In: Maǧallat al-baḥṯ al-ʿilmī fi 'l-ādāb$dmaǧallat muḥkamat rubʿ sanawīya$hǦāmiʿat ʿAin Šams, Kullīyat al-Banāt li-l-Ādāb wa-'l-ʿUlūm wa-'t-Tarbiya: Journal of scientific research in arts, Band 25, Heft 5, S. 78-104
In: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety: EES ; official journal of the International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental safety, Band 191, S. 110242
This e-book is designed to encourage researchers and practitioners in looking at ways that operations and information systems could be managed more effectively, and highlights in detail how improvement could be achieved. It comprises contributions from researchers in Australia, Finland, Hong Kong, UK and USA. The articles cover a broad range of contributions include performance measurement in knowledge work context, project risk management for concurrent engineering product development environment, IT-enhanced order and delivery process of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industry, ERP for Sm
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ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the workstation type on the severity of mental stress by means of measuring prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.BackgroundWorkstation type is known to influence worker's health and performance. Despite the practical implications of ergonomic workstations, limited information is available regarding their impact on brain activity and executive functions.MethodTen healthy participants performed a Montreal imaging stress task (MIST) in ergonomic and nonergonomic workstations to investigate their effects on the severity of the induced mental stress.ResultsCortical hemodynamic changes in the PFC were observed during the MIST in both the ergonomic and nonergonomic workstations. However, the ergonomic workstation exhibited improved MIST performance, which was positively correlated with the cortical activation on the right ventrolateral and the left dorsolateral PFC, as well as a marked decrease in salivary alpha‐amylase activity compared with that of the nonergonomic workstation. Further analysis using the NASA Task Load Index revealed a higher weighted workload score in the nonergonomic workstation than that in the ergonomic workstation.ConclusionThe findings suggest that ergonomic workstations could significantly improve cognitive functioning and human capabilities at work compared to a nonergonomic workstation.ApplicationSuch a study could provide critical information on workstation design and development of mental stress that can be overlooked during traditional workstation design and mental stress assessments.
The authors wish to thanks the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments for the improvement of this manuscript. The authors wish to acknowledge the support and help of Deanship of Scientific Research at Jazan University and the authors also extend their sincere appreciations to Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding this Prolific Research Group (PRG-1436-16). ; Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are vulnerable to Node Replication attacks or Clone attacks. Among all the existing clone detection protocols in WSNs, RAWL shows the most promising results by employing Simple Random Walk (SRW). More recently, RAND outperforms RAWL by incorporating Network Division with SRW. Both RAND and RAWL have used SRW for random selection of witness nodes which is problematic because of frequently revisiting the previously passed nodes that leads to longer delays, high expenditures of energy with lower probability that witness nodes intersect. To circumvent this problem, we propose to employ a new kind of constrained random walk, namely Single Stage Memory Random Walk and present a distributed technique called SSRWND (Single Stage Memory Random Walk with Network Division). In SSRWND, single stage memory random walk is combined with network division aiming to decrease the communication and memory costs while keeping the detection probability higher. Through intensive simulations it is verified that SSRWND guarantees higher witness node security with moderate communication and memory overheads. SSRWND is expedient for security oriented application fields of WSNs like military and medical. ; Yes ; http://www.plosone.org/static/editorial#peer
Why did inflation fall so dramatically after the establishment of a currency board in Bulgaria in 1997? The establishment of the currency board was the response to a very severe financial crisis where inflation reached hyperinflationary levels. After the currency board was introduced, inflation fell even more spectacularly than it had risen with prices rising less than 10% annually during 1998 and 1999. Was this sudden drop in inflation due to a "discipline" effect caused by a reduction in money growth rates or to a "confidence" effect that created lower inflation expectations thus leading to higher money demand? We find strong indirect evidence for a confidence effect but less support for a discipline effect.