Suchergebnisse

The implementation of fiscal decentralization in Indonesia is expected to improve economic welfare for the people in the regions because it can bring the government closer to the community in providing public services according to people's preferences. As a consequence of decentralization, the central government provides transfer funds to local governments. The amount of transfer funds to local governments is around thirty percent of total National Budget (APBN), excluding central expenditure funds allocated to regions. Central government expect the fiscal dependence of local governments to be reduced. In fact, since regional autonomy was implemented in 2001 until 20 years later, regional independence has never been achieved. Ratio of local revenues (Pendapatan Asli Daerah,PAD) to total revenues in Regional Budget (APBD) ranged from 36.8 percent in Java to only 6.1 percent in Maluku and Papua., the rest still expects transfer funds from the central government. It is suspected that regional independence is closely related to the formulation of the General Allocation Fund (Dana Alokasi Umum, DAU) where PAD is a component of reducing DAU in the formulation. It can be seen from this formulation that the central government has ambiguous policies. On the one hand, it punishes local governments whose PAD efforts are high by providing a smaller DAU, but on the other hand they hope that the regional fiscal dependence will be decrease through an increase in PAD. When there is a view that the effort to collect local taxes is not an important factor for the regions, the regions will prefer to receive a higher DAU rather than increasing their tax collection effort but reducing the DAU. This study will try to analyze the efforts of local governments and will examine the data on variables related to the DAU whether it is consistent with its formulation. Through Weight Least Square (WLS) analysis which is more suitable for heteroscedasticity data that may arise from the diversity of data between regions, this study will see whether the DAU formulation becomes an incentive or disincentive for regional fiscal independence through increasing PAD. The results showed that the PAD variable had a negative relationship with DAU. This means that the DAU formula actually becomes a disincentive for regions to increase their PAD. The greater the PAD, the smaller the DAU received by the local government. Review this policies or reformulate the DAU formulation in accordance with the principles of local government fiscal independence need to be implemented immediately. ; Pelaksanaan desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia diharapkan meningkatkan economic welfare bagi masyarakat di daerah karena dapat lebih mendekatkan pemerintahan kepada masyarakat dalam menyediakan pelayanan publik sesuai preferensi masyarakat. Konsekuensi dari adanya desentralisasi, pemerintah pusat memberikan dana transfer kepada pemerintah daerah. Jumlah dana transfer ke pemerintah daerah berkisar tiga puluh persen dari total belanja APBN, di luar dana belanja pusat yang dialokasikan ke daerah. Besarnya dana ke daerah tersebut membuat pemerintah pusat mengharapkan ketergantungan fiskal pemerintah daerah dapat dikurangi. Kenyataannya, sejak otonomi daerah diberlakukan tahun 2001 hingga 20 tahun kemudian, kemandirian daerah tidak pernah tercapai. Dana PAD (Pendapatan Asli Daerah) berkisar 36,8 persen di pulau Jawa hingga hanya 6.1 persen di Maluku dan Papua dari total pendapatan APBD, sisanya masih mengharapkan dana transfer dari pusat. Diduga kemandirian daerah terkait erat dengan formulasi Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU) dimana PAD merupakan komponen pengurang DAU dalam formulasi tersebut. Artinya semakin besar PAD akan semakin kecil DAU yang diterima oleh daerah. Terlihat dari formulasi ini bahwa pemerintah pusat mempunyai kebijakan yang ambigu. Di satu sisi mem-punish pemerintah daerah yang effort PAD-nya tinggi dengan memberikan DAU yang lebih kecil, namun di sisi lain mengharapkan ketergantungan fiskal daerah tidak terlalu besar melalui peningkatan PAD. Ketika ada pandangan bahwa effort koleksi pajak daerah bukan faktor yang penting bagi daerah, maka daerah akan lebih memilih menerima DAU yang lebih tinggi daripada meningkatkan effort koleksi pajaknya namun DAU dikurangi. Penelitian ini akan mencoba akan menguji data pada variabel yang terkait dengan DAU apakah konsisten dengan formulasinya. Melalui analisis Weight Least Square (WLS) yang lebih cocok untuk data heteroskesdasitas yang mungkin muncul dari keberagaman data antardaerah, penelitian ini akan melihat apakah formulasi DAU menjadi insentif atau disinsentif bagi kemandirian fiskal daerah melalui peningkatan PAD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel PAD memiliki hubungan negatif dengan DAU. Artinya formula DAU justru menjadi disinsentif bagi daerah untuk meningkatkan PADnya. Kebijakan untuk meninjau atau bahkan mereformulasi perhitungan DAU yang sesuai dengan prinsip kemandirian fiskal daerah perlu segera dilakukan. Kata Kunci: Dana Alokasi Umum (DAU), Desentralisasi Fiskal, Effort Pajak Daerah, Kemandirian Daerah, Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD)

Tourism development has become an option in many areas as a way to reduce poverty. One of the resources developed as a source of income is natural and cultural resources which are exploited as tourist objects and attractions. Tourism can be developed to improve the economy that is directly towards the community around attractions. Gerbosari Village is one of the leading villages in Samigaluh Subdistrict, Kulonprogo Regency which has a special tourism potential for use by tourist villages. The potential given by Gerbosari Village is a chrysanthemum plant whose data grows well, ponders beautiful nature, and harmonious community culture. The Village Government and Gerbosari Residents have a strong commitment to managing the potential of the village and creating innovations to enhance development through local tourism development. To realize the developed tourist village and provide direction to the welfare needed by the Gerbosari Tourism Village development masterplan. Based on the results of the preparation of the Gerbosari Tourism Village Development Masterplan, several Tourism Village objects that will be developed in the next 5 years include chrysanthemum agro-tourism areas, educational tours for the use of home yards, Camping ground and tracking of Jongkang Mountain, and the peak Cultural Tourism of Suroloyo.

Kulon Progo Regency is one of the regencies in the Special Region of Yogyakarta which has a very high percentage of poverty rates. The problem of poverty in Kulon Progo Regency has not yet been resolved. In fact, compared to other regencies/cities in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, the percentage of poor people in Kulon Progo Regency ranks the highest. Various poverty reduction policies have been carried out by the district and provincial governments to reduce poverty rates, but still have not shown significant results. This condition is interesting to analyze considering that poverty policies have not yet had an impact on the condition of Kulon Progo. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of poverty in Kulon Progo. This study uses a mixed research approach, namely research that combines quantitative and qualitative research approaches. The results of this study indicate that the inherent characteristics of households in Kulon Progo affect the level of poverty.

One of the objectives of the Village Fund is to alleviate poverty. Kulon Progo Regency is one of the regencies in at the provincial level and even national level. This study aims to 1) analyze the impact of the allocation of the village fund on village poverty in Kulon Progo Regency; 2) the strategic map of Village Fund management in Kulon Progo Regency; and 3) the Village Fund management with respect to poverty alleviation programs in Kulon Progo Regency. This study used several research methods to including the between the means, and descriptive quantitative and qualitative analysis. Results of the difference between the means test showed a significant difference in the poverty level in Kulon Progo Regency in the aftermath of the implementation of the Village Fund policy. Meanwhile, descriptive quantitative analysis results showed that 85 - 95 percent of Village Fund allocation for 2015-2017 period was on development programs, while qualitative analysis results identified differences in the management of Village Funds in Demangrejo and Kalirejo Villages. The difference in the management of the Village Fund in Kalirejo and Demangrejo Villages lay in the enthusiasm and contribution of the village community toward Village Fund management activities.

This study analyzes the influence of government expenditure and some other variables that affect the long-term economic growth at provincial level in Indonesia. This study uses panel data analysis which consists of 26 provinces during the period 1980-2006. Data used has been through stasioneritas tests using Augmented Dickey Fuller test (ADF) - Fisher for panel data suggested by Madalla and Wu (1999). The result, stationary data on the first level of difference. This study shows that the coefficient of real government spending is significantly positive. This means that government expenditure has an important role in improving economic growth in Indonesia. pengeluaran pemerintah secara agregat.

Preparation for the construction and development of NYIA airport in Temon sub district, Kulon Progo district, D.I. Yogyakarta province has caused displacement of people for their land, including farmers. Farmers affected are located in five villages that include Jankaran, Palihan, Sindutan, Glagah and Kebon Rejo. The objective of this resrarch is to analyze the impact of land conversion on farmer household incomes and food security status. The research used both primary and secondary data. Primary data was collected using structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was based on descriptive statistics and test of differences between paired samples. Results showed that land conversion has had a negative and significant influence on incomes of affected farmer households. The decline in household income of farmers in 5 villages in Temon sub district among other factors, is attributable to the reduction in farming land. Secondly, consequently, loss of farmer household income aggravated the vulnerability of the affected households to food insecurity. The number of farmer households that experienced food insecurity increased from 87 percent of all farmer households prior to land conversion to 90 percent after land conversion. Conclusions formed the basis for several policy recommendations to mitigate and if possible overcome the problem.