Suchergebnisse

Inorganic chemistry and the environment -- Oxidation-reduction reactions (redox) -- Atomic structure -- Symmetry -- Covalent bonding -- Bonding in solids -- Acids and bases -- Introduction to transition metals -- Reactivity of transition metal complexes : thermodynamics, kinetics, and catalysis -- Transition metals in natural systems -- Solid phase iron and manganese oxidants and reductants -- Metal sulfides in the environment and in bioinorganic chemistry -- Kinetics and thermodynamics of metal uptake by organisms.

Inorganic Chemistry for Geochemistry and Environmental Sciences: Fundamentals and Applicationsdiscusses the structure, bonding and reactivity of molecules and solids of environmental interest, bringing the reactivity of non-metals and metals to inorganic chemists, geochemists and environmental chemists from diverse fields. Understanding the principles of inorganic chemistry including chemical bonding, frontier molecular orbital theory, electron transfer processes, formation of (nano) particles, transition metal-ligand complexes, metal catalysis and more are essential to describe earth processes over time scales ranging from 1 nanosec to 1 Gigayr. Throughout the book, fundamental chemical principles are illustrated with relevant examples from geochemistry, environmental and marine chemistry, allowing students to better understand environmental and geochemical processes at the molecular level.Topics covered include: Thermodynamics and kinetics of redox reactions Atomic structure Symmetry Covalent bonding, and bonding in solids and nanoparticles Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory Acids and bases Basics of transition metal chemistry including Chemical reactivity of materials of geochemical and environmental interestSupplementary material is provided online, including PowerPoint slides, problem sets and solutions. Inorganic Chemistry for Geochemistry and Environmental Sciences is a rapid assimilation textbook for those studying and working in areas of geochemistry, inorganic chemistry and environmental chemistry, wishing to enhance their understanding of environmental processes from the molecular level to the global level.

Nanomaterials are critical components in the Earth system's past, present, and future characteristics and behavior. They have been present since Earth's origin in great abundance. Life, from the earliest cells to modern humans, has evolved in intimate association with naturally occurring nanomaterials. This synergy began to shift considerably with human industrialization. Particularly since the Industrial Revolution some two-and-a-half centuries ago, incidental nanomaterials (produced unintentionally by human activity) have been continuously produced and distributed worldwide. In some areas, they now rival the amount of naturally occurring nanomaterials. In the past half-century, engineered nanomaterials have been produced in very small amounts relative to the other two types of nanomaterials, but still in large enough quantities to make them a consequential component of the planet. All nanomaterials, regardless of their origin, have distinct chemical and physical properties throughout their size range, clearly setting them apart from their macroscopic equivalents and necessitating careful study. Following major advances in experimental, computational, analytical, and field approaches, it is becoming possible to better assess and understand all types and origins of nanomaterials in the Earth system. It is also now possible to frame their immediate and long-term impact on environmental and human health at local, regional, and global scales. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee