Suchergebnisse

Today the competition among states to promote their international legal policy is intensifying and there is evident need for convincing interpretation of the core notions provided in the UN Charter and other universal treaties, yet not defined in these instruments. In light of this political and legal background, the present article explores the international law scope of the terms "nation" and "people" and whether all states are considered as "nations" under the terms of the UN Charter. The authors also investigate the concept of "mankind" from the standpoint of the law of treaties concluding that such a concept is not legally identical to the term "international community of states".

The absence of clauses on the legal regime of the natural resources of celestial bodies in the Outer Space Treaty, together with the development by the United States with its partner states of favourable legal conditions for their legal entities and individuals for the mining of space resources on celestial bodies, has highlighted the need for scientific proposals on the relevant Russian legal response. The article after analysing the legislative and treaty acts of the United States in the general context of International Space Law makes such initial proposals.

Foreword by Paul Arthur Berkman, Alexander N. Vylegzhanin and Oran R. Young -- Preface by Alexander N. Vylegzhanin -- Part 1: Treaties (selected provisions) -- Regional Treaty Law -- Bilateral Treaties of Arctic States -- Bilateral Treaties with Russia -- Bilateral Treaties of other Arctic States -- Part 2: Subsidiary Means for the Determination of Rules of International Law (selected provisions) -- Part 3: Relevant Laws and Other Legal Acts of Russia (selected provisions) -- Part 4: Legislative Fundamentals of Arctic Policies of Foreign States and of the European Union (selected provisions) -- Index

Intro -- Preface -- References -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Contributors -- Acronyms -- Part I: Introduction -- Chapter 1: (Research): Introduction: Building Common Interests with Informed Decisionmaking for Sustainability -- 1.1 Building Common Interests -- 1.1.1 Science as the `Study of Change´ -- 1.1.2 Operating Across a `Continuum of Urgencies´ -- 1.1.3 Science Diplomacy to Negotiate Transformation -- 1.2 The Arctic Ocean -- 1.2.1 Interconnected Home Systems -- 1.2.2 Interconnected Governance Systems -- 1.3 With Global Inclusion -- 1.3.1 Local-Global Considerations -- 1.3.2 Precaution Across Generations -- Appendix -- The Precautionary Principle or Approach -- References -- Chapter 2: (Action): Welcome to Arctic Frontiers 2020, Plenary Introductory Remarks, Opening Speech -- Chapter 3: (Action): Welcome to Arctic Frontiers 2020, Plenary Introductory Remarks -- Chapter 4: (Action): Welcome to Arctic Frontiers 2020, Plenary Introductory Remarks -- Part II: The Arctic Ocean: Evolving Ecological and Sustainability Challenges -- Chapter 5: (Research): Preventing Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Navigation in Arctic Seas -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Climate Change in the Arctic: New Possibilities for Navigation and New Risks Due to Piracy and Other Unlawful Acts Against... -- 5.3 A Review of Piracy in Other Regions and What It May mean for the Arctic Shipping -- 5.4 Is Piracy a Threat to the Growing Economic Activities in the Arctic Ocean? -- 5.5 The Northern Sea Route: Towards an Initial ``Precautionary Anti-piracy Approach´´? -- 5.6 Towards a Regional Maritime Security Regime in the Arctic? -- 5.7 The Content of the Regional Arctic Anti-criminal Agreement: Further Options -- 5.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: (Research): Microplastics in the Arctic Benthic Fauna: A Case Study of the Snow Crab in the Pechora Sea, Russia.