In: Analele ştiinţifice ale Univerşităţii Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iaşi: Annals of the "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi. Ştiinţe economice = Economic Sciences Section, Band 59, Heft 1
Through this paper we intend to highlight some answers of the questions that we ask ourselves often be in terms of the entrepreneur who wants to develop a business with some ideas on food trade, either in terms of consumer who knows sometimes the prices of some products are more expensive than other similar food stores. Here are some of the questions that we seek answers in the paper: How profitable are companies operating in the food trade, regardless of their organizational structure? What is the threshold of affordability of food trading enterprises on running a business? What is the contribution to the state budget of an undertaking of this kind and under the laws of Romania as moral are these fees compared to exertion by business to support a business? What would be the daily earnings of a company to survive the current economic circumstances? What major challenges facing NGOs engaged in charitable activities to help disadvantaged groups such as state aid and the legal entity? (some NGOs even assuming important functions that should be the government rule).
In the Republic of Moldavia, two Orthodox churches, the one under the Moscow Patriarchate and the other under Bucharest, co-exist but with difficulty nowadays. In 1992, a conflict broke out between these two local institutions and the two Patriarchates. The intervention of Moldavian and then European political authorities made the issues in this conflict even more important and visible. This conflict's roots in history are examined as well as the arguments used by various parties.
According to Phillips' study, there is an inverse link between inflation and unemployment. The major consequence of these imbalances lies in authorities' ability to correct one of them, usually the unemployment, by influencing the components of the aggregate demand. Phillips' opinion is later countered by Friedman's principle of currency neutrality. Together with Phelps, Friedman argues that, in the long run, the Phillips curve is vertical and any attempt to lower the unemployment below the natural rate leads to a simultaneous rise in unemployment and inflation. This paper aims to analyze the impact of the economic policy measures on the evolution of inflation and unemployment in the G7 countries, starting from the monetary criticism regarding the inefficiency of monetary impulses. In order to achieve this purpose, the developed econometric analysis tries to identify the existence and the direction of the nexus between variables, both in the short and long term, by using causality and cointegration methods, such as Granger, Granger-Wald and Johansen tests. Our findings support Phillips model on the short run, indicating that there is an inverse link between the inflation rate and the unemployment rate in the G7 states, during the analyzed period. However, on the long run, our results indicate that inflation and unemployment can coexist, fact that allows us to agree with the monetarist theories.
In: Analele ştiinţifice ale Univerşităţii Alexandru Ioan Cuza din Iaşi: Annals of the "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi. Ştiinţe economice = Economic Sciences Section, Band 62, Heft 3, S. 357-368
Abstract The purpose of this study was to identify the efficient European healthcare systems. The study differs from other similar researches in that it uses different variables in assessing the efficiency of the healthcare systems, and also in that it uses a two-stage approach in the analysis. In order to identify the efficient healthcare systems, we used a non-parametric method, Data Envelopment Analysis, which allows the evaluation of the countries against an efficiency frontier. Furthermore, we explain the efficiency by analysing several factors which influence the efficiency of the healthcare systems, using the censored regression analysis. The findings indicate that there are significant efficiency disparities both among the developed states and among the developing ones. Finally, we suggest several directions for the public policy, in order to increase the efficiency of the public healthcare systems in the European countries.
For more than a quarter of a century, China has experienced a significant economic growth. Yet, this rapid growth has brought on many economic, social and environmental challenges, which might negatively influence the future development of the country. The objective of this paper is to analyse the Chinese economic evolution in order to determine if its growth model is sustainable over time. The research methods consisted in an investigation of the specialized literature, which helped us formulate four research hypotheses, and in a statistical analysis of secondary data, which allowed us develop four models, in order to test the hypotheses. The conclusions show that, to sustain the growth rate, China needs to increase its human capital stock, to keep the pace of attracting the foreign investments, to reduce the size of the government, to diminish the public consumption and to invest in the renewable energy, for increasing the energy efficiency.
The issue of collecting tax resources to the consolidated budget has determined and still determines difficulties which cannot be neglected in all the former socialist countries of the Central and Eastern Europe. From the Members States of the European Union, Romania is the country with the highest VAT Gap between EU Member States: 41%, compared to a European average of 15.2%. One solution tried to solve this problem was the regulation of mandatory use of electronic cash registers with fiscal memory. In this way, it was considered that a better highlight and also a tighter control of economic transactions will be achieved, from a fiscal point of view. In our study, we analyze, for the Romanian context in the post-EU accession, whether the mandatory introduction of these devices in recording commercial transactions has had a significant impact on VAT collection. The study includes two stages of the analysis: in the first stage we estimated the influence of VAT rate variation on the degree of the VAT collection. Then we used the residual component to test the influence of EFDs' mandatory introduction on VAT collection or on fiscal efficiency. The results indicate an improvement in the collection of VAT but also a decrease in the efficiency of fiscal collection.
The current financial crisis and the lack of resources made imperative the analysis of the efficiency for managing public money, both at the central and at the local level. The general objective of the research is constituted by the estimate of the technical efficiency of all counties in Romania, as well as the analysis of its implications in local development. The originality and novelty of the study are supported by the research of a subject that has in the center the efficiency of the public authorities, current research direction for the public sector, in view of achieving a complex study. In order to reach the objective proposed, we will perform calculations on the basis of the Data Envelopment Analysis mathematical model and of the Tobit non-linear econometric model. At the same time, we reach the conclusion that in Romania, as in other states, there is a causality link between the efficiency of the local authorities and the level of corruption.