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"Urban histories tend to be dominated by large, global cities. But what does the history of the modern, colonial era look like from the perspective of smaller cities? By shifting the focus from the metropolis to the secondary city of Chiang Mai, this study provides an alternative narrative of the formation of the modern Thai state that highlights the overlap between European, American, and Siamese interests. Through a detailed analysis of Chiang Mai's urban space, the power dynamics that shaped the city come into focus as an urban-scale manifestation of colonial forces-albeit an incomplete one that allowed sacred space to become a source of conflict that was only resolved in the years before WWII. Today, as the city confronts the challenge of overdevelopment, the legacy of the colonial era, and the opportunity of heritage preservation, this deep, multi-layered history of the power of (and over) urban space is vital."--Publisher information

Intro -- BORDER SECURITY AND THE REMOVAL OF ILLEGAL ALIENS -- BORDER SECURITY AND THE REMOVAL OF ILLEGAL ALIENS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 THE U.N. CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE: OVERVIEW OF U.S. IMPLEMENTATION POLICY CONCERNING THE REMOVAL OF ALIENS -- SUMMARY -- OVERVIEW OF RELEVANT PORTIONS OF THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE -- IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE IN THE UNITED STATES -- Relevant Declarations, Reservations, and Understandings Conditioning U.S. Ratification of the Convention Against Torture -- Foreign Affairs Reform and Restructuring Act of 1998 -- Application of the Convention Against Torture to U.S. Regulations Concerning the Removal of Aliens -- General Removal Guidelines Concerning the Convention Against Torture -- Summary Exclusion of Arriving Aliens Inadmissible on Security and Related Grounds61 -- Effect of Diplomatic Assurances on Removal Proceedings -- Application of the Convention Against Torture in Extradition Cases -- Criminalization of Torture Occurring Outside the United States -- POTENTIAL ISSUES ARISING UNDER IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE CONCERNING REMOVAL OF ALIENS -- Implications of the Convention Against Torture on U.S. Alien Detention Policy -- Implications of the Convention against Torture on the Practice of "Extraordinary Renditions" from the United States -- Chapter 2 BORDER SECURITY: BARRIERS ALONG THE U.S. INTERNATIONAL BORDER -- SUMMARY -- BACKGROUND -- THE SAN DIEGO BORDER PRIMARY FENCE -- Operation Gatekeeper -- Sandia National Laboratory Study -- CONGRESSIONAL BORDER BARRIER LEGISLATION -- Section 102 of IIRIRA-Improvement of Barriers at the Border -- Expansion of Waiver Authority under the REAL ID Act -- The Secure Fence Act -- THE SAN DIEGO SANDIA FENCE -- The California Coastal Commission -- Current Status of the San Diego Triple Fence

AbstractIn the 1903 text Madar al-Zar (The Damages of Zar), Egyptian writer Muhammad Hilmi Zayn al-Din decried the growing popularity of zar rituals and the superstitious women who participated in them as an epidemic ravaging his country. This article employs Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb's method of "epidemiological reading" to reveal and analyze the racial and imperial anxieties that underlie this understudied text. The article begins with a summary of Madar al-Zar and an account of the sociopolitical context in which it was published. It then pulls back the surface layers of the text to reveal that the "disease" running rampant in early twentieth-century Egypt was not zar, but the scourge of African enslavement and the ever-looming specter of Egypt's imperial desires in Sudan. The article concludes with a meditation on zar as an archive of African dispossession, displacement, and resilience.

At the climax of Egyptian author Out el Kouloub's novel, Zanouba, the reader is witness to a crime. We find ourselves in Matariyya, a village north of Cairo, in a somber bedchamber with a blind shaykh. It is the room where only a week before Zanouba, the novel's titular character, suffered a forced miscarriage in the final month of her pregnancy and lost her long-coveted male child. The women of the household are lined up in front of the shaykh—all except for Zanouba, who is still bedridden, and her co-wife, Mashallah, who is exempt from participating because she is menstruating. They prepare to swear on the Qurʾan their innocence in the matter of the miscarriage, as Zanouba's husband, Abdel Meguid, and her mother-in-law suspect foul play.

Large-scale data systems are increasingly envisioned as tools for justice, with big data analytics offering a key opportunity to advance health equity. Health systems face growing public pressure to collect data on patient "social factors," and advocates and public officials seek to leverage such data sources as a means of system transformation. Despite the promise of this "data-driven" strategy, there is little empirical work that examines big data in action directly within the sites of care expected to transform. In this article, I present a case study on one such initiative, focusing on a large public safety-net health system's initiation of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data collection within the clinical setting. Drawing from ethnographic fieldwork and in-depth interviews with providers, staff, and administrators, I highlight three main challenges that elude big data's grasp on inequality: (1) provider and staff's limited understanding of the social significance of data collection; (2) patient perception of the cultural insensitivity of data items; and (3) clinic need to balance data requests with competing priorities within a constrained time window. These issues reflect structural challenges within safety-net care that big data alone are unable to address in advancing social justice. I discuss these findings by considering the present data-driven strategy alongside two complementary courses of action: diversifying the health professions workforce and clinical education reform. To truly advance justice, we need more than "just data": we need to confront the fundamental conditions of social inequality.

