"This book explains Central Asia's different perceptive, especially in the economic, security, and energy fields. It also clarifies the influence of America, Russia, Europe, and China on Central Asian countries"--
This article examines how civil-military relations have changed in China. This is conducted in the context of long-term efforts to make the military more professional and to understand how civilians and soldiers interact today. Current analyses of Chinese civil-military relations have focused on the military's professionalization. However, the recent evaluations do not entirely include the lessons learned from past professionalization phases in the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) history. I focus on the continuity between different events in China's civil and military history by looking at the critical links that made it possible for military professionalization to change what had happened before between the Chinese Communist Party and the PLA. The potential impact of further professionalization of the PLA in contemporary civil-military interactions is also examined.
This article examines the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in the Pakistani national system. In the current global war on terrorism, Pakistan's FATA became a stronghold from jihadist to terrorist. After 9/11, under international pressure, the Pakistani government worked hard to implement its law in FATA. During this process, Pakistani forces push the Taliban out of tribal areas through military operations. To guarantee peace, prosperity and stability in the area, Pakistan combines mainstream tribal areas into the country by implementing a comprehensive legal framework for illegal areas. This article examines Pakistan's integration options that allow FATA to enter its federal system and inspects the integrating tribal areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Province, which has great similarities with its race, religion and culture and is part of the federal system for 70 years. This article also focuses on the economic and administrative reforms necessary to establish real national control and FATA's consolidation on an equal footing with other provinces of Pakistan.
This paper examines the significance of Baluchistan in terms of regional and resource connectivity. Baluchistan is the south-western province of Pakistan and important in regional affairs. With the discovery of a large number of gas fields and other valuable minerals, the region has become increasingly valued by foreign investors and developers. At the same time, Baluchistan's topography makes it an ideal place for the development of railways, roads, and pipelines connecting South Asia, the Middle East, and Central Asia. To facilitate this progress, the construction of a port in Gwadar has the capability to bring globalization into the region. This development facing different problems such as Baloch, whose continued armed struggle has created destabilizing factors? As Baluchistan develops, the threats of international politics and the agenda also clash in violence. Therefore, Baluchistan's strategic importance stays in its potential to be at the head of South Asian development or to become the centre of the next large-scale multinational conflict.
China is one of the world's foremost economic powers, affecting many countries' economies and political issues. China standing by the five principles of peaceful coexistence, is ready to cultivate friendly cooperation and ties with all countries that contribute to international peace, security, and mutual prosperity. Africa is an important factor for global stability and prosperity with the highest number of developing countries. Africa is still of considerable significance to the Chinese Government. Therefore, the Chinese government wishes to present China's African strategy and its action to implement them and its plans for cooperation in different areas to facilitate the steady development of China-Africa ties in the long period. However, China's foreign policies are changing and developing recently. This study utilized qualitative analysis to identify the collaboration and relations between African countries and China to know how Chinese foreign strategy changes Africa's strategic ramifications and repercussions. The findings showed that the partnership between China and Africa by win-win strategy, from moral emphasis throughout the colonial phase to tactical considerations and non-intervention to constructive involvement on the continent, are three strands of foreign strategy shifts.
America-Japan partnership is now at the core of the America-led defence system in the East Asia. The unresolved state of Taiwan is already one of the worst security conditions in the region in the terms of this partnership. It may contribute to a big confrontation of one or both countries with China. The broader Taiwan-Japan-China-America ties usually regard Taiwan and Japan as the least influential combination imaginable. Despite this fact, the depth of engagement, hard to categorize and with great potential to affect stability and security in the field, is reversed from this tertiary regional connection. Therefore, Japan's major goal to balance the power with Taiwan is to preserve and develop constructive de-facto state-to-state ties between the liberal and democratic powers of similar consciousness, both of which are scared of the Chinese control. This paper discusses the specific ties between Japan and Taiwan in conjunction with Japanese domestic priorities and analyses the repercussions for America-Japan cooperation in the future. Especially about Japan, the American and Taiwanese governments should identify areas of difference early on and resolve emerging issues within the alliance's auspices.