Disasters in World History
In: Themes in World History Series
125 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: Themes in World History Series
In: Ohio University Press series in ecology and history
"In Slavery, Agriculture, and Malaria in the Arabian Peninsula, Benjamin Reilly illuminates a previously unstudied phenomenon: the large-scale employment of people of African ancestry as slaves in agricultural oases within the Arabian Peninsula. The key to understanding this unusual system, Reilly argues, is the prevalence of malaria within Arabian Peninsula oases and drainage basins, which rendered agricultural lands in Arabia extremely unhealthy for people without genetic or acquired resistance to malarial fevers. In this way, Arabian slave agriculture had unexpected similarities to slavery as practiced in the Caribbean and Brazil. This book synthesizes for the first time a body of historical and ethnographic data about slave-based agriculture in the Arabian Peninsula. Reilly uses an innovative methodology to analyze the limited historical record and a multidisciplinary approach to complicate our understandings of the nature of work in an area that is popularly thought of solely as desert. This work makes significant contributions both to the global literature on slavery and to the environmental history of the Middle East--an area that has thus far received little attention from scholars"--
In: Oxford studies in democratization
In: Theories of institutional design
World Affairs Online
In: Politics and governance, Band 9, Heft 2, S. 271-279
ISSN: 2183-2463
Ranked choice voting (RCV) is experiencing a surge of interest in the United States, highlighted by its 2018 use for Congressional elections in Maine, the first application of a ranked ballot for national-level elections in American history. A century ago, the same system was introduced in another federal, two-party continental-sized democracy: Australia. RCV's utility as a solution to inter-party coordination problems helps to explain its appeal in both countries, underscoring the potential benefits of a comparative analytical approach. This article examines this history of adoption and then turns to a comparison of recent RCV elections in Maine with state elections in New South Wales and Queensland, the two Australian states which share the same form of RCV as that used in the United States. This comparison shows how candidate and party endorsements influence voters' rankings and can, over time, promote reciprocal exchanges between parties and broader systemic support for RCV. Such cross-partisan support helps explain the stability of RCV in Australia, with implications for the system's prospects in the United States.
Ranked choice voting (RCV) is experiencing a surge of interest in the United States, highlighted by its 2018 use for Congressional elections in Maine, the first application of a ranked ballot for national-level elections in American history. A century ago, the same system was introduced in another federal, two-party continental-sized democracy: Australia. RCV's utility as a solution to inter-party coordination problems helps to explain its appeal in both countries, underscoring the potential benefits of a comparative analytical approach. This article examines this history of adoption and then turns to a comparison of recent RCV elections in Maine with state elections in New South Wales and Queensland, the two Australian states which share the same form of RCV as that used in the United States. This comparison shows how candidate and party endorsements influence voters' rankings and can, over time, promote reciprocal exchanges between parties and broader systemic support for RCV. Such cross-partisan support helps explain the stability of RCV in Australia, with implications for the system's prospects in the United States.
BASE
In: Journal of world history: official journal of the World History Association, Band 32, Heft 3, S. 547-549
ISSN: 1527-8050
In: Representation, Band 58, Heft 3, S. 461-477
ISSN: 1749-4001
In: Government & opposition: an international journal of comparative politics, Band 56, Heft 3, S. 465-484
ISSN: 1477-7053
AbstractCentripetal approaches to democracy in divided societies seek to promote inter-ethnic accommodation and moderation by making politicians dependent on the electoral support of groups other than their own base. Such cross-ethnic voting stands in contrast to situations where politicians need only the support of their own co-ethnics to win elections. This distinction can be used to evaluate the utility of centripetal electoral systems in promoting voting across ethnic divides. To do so, this article begins by considering some critiques of centripetalism, showing that cross-ethnic voting is more common in both institutional design and actual practice than some critics believe. It then moves on to examine cases of cross-ethnic voting via ethnically designated party lists, cross-regional party formation rules, at-large communal or sectoral seat reservations, and uni-directional vote-pooling, using these cases to construct an index of strong, moderate and weak centripetal electoral systems.
In: Australian journal of international affairs: journal of the Australian Institute of International Affairs, Band 74, Heft 2, S. 116-123
ISSN: 1035-7718
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of world history: official journal of the World History Association, Band 31, Heft 3, S. 627-630
ISSN: 1527-8050
In: Journal of world history: official journal of the World History Association, Band 31, Heft 2, S. 450-452
ISSN: 1527-8050
In: Australian journal of international affairs: journal of the Australian Institute of International Affairs, Band 74, Heft 2, S. 116-123
ISSN: 1465-332X
In: Nationalism & ethnic politics, Band 24, Heft 2, S. 201-221
ISSN: 1557-2986