Suchergebnisse

Rassismus äußert sich nicht nur in Vorurteilen oder Diskursen. Auch Alltagspraktiken und Institutionen werden durch Rassismus strukturiert. In Anlehnung an die Bourdieu'schen Theorien des sozialen Raumes und der symbolischen Gewalt entwickelt Anja Weiß ein Modell des Rassismus als symbolisch vermittelte Dimension sozialer Ungleichheit. Die Auswertung von Gruppendiskussionen und Rollenspielen mit antirassistisch engagierten Realgruppen zeigt, wie diese offene Rassismen kompetent vermeiden, und wo trotz ihrer Bemühungen rassistische Effekte auftreten. Interkulturelle Konfliktdynamiken werden als Ausdruck struktureller Machtasymmetrie verständlich. Die antirassistische Mobilisierung von weißen Deutschen kann in der klassenspezifischen Distinktion der gebildeten Mittelschicht verortet werden.

Globalization and cross-border studies have changed the ways in which sociological theorists think about space. Rather than viewing society as integrated, placing individual and collective actors in clearly bounded spaces nested within each other, this article combines several differentiation theories of society as a first step towards achieving an abstract language that can account for a plurality of comprehensive social contexts, thus relating actors to socio-spatial contexts in various ways. Starting with Simmel, the article discusses how some social contexts, such as the state, use the territory to gain exclusivity, whereas other social contexts are non-territorial in nature. Further types combine social and spatial differentiation. The article expands on Simmel's socio-spatial forms with the help of newer systems theories proposed by Luhmann and Walby and Bourdieu's field theory. The article provides cross-border and transnational studies with a comprehensive typology of socio-spatial forms. The argument contributes to global studies by considering a plurality of content-differentiated globalization logics and by clarifying the relationship between macro-social contexts and actors. In organizations, networks and professions, content differentiation, spatial segmentation and actors' contestation intertwine.

Branko Milanovic: Capitalism, Alone - The Future of the System that Rules the World. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 2019. 9780674987593

Abstract This article offers a sociological approach to the ongoing debate about the distinction between refugees and migrants. It adopts a life-course perspective on seeking refuge. Seeking refuge is embedded not only in the legal regimes of refugee protection, but also in other institutional frameworks governing the life-course. Exploring continuities between migrants and refugees allows for a better understanding of whether and under what preconditions the refugee category is applied by administrations and accessed by refugees themselves. With the help of case studies selected strategically from a larger sample of narrative interviews with university educated migrants to Germany, Turkey, and Canada, the article shows how the implementation and administration of the Geneva Refugee Convention in Germany is organized in a manner that often diverges from the empirical reality of fleeing from persecution and lack of protection. On this basis, a broader comparison with migrants in Turkey and Canada who could fall under the Geneva Refugee Convention, but who mostly refrain from claiming asylum, shows that those with better resources and socio-spatial autonomy can, if well informed, find alternative options for gaining protection rather than claiming refugee status. Whether migrants under duress see themselves as refugees and whether they claim asylum does not only result from the persecution they face but also from specificities of legal and administrative frameworks, as well as their position in global structural inequalities and it is related to divergent degrees of socio-spatial autonomy.

"Theories of racism offer a wealth of interesting approaches, and yet some important questions have remained open. One significant issue concerns the relative importance of cultural patterns and social structure for the reproduction of racism. The paper revisits this question and resolves it with the help of a modern classic, the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu. He does not directly deal with the problem of racism but his theory offers the analytical instruments necessary to develop a refined model of racism, namely his work on relations of symbolic power and his attention to the cultural and symbolic dimensions of social inequality. Being based on Bourdieu's theory the model of racism proposed in this article has the advantage of being systematically integrated into a more general social theory. In conclusion the paper shows the advantages of this approach for the study of racism and suggests options for further research." (author's abstract)