully mediates the relationship between FC and FP and between CSR and FP, whereas SCA partially mediates the relationship between IC and FP. Taken together, the findings suggest the role of CSR and FC in indirectly spurring FP through SCA. Despite the limitations of this study, the results have several practical and theoretical implications for owners, managers, and policymakers.
Firms are under constant pressure from various governmental and nongovernmental agencies to switch from conventional environmentally polluting products to green product innovations (GPIs). However, the relevant research pertaining to GPI has been published in a diverse set of journals that vary in their scope and readership and, therefore, the scholarly contribution to the topic remains largely fragmented. This study has utilised a systematic literature review approach to examine the literary corpus on GPI to paint a holistic picture of its different aspects. The content and thematic analysis of 85 studies resulted in the extraction of seven key research themes: organisational capabilities, organisational learning, institutional pressures, barriers, structural changes, benefits of GPI, and methodological choices. This study's findings further highlight the various gaps in the GPI literature and raise some research questions that warrant scholarly investigation in the future. Likewise, our study has important implications for practitioners who are likely to benefit from a holistic understanding of the different aspects of GPI. Similarly, policymakers can use this study's findings to introduce policy interventions, especially in countries where GPI adoption is low. ; publishedVersion
AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on buying behavior tendencies (BBTs), adopting two sub‐tendencies of BBTs—exploratory acquisition of buying tendencies (EAPTs) and exploratory information seeking tendencies (EISTs)—based on the stakeholder theory and practices. Data were collected and examined using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. The study revealed a positive relationship between CSR practices and BBTs, and a significant correlation of CSR on both EISTs and EAPTs. Additionally, it verified a positive linkage between CSR and BBTs through the mediation of EAPTs and EISTs. These results provide insights for managements, especially those in CSR‐oriented firms, on how incorporation of CSR activities may influence the BBTs of consumers. Finally, the paper discusses several implications for strategic management along with avenues for future research.
This study estimated the relationship between environmental sustainability and economic growth in low and middle-income economic countries. The study used robust and strongly balanced panel data from 2008 to 2021. The advanced econometric approach two different variants of the System Generalized Method of Moments (one-step-SGMM and two-step-SGMM) were used for empirical analysis. The analysis shows a significant association between environmental sustainability and economic growth in projected economies. Logistic infrastructure, gross capital formation, labor force participation rate, and carbon dioxide emission are independent variables and significantly affect our dependent variable, GDP per capita. The finding of the one-step SGMM showed that the logistic performance index and CO2 emission are statistically significant for economic growth in particular countries. Thus, gross capital formation is also statistically significant and positively affects our economic growth of the economies. Similarly, the labor participation rate has a positive and significant impact on the economic growth of low-income countries. Besides, in two-step SGMM, all independent variables, Logistic infrastructure, gross capital formation, labor force participation rate, and carbon dioxide emission, significantly affect our dependent variable economic growth. The results of the autocorrelation tests indicate potential serial correlation in the models' errors. The findings of this study suggested that policymakers must adopt complete approaches that arrange sustainable development goals, mitigate environmental degradation, and promote inclusive economic growth to ensure a prosperous and resilient future for all.
AbstractThe exceptional rise in overall economic activities has deteriorated environmental sustainability around the world. However, countries around the globe are implementing strategies for reaching the global climate objective. For this purpose, OECD countries committed many efforts, although their pledges and results are not parallel to the level of the Paris Agreement's ambition. This study examines the impact of eco-innovation, environmental taxes, and renewable energy consumption on the environmental performance of selected OECD countries over the period of 2006 to 2020. This study uses the generalized method of moments (GMM) and instrumental variables 2 stage least square (2SLS) methods. For robustness checks, this study uses a quantile regression approach. We conclude that an increase in the adoption of renewable energy and green innovation has a statistically significant impact on controlling CO2 emissions. Moreover, the empirical model is expanded by incorporating environmental taxes as an explanatory variable. The expanded model showed that the imposition of environmental taxes has a detrimental impact on the reduction of CO2 emissions. Moreover, on the contrary, an increase in economic activities, measured by GDP, is responsible for rising CO2 emissions in OECD countries. In light of the results we obtained, policy recommendations are provided.
AbstractThis study tends to examine the moderated mediation role of external locus of control (ELC) and risk tolerance (RT) in the relationship between heuristic availability bias (HAB) and investment decision‐making (IDM). We used SPSS PROCESS Model 7 (moderated mediation) on a data set gleaned from 385 practicing stock investors at Pakistan Stock Exchange. The results of the study revealed that the relationship between HAB and IDM is partially mediated by RT, whereas, the ELC significantly moderates the relationship between HAB and RT. Moreover, in the case of moderated mediation, the ELC showed a significant moderating role in the relationship of HAB with IDM through RT. Since the findings of the study argue that ELC intensifies the influence of HAB on investors' risk‐taking propensity that inculcate them toward making investment decisions. The practical and theoretical implications of the study are discussed in detail.