This primer provides a practical guide to get started with spatial interaction modeling using the SpInt module in the python spatial analysis library (PySAL).

The phenomenon of postmodern society includes increased importance on consumerist culture and capitalist behavior. During the end of the twentieth century, economic prosperity reinforced this notion throughout Spain's large cities. Following the demise of the Spanish financial and banking industries in 2010, society began to voice negative opinions surrounding consumer culture and the dependence on spending money to spur economic growth. High unemployment and increased debt levels yielded protesting art performances, politically charged editorials and various studies regarding a newly discovered "shopping addiction" disease. This social and political outrage conveyed through an assortment of cultural expressions surrounding an economic issue display collectivism and activism as part of the phenomenon of postmodern society as well.

Shortly after taking office, President Barack Obama announced that his Administration would pursue a policy of vigorous antitrust enforcement in order to ensure healthy competition in the economy.' In two of the highest-profile antitrust cases that have followed, the United States Department of Justice ("DOJ") sought to block two proposed mergers in which the target companies were low-cost competitors in their industries. The DOJ won a judgment in November 2011 that blocked retail-tax giant H&R Block from acquiring 2nd Story Software, maker of the low-cost digital tax- preparation program TaxACT. A month later, the DOJ scored another "victory" when AT&T dropped its bid to acquire the low-cost telecommunications provider T-Mobile USA. These enforcement actions provide a relatively rare glimpse into the government's interpretation of section 7 of the Clayton Act,5 which is designed to stop potentially problematic mergers before the reduction in competition causes consumers harm. Since the acquiring firm in each of these proposed mergers was the second largest in its industry, the mergers could have been seen as facilitating competition by making the second-place firms more efficient or innovative and thus more capable of competing against the first-place firms. But the DOJ did not see the mergers that way. Instead, the DOJ moved to protect the low-cost competitors from acquisition on the theory that their independence was an essential ingredient for competition in the industry. These markedly similar enforcement actions might suggest that the government has a new focus in antitrust enforcement; at very least, they provide a ripe opportunity to identify and evaluate the specific theory of anticompetitive harm that the government argued in those cases and might argue in the future. This Note refers to that specific theory as "the maverick-firm theory of anticompetitive harm." Both federal agencies in charge of antitrust enforcement-the DOJ and the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC")-use the "maverick" label to ...

This service record is an account of military actions during the American Civil War by veteran Taylor M. McRar (1845- ), dated from 1903. ; 1 leaf ; 2 pdf pages. ; All descriptive lists and service records in this United Confederate (Civil War) Veterans manuscript collection believed to be based out of Robert E. Lee Camp #158 of the United Confederate Veterans (Fort Worth, Tex.). United Confederate Veterans. R.E. Lee Camp No. 158 (Fort Worth, Tex.) ; The Southwest Collection Manuscript Record can be accessed at the following URL: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00119/tsw-00119.html

Recent years have witnessed a surge of interest in artificial intelligence (AI). To address AI's growing visibility and importance, the authors edited a special collection that showcases cutting-edge sociological research on AI in areas such as health and medicine, work and labor, new research methodologies, and policy. The articles collectively position AI as a sociotechnical system, recognizing that AI integrates heterogeneous elements that intertwine the social and the technical. Each article brings different aspects of sociotechnical systems to light. The authors highlight three contributions sociologists are poised to make to the study of AI: (1) critical analysis of AI hype, promotion, and adoption; (2) empirical study of AI's co-constitution with processes of social life; and (3) identification of avenues for structural change in creating equitable AI futures. The authors call for the development of novel research methods to study distributed AI platforms and for future research on inequalities, power, and data justice.

Natural additives are increasingly favoured over synthetic ones as methods of ensuring food safety and long shelf-life. The antimicrobial properties of both plant-based antimicrobials such as essential oils and proteins such as bacteriocins are used in, for example, edible preservative films, in food packaging and in combination with synthetic preservatives for maximum efficacy. New developments in delivery technology such as nanoencapsulation also increase the potential of natural antimicrobials for widespread use in industry. Part one introduces the different types of natural antimicrobials for food applications. Part two covers methods of application, and part three looks at determining the effectiveness of natural antimicrobials in food. Part four focuses on enhancing quality and safety, and includes chapters on specific food products. Reviews different types of antimicrobials used in food safety and qualityCovers how antimicrobials are created to be used in different foodsExamines how the antimicrobials are used in foods to enhance the safety and quality

A wide-ranging new survey of the role of the sea in Britain's global presence in the 19th century. Mostly at peace, but sometimes at war, Britain grew as a maritime empire in the Victorian era. This collection looks at British sea-power as a strategic, moral and cultural force.