Suchergebnisse

This volume describes the various movements and parties, across all six continents, that wanted social change through state transformation. It begins with a reconstruction of social democracy's trajectories from the 1870s until the present. The evolution of socialism on different continents is illustrated through a number of national case studies. Experiments at a subnational level (for example, municipal socialism) are also explored, as are the varying experiences of international umbrella organizations. The next part focuses on divergent socialist experiments and ideologies in several parts of the world, including South Asia, Africa, the Arab world, Brazil, Venezuela, and Israel/Palestine, followed by an overview of 'independent' socialist movements, including left-socialist parties of the 1930s and the post-war period, and the global New Left since its beginnings in the 1950s. The volume concludes with critical essays on socialism's long-term and global development.

This volume describes the various movements and thinkers who wanted social change without state intervention. It covers cases in Europe, the Americas, Africa and Asia. The first part discusses early egalitarian experiments and ideologies in Asia, Europe and the Islamic world, and then moves to early socialist thinkers in Britain, France, and Germany. The second part deals with the rise of the two main currents in socialist movements after 1848: anarchism in its multiple varieties, and Marxism. It also pays attention to organisational forms, including the International Working Men's Association (later called the First International); and it then follows the further development of anarchism and its 'proletarian' sibling, revolutionary syndicalism - its rise and decline from the 1870s until the 1940s on different continents. The volume concludes with critical essays on anarchist transnationalism and the recent revival of anarchism and syndicalism in several parts of the world.

Global Labour History has rapidly gained ground as a field of study in the 21st century, attracting interest in the Global South and North alike. Scholars derive inspiration from the broad perspective and the effort to perceive connections between global trends over time in work and labour relations, incorporating slaves, indentured labourers and sharecroppers, housewives and domestic servants. Casting this sweeping analytical gaze, this book discusses the core concepts 'capitalism' and 'workers', and refines notions such as 'coerced labour', 'household strategies' and 'labour markets'. It explores in new ways the connections between labourers in different parts of the world, arguing that both 'globalisation' and modern labour management originated in agriculture in the Global South and were only later introduced in Northern industrial settings. It reveals that 19th-century chattel slavery was frequently replaced by other forms of coerced labour, and it reconstructs the laborious 20th-century attempts of the International Labour Organisation to regulate labour standards supra-nationally. The book also pays attention to the relational inequality through which workers in wealthy countries benefit from the exploitation of those in poor countries. The final part addresses workers' resistance and acquiescence: why collective actions often have unanticipated consequences; why and how workers sometimes organise massive flights from exploitation and oppression; and why 'proletarian revolutions' took place in pre-industrial or industrialising countries and never in fully developed capitalist societies.

"During the reign of Kawād I (AD 498-531), king of Ērānšahr (Realm of the Iranians), a Zoroastrian priest by the name of Mazdak, son of Bāmdād, appears in some sources whose rulings about property and ownership have been deemed proto-socialist. According to sources in Middle Persian (henceforth: MP) of the late Sasanian Empire (AD 224-651), Mazdak promoted the sharing of women and property. The socialist message of Mazdak called for the creation of an egalitarian system of the distribution of wealth during a time of famine and political turmoil. The lower classes appear to have favored Mazdak's beliefs, when he claimed his rulings were based on his interpretation of the Zoroastrian holy text, the Avesta. The reason for Mazdak's ruling was to bring aid to the hungry and the naked, but more importantly, he wanted to make a substantial social and economic change in an otherwise stratified Iranian society.1 With Mazdak and the backing of the king, a social and economic revolution took place in the Sasanian Empire, which empowered the state at the cost of the nobility, and enabled the kings of Iran to rule for another two centuries"--

Zsfassung in engl. Sprache

What is the day-to-day reality for workers in various parts of the world, and how was it in the past? How do they work today, and how did they work in the past? Did workers ever protest? If so, how? These and many other questions comprise the field of the global history of work - a young discipline that is introduced with this handbook

Notes on contributors -- Introduction / Marcel van der Linden and Gerald Hubmann -- Editing the legacy : Friedrich Engels and Marx's Capital / Regina Roth -- About the beginning and end of capitalism : observations on the consequences possibly derived from the discoveries of MEGA2 / Jorge Grespan -- Marx's further work on Capital after publishing Volume 1 : on the completion of Part II of the MEGA2 / Carl-Erich Vollgraf -- Marx after the MEGA2 edition : a comment / Heinz D. Kurz -- The development of Marx's theory of the falling rate of profit in the four drafts of capital / Fred Moseley -- Did marx relinquish his concept of Capital's historical dynamic? : a comment on Fred Moseley / Timm Grassmann -- The redundant transformation to prices of production : a marx-immanent critique and reconstruction / Geert Reuten -- Comment on Geert Reuten / Christopher J. Arthur -- Karl Marx's books of crisis and the concept of double crisis : a Ricardian legacy / Kenji Mori -- Marx meets Manchester : the Manchester Notebooks as a starting point of an unfinish(ed)able project? / Matthias Bohlender -- Marx's itineraries to Capital : on Matthias Bohlender's "Marx meets Manchester" / Lucia Pradella -- Bibliography -- Index