Suchergebnisse

This article explores the relationship between contemporary revolutionary agency, domestic reforms and liberal peacebuilding in the aftermath of the Arab Uprisings. In particular, it focuses on the tensions between the liberal peace's orthodox and emancipatory strands by asking: Does liberal peacebuilding support or hinder revolutionary emancipation in the Arab region? The article aims to close a gap in PCS scholarship by delivering insights into contemporary revolutionary processes (here called 'everyday state formation'). After elaborating the disjunctures between revolutionary agency and liberal peacebuilding interventions in the spheres of statebuilding, development and democratisation, many peacebuilding interventions appear as counterrevolutionary practices.

Résumé Les premiers mois de 2011 ont vu s'étendre des révolutions en Afrique du Nord et au Moyen-Orient, dans des régions autrefois connues pour leur stagnation politique. Avec ces soulèvements défiant des régimes autoritaires dans tous les coins du monde arabe, les acteurs extérieurs disposant d'intérêts stratégiques et de sécurité vitaux dans la région eurent à adapter leurs stratégies de politique étrangère en quelques semaines. Cet article présente les hypothèses, normes et intérêts à l'origine des révisions des politiques des États-Unis et de l'Union européenne, ainsi que des grands États occidentaux cherchant traditionnellement à jouer un rôle dans la région. En outre, cet article examine la rupture des derniers rounds de négociations directes dans le processus de paix au Moyen-Orient, à la lumière des « documents Palestine » comme derniers développements susceptible d'affecter les politiques de Washington et Bruxelles dans la région. En se fondant sur ces deux cas, cet essai analyse l'impact des récentes interventions occidentales dans le monde arabe, et s'interroge sur la pertinence des politiques américaines et européennes face à aux dynamiques politiques d'une partie du monde stratégiquement importante.

This paper analyses India's internal peacebuilding approach in Bihar, north-east India and Jammu and Kashmir regarding its similarity with the liberal peace and its effectiveness in terms of conflict transformation. By focusing on the human rights and needs components of Indian peacebuilding, we investigate whether state interventions have managed to transform the local conflict spheres in their political, economic, societal and gender/family dimensions. Drawing on fieldwork carried out between 2011 and 2013, the paper remains sceptical about both the novelty and effectiveness of the Indian peacebuilding approach.

This book looks at the local agency related to peace formation in order to find answers to the pressing question of how large-scale peacebuilding or statebuilding may be significantly improved and made more representative of the lives, needs, rights, and ambitions of its subjects.

This book looks at the local agency related to peace formation in order to find answers to the pressing question of how large-scale peacebuilding or statebuilding may be significantly improved and made more representative of the lives, needs, rights, and ambitions of its subjects

Numa inversão das políticas anteriores, as agências de desenvolvimento têm vindo a ajustar cada vez mais as suas intervenções às culturas locais. Neste artigo, analisa‑se a forma como em Timor‑Leste a cultura tem sido interpretada, processada e incorporada em programas de desenvolvimento das Nações Unidas (ONU). Que tipo de concessões fazem as agências de desenvolvimento? Quais são os limites neste processo de hibridização e será que este implica uma renegociação das abordagens de desenvolvimento ou apenas concessões unilaterais? O artigo argumenta que os esforços das agências da ONU para aumentar a sua sensibilidade cultural nas operações em Timor‑Leste tinham claras limitações e não conseguiram refletir a cultura local em toda a sua diversidade. Nesta complexa interação entre variantes de cultura local, assimetrias de poder e ortodoxia internacional, as agências de desenvolvimento estão simultaneamente um passo atrás, na sua compreensão da cultural local, e um passo à frente, em termos do seu poder para definir as regras de envolvimento.

This book investigates why peace and reform processes across the world have recently been stagnating or have become blocked. They have failed to maintain security, rights, development, and justice in the liberal international order. The book identifies the related rise of counter-peace processes at the heart of failed peacemaking efforts, and explores the implications for an emerging multi-polar order where local and international tools for peace and reform appear to be ineffective. Across a range of recent cases, from Cambodia, the Balkans, the Sahel region, DRC, Colombia, Afghanistan, and many others, such dynamics are becoming clearer. In particular, small-scale blocking tactics across different peace processes have been evolving into larger political strategies which are then disseminated within revisionist and revanchist international networks. Ultimately, this phenomenon has undermined liberal international order. Spoilers and tactical blockages to peace have connected across local, national, regional and international scales, highlighting ideological divisions. Drawing on counter-revolutionary theory, the concept of counter-peace is used as a tool to critically interrogate a systemic array of blockages to peace. Distinct counter-peace patterns are now entangled in peace and reform processes, including the stalemate pattern, the limited counter-peace, and the unmitigated counter-peace patterns. Across cases, once tactical blockages begin to form these patterns, they become systemic and ultimately enable conflict escalation. Consequently, the intimate entanglement of the existing international peace architecture with counter-peace processes points to ideological divisions in international order, as well as the growing gulf between diminished practices of peace and reform with critical scholarship on peace, justice, and sustainability. Sandra Pogodda is Lecturer in Peace and Conflict Studies at the Department of Politics, University of Manchester, UK. Oliver P. Richmond is Research Professor at the Department of Politics, University of Manchester, UK. He is also International Professor at Dublin City University, Ireland, and Distinguished Visiting Professor at EWHA University, Seoul, Korea. Gëzim Visoka is Associate Professor of Peace and Conflict Studies at the School of Law and Government, Dublin City University, Ireland.