Suchergebnisse

1. Building blocks -- 2. The Kydland-Prescott research program : from "optimal stabilization" and "time inconsistency" to "time to build" -- 3. Kydland-Prescott and Long-Plosser : development and cross-fertilization -- 4. Themes, variations, and initial extensions -- 5. Debates, augmentation, and variations on the theme.

The purpose of this book is to describe the intellectual process by which Real Business Cycle models were developed. The approach taken focuses on the core elements in the development of RBC models: (i) building blocks, (ii) catalysts, and (iii) meta-syntheses. This is done by detailed examination of all available unpublished variorum drafts of the key papers in the RBC story, so as to determine the origins of the ideas. The analysis of the process their discovery is then set out followed by explanations of the evolution and dissemination of the models, from first generation papers through ful.

The volume is divided into three parts. Part one focuses on the models, men, and institutions involved in the development of the international macroeconomic model. In this section, the contributors examine the two monetary approaches to the balance of payments, as well as the relationship between long-term fluctuations in real exchange rates and inflation. Part two deals with the present state of the models by looking at Robert Mundell's theory of optimum currency areas (OCAs) and its relationship with key currencies. The chapters in this section also consider the impact of exchange rate variability on labor markets, as well as the interactions between theoretical developments and real-world behavior in the open economy macromodel. The third and last part of this volume provides a perspective on the future by looking at alternate models and institutional perspectives. Several contributors examine the relationship between asset prices, the real exchange rate, and unemployment in a small economy via what they call "a medium-run structuralist perspective". The future of institutional structures necessary to conduct international economic policy is the subject of the last chapters in part three of the volume

The 800 pound gorilla in the room of macroeconomics is the question of why the overlapping generations model didn't become the central workhorse model for macroeconomics. Introduced in 1958 by Paul Samuelson, the model postulates an infinite number of finite-lived families. This is in stark contrast to the more dominant neoclassical growth model, which is based on the assumption that real economies are populated by a finite number of dynastic families. Despite the greater realism of the former model and the inherent implausibility of the assumptions underlying the growth model, the growth model has become dominant. The authors here explore the co-evolution of the two models to shed light on why this happened, spanning the entire post-WWII era.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction, Keynes's Own IS-LM Approach -- References -- 2 Prolog to Keynes's IS-LM, 1930 to 1932 -- 2.1 The Failure of A Treatise on Money -- 2.2 The Treatise and IS-LM: 1930 -- 2.3 Back to the Drawing Board: 1931 and 1932 -- References -- 3 The Advent of Keynes's IS-LM, 1933 -- 3.1 GTE/5/423 -- 3.2 The Monetary Theory of Employment -- 3.3 Mr. Keynes's Multiplier -- 3.4 The Marginal Efficiency of Capital -- 3.5 Keynes's 1933 Lectures -- References -- 4 "The Missing Link": Keynes's Own Lecture Notes, December 4, 1933, Impact and Implications -- 4.1 Keynes's Handwritten IS-LM Model: GTE/5/419 -- 4.2 GTE/5/419 Employment Equations -- 4.3 The Rashomon Effect -- References -- 5 Reconstructing Keynes's IS-LM Approach, 1931 to 1937 -- 5.1 1931 to 1933: A Review -- 5.2 The Mid-1934 Drafts -- 5.3 The Marginal Efficiency of Capital -- 5.4 Keynes's 1934 Lectures -- 5.5 1935: De-formalizing and Re-formalizing the General Theory -- 5.6 The General Theory: Extracting the IS-LM Model -- 5.7 Keynes's Verbal IS-LM Approach and QJE 1937 -- 5.8 De-formalization: Did Keynes "Do a Marshall?" -- References -- 6 Keynes's Equations and Early Post-General Theory IS-LM Models -- 6.1 Bryce, Champernowne, Reddaway, Harrod, and Meade -- 6.2 Hicks and Lange -- 6.3 Other Early IS-LM Models -- References -- 7 The Legacy of December 1933: Re-interpreting Mr. Keynes -- References -- Appendix -- Robert B. Bryce Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Alec Cairncross Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Marvin Fallgatter Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Walter Salant Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Lorie Tarshis Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Bryn Thring Notes: December 4, 1933 -- Index.

In Time Series Analysis and Adjustment the authors explain how the last four decades have brought dramatic changes in the way researchers analyze economic and financial data on behalf of economic and financial institutions and to provide statistics. An understanding of time series and the application and knowledge of related time series adjustment procedures is essential in areas such as risk management, business cycle analysis, and forecasting. The case studies in this book demonstrate that time series adjustment methods can be efficaciously applied and utilized, for both analysis and forecas.

IS-LM is perhaps the prime example of `cognitive dissonance' in economics, and is problematic to many economists. On the one hand, the IS-LM model is still taught by many academic economists or they use it to derive the AD-AS approach. On the other hand, the same economists realize the limitations of the basic IS-LM model and would not now use it for policy analysis, as they did in the past. The distinction between pedagogical and analytical efficacy is made by all the authors in this volume regarding the IS-LM model. Indeed, even those who would reject using the model for modern policy analysis still see the basic model as useful for teaching purposes. Moreover, in an augmented form, some of the authors in this volume would even see fit to use IS-LM for modern policy analysis. As will be seen, therefore, the IS-LM model is `not yet dead'. Rather, the model's `plasticity' has enabled it to undergo a metamorphosis into augmented form, enabling its continuing utilization in economics accordingly

This book illustrates the role of international economic advisors in the development of Israel's economic policies. Based on extensive archival and historical research, it presents case studies on the policy impacts of the world-renowned advisors Michal Kalecki, Abba Lerner, Richard Kahn, Milton Friedman, Herbert Stein and Stanley Fischer. The authors evaluate the contributions of these advisors to policy developments in various fields, including international trade and capital flows, exchange rates, fiscal and monetary policy, industrial policy and labor relations. Readers will discover a wealth of previously unpublished information on these advisors' activities, perspectives on policy and interactions with policymakers and the public. Using the Israeli experience as a guide, the authors subsequently derive general hypotheses regarding the conditions that are conducive to the success of economic advisors

This volume integrates historical and policy-oriented papers dealing with the relevance of the Keynesian approach for economic theory, policy, and crisis analysis. The first part of the volume focuses on historical, theoretical, and methodological issues, putting them in current codex. The second part focuses on the application of the Keynesian approach to modeling the economy, policy-making, and analyzing the ongoing crisis of the early 21st century. Papers by leading macroeconomists, such as Laidle, Cukierman, Colander and Boyer are complemented by those of leading historians of economics, such as Hollander, Boianovsky, Marcuzzo, Dimand, Witztum, Young, deVroey and Arnon and provide a comprehensive evaluation of the current relevance of Keynesian Economics. One of the important features of the volume are the commentaries on the papgers, which provide a cross-fertilisation between macroeconomists and historians of economics, which in conjunction with the paper themselves, provide a fair and balanced outlook on the current relevance of Keynesian Economics